Researchers report a case of hyperprogression in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients treated with immunotherapy combinations, highlighting the need for biomarker development and treatment strategies. Cabozantinib shows promise in controlling hyperprogression, but clinical trials are needed to identify optimal approaches.
A study published in Oncotarget reports that adoptive cell therapy in combination with checkpoint inhibitors improves T cell fold expansion and increases CD8 T cell tumor reactivity in patients with late-stage metastatic ovarian cancer. The authors suggest that combination immunotherapy may be a way forward for this purpose.
miR-151a regulates endothelial cell motility and angiogenesis, with Slug expression required for these functions, providing new insights into the processes in the lung niche environment. The study highlights the potential of miR-151a as a therapeutic target against lung cancer.
A single-center retrospective study of 282 patients with early or locally advanced lung adenocarcinoma found that EGFR-mutated lung cancer had increased rates of metastatic recurrence. Early identification of these recurrences is crucial, given the improved post-relapse survival observed in this population.
A study found that survivin positivity by IHC correlates with shorter survival in Neuroendocrine tumors. Radiation exposure increases BIRC5 gene expression, which is associated with an inferior survival. Survivin long peptide-mimic vaccine shows promise in preclinical studies.
A study published in Oncotarget found that physical activity can modulate miRNAs involved in breast cancer progression, leading to reduced cancer cell viability. The researchers identified two specific miRNAs, miR-206 and anti-miR-30c, which showed promising results as non-invasive biomarkers for breast cancer prevention.
A study published in Oncotarget found that T-DM1 significantly improves response rates and median progression-free survival in patients with HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer. This suggests a preferred second-line choice for T-DM1 over trastuzumab emtansine.
An exploratory study found that metformin combined with rapamycin was well-tolerated in patients with stable or responding metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDA) after 6 months of chemotherapy. The combination was associated with exceptionally long survival rates and improved disease stability.
A study found that loss of p16 expression is associated with shortened overall survival in esophageal cancer patients, while high Ki67 labeling index is an independent prognosticator of poor survival. Rare homozygous 9p21 deletions can lead to complete loss of p16 expression.
Researchers analyzed ATAC-seq data from 404 cancer patients to correlate chromatin accessibility with tumor characteristics, age, sex, and survival rates. The study found that chromatin accessibility on the X chromosome is strongly dependent on patient sex, but not on age or tumor stage.
The study found that combinations of paclitaxel (PAC) and withaferin A (WFA) are highly synergistic against human non-small cell lung cancer cells, showing greater sensitivity than either treatment alone. WFA was active against PAC-sensitive and PAC-resistant NSCLC cells, demonstrating its potential therapeutic efficacy.
This study found that HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) cells exhibit enhanced radiosensitivity and increased cell motility after radiation therapy. In contrast, HPV-negative OPSCC cells show decreased radiosensitivity and reduced cell motility.
The iPS87 cell line is characterized as a cancer-inducing, stem cell-like cell line that can be used to develop novel treatments for prostate cancer. After 8 transfers, the cultured cells lost their tumor-inducing capability and stem cell marker expression.
Researchers found that roscovitine enhances nuclear enrichment of certain signaling molecules and promotes differentiation in leukemia cells treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). This novel mechanism reveals new therapeutic vulnerabilities and basic molecular features of ATRA-induced differentiation.
Researchers found that overexpression of hPCL3S promotes proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and migration in human LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Silencing of endogenous hPCL3S in DU145 and PC3 prostate cancer cells impairs these effects.
Researchers found that plasma monitoring by RT-PCR-based EGFR mutation test can rapidly identify NSCLC patients resistant to osimertinib treatment due to different types of mutations. The study suggests that fluctuating levels of EGFR sensitizing mutations in plasma reflect tumor burden.
Researchers found that DOT1L inhibition significantly reduces MM cell viability in vitro and inhibits xenograft growth in mice. Concomitant targeting of SETD1B enhances this effect, suggesting a novel therapeutic angle for cancer treatment.
A preclinical study characterized quizartinib's binding affinity and selectivity for FLT3, demonstrating its high affinity and preclinical antitumor activity against midostaurin-resistant AML cells. The study aims to evaluate the role of quizartinib in treating relapsed or refractory AML patients.
Researchers developed a microRNA-based signature that predicts local-regional failure and overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer. The four-miRNA risk score provides prognostic information for clinical outcomes after surgical resection.
The Oncotarget review explores the use of biomarkers, CA19-9, gemcitabine-abraxane, FOLFIRINOX, and other treatments to identify patients who benefit most from therapy in pancreatic cancer. Further studies are needed to better understand pancreatic cancer biology and improve prognosis.
A recent study published in Oncotarget found that microRNA (miR) dysregulation is associated with immune cell activation, gastric inflammation, and carcinogenesis. Specifically, miR-155 upregulation is considered a key marker of chronic gastric inflammation and predisposes patients to gastric carcinogenesis.
Research found statistically associated CpG sites were analyzed in blood samples from atherothrombotic stroke cohorts, revealing differences in DNA methylation status of MMP24 between stable and unstable carotid plaques. The study suggests a correlation between DNA methylation patterns and plaque instability.
Establishing an inducible BCL6 knock-out model allows studying the phenotype of BCL6 loss in DLBCL xenografts in vivo. The study demonstrates significant tumor growth inhibition and initial tumor stasis followed by slow tumor growth kinetics upon treatment with BCL6 degraders.
The study found that SLC25A32 inhibition resulted in anti-proliferative effects on certain tumor cell lines, potentially by increasing reactive oxygen species. Treatment with riboflavin and glutathione rescued cancer cell proliferation upon SLC25A32 down-regulation.
The study demonstrates that MLN4924 treatment induces DNA damage and accumulates cells in S phase, enhancing sensitivity when combined with cisplatin. In vivo results show reduced tumor growth in a NOD-SCID mouse xenograft model treated with MLN4924 alone or in combination with cisplatin.
A randomized, double-blind trial compared the safety and efficacy of F14512 and etoposide phosphate in dogs with spontaneous non-Hodgkin lymphoma. F14512 demonstrated significant antitumor activity and clinical benefits, particularly in P-glycoprotein overexpressing lymphomas.
Research found that pre-treatment with empty SV40 capsids increased survival rates from zero to 75% in severe rat sepsis models. The underlying mechanism involves the up-regulation of Hsp/c70 and induction of the PI3K/Akt survival pathway.
This study found that the addition of nimotuzumab to weekly cisplatin-radiation significantly improves outcomes, including overall survival, in locally advanced head and neck cancer patients with HPV negative oropharyngeal cancers. The study compared these outcomes with a control group receiving only cisplatin-radiation.
Researchers found that tumor-derived ANGPTL2 stimulates lung epithelial cells, promoting primary tumor-induced neutrophil recruitment and pre-metastatic niche formation. Targeting ANGPTL2 signaling reduced metastatic load in lungs.
Researchers found niche mutations to have higher mortality than EGFR, but similar mortality to KRAS mutations. Next-generation sequencing helps identify a large panel of mutations for precise treatment selection.
Researchers found that Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin induces CLDN4 nuclear translocation, enhancing epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stemness, and invasive ability in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. The complex of YAP1, CLDN4, and zona occludens-2 was formed by CPE treatment, suppressing YAP1 phosphorylation and activating it.
Intratumoral SD-101 injection complements low-dose cyclophosphamide in boosting innate immunity and driving potent T cell-mediated anti-tumor responses. This combination therapy improves efficacy against non-injected tumors and long-term survival, even in large tumors.
Researchers developed a novel anti-CEACAM antibody for fluorescence visualization of colorectal tumors and metastases. The antibody targets multiple CEACAMs, which can lead to improved detection of tumor margins and metastases with variable expression of CEA.
Researchers analyzed DNA data from African American and Caucasian American men with prostate cancer, finding lower frequencies of pathogenic/likely alterations in 14 well-characterized DNA repair genes among African Americans. The study suggests a higher risk for germline BRCA mutations but lower risks for non-BRCA mutations
Researchers identified novel PMEPA1-e isoform and characterized its biological functions in prostate cancer. The study found that the methylation of PMEPA1 gene promoter accounts for silencing of PMEPA1 in prostate cancer cells.
Researchers analyzed the virome of HPV-positive tonsil squamous cell carcinoma and neck metastasis, finding correlations between specific viruses and clinical outcomes. The study suggests that certain viral signatures may impact tumor biology and behavior, offering potential avenues for future research and treatment.
Researchers found that AEZS-108 upregulates the tumor suppressor gene MASPIN, inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis in LHRH receptor-positive uveal melanoma cells. The study suggests that targeted cytotoxic LHRH analogs like AEZS-108 could serve as an effective treatment for patients with this disease.
A study found that APLN overexpression correlates with worsened prognosis in ovarian cancer patients treated with bevacizumab. The researchers also identified a distinct gene signature associated with resistance development, paving the way for new treatment strategies.
The study reveals that EGFR overexpression is associated with lower expression of multiple proliferation genes, leading to replication stress and decreased survival. Interestingly, certain proteins like CLPTM1L and PBXIP1 are upregulated in EGFR-activated cases, but this does not promote increased proliferation.
Research on NOTCH1 mutations in OSCC reveals tumour suppressive function through ETV7-mediated suppression of SERPINE1. Overexpression of NOTCH1 intracellular domain promotes cell adhesion and differentiation.
Researchers established B6CaP, a prostate-derived tumor line that frequently metastasizes to bones and grows in an immunocompetent host, overcoming limitations of previous models. This model is useful for studying mechanisms of bone metastasis and tumor immune response.
Research reveals that inhibiting Mcl-1 protein can induce apoptosis in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for this type of cancer. The study also found that combining Mcl-1 inhibition with ABT-263 increased cell death in ER+ breast cancer cells.
The study evaluates the safety of conditionally immortalized proximal tubule epithelial cells for bioartificial kidney application, demonstrating lack of oncogenic properties and tumorigenic capacity. These cells show promise for clinical application as cell-based renal replacement therapy.
The study found that API-5 is overexpressed in chemoresistant TNBC, associated with increased micro-vessel density and enhanced cell survival. A peptide targeting API-5 shows promise as an innovative treatment option for this aggressive cancer type.
Researchers analyzed pleural effusion fluid from patients with non-small cell lung cancer and malignant mesothelioma, discovering unique cytokine profiles that may influence the tumor environment. The study suggests harnessing the local pleural immune environment could lead to improved treatment outcomes.
A research team found that consuming cholera toxin B stimulates health-protective immune responses that counteract age-associated obesity. The study used animal models and found that the toxin helped restore immune homeostasis and reduce inflammation, leading to leaner physiques and improved health outcomes.
Researchers identify a hyperploid salvage survival pathway in high-grade serous carcinoma cell line models that bypasses apoptosis and emerges as viable large hyperploid cells. This pathway may contribute to acquired resistance and genomic diversity of recovering tumor cells.
Researchers found that API-5 was overexpressed in endothelial cells of patients with chemoresistant TNBC, associated with increased micro-vessel density. API-5 promotes cell survival and cancer growth by inhibiting apoptosis.
Researchers analyzed pleural effusions from NSCLC patients, mesothelioma, and benign cases, identifying distinct cytokine levels that may influence tumor growth and immune response. The study suggests modifying the local pleural immune environment with antibody-based therapeutics could enhance anti-tumor effects.
Researchers analyzed BTB and BBB changes in NSCLC brain metastasis over time, revealing key changes including loss of aquaporin-4 and zona occludens-1. These findings provide a comprehensive analysis of the transition of the blood-brain barrier to the blood-tumor barrier.