The study found that hepatocellular carcinoma develops on a background of chronic inflammation and fibrosis, with tumor-associated macrophages playing a key role. The researchers characterized the inflammatory microenvironment in two HCC mouse models, revealing divergent phenotypes of liver macrophage subsets and their contribution to ...
Researchers analyzed 430 lung squamous tumors and identified mutations in genes such as TP53, CDKN2A, and FGFR1. The study found that 13.5% of patients with druggable mutations had lower median overall survival.
Research identifies novel E6 inhibitors with potential for targeted therapy in HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. The study reveals the key role of E6 in tumor formation and growth, highlighting its importance as a strategic approach for HPV-positive HNSCC treatment.
Researchers employed iTRAQ based quantitative proteomics to characterize protein alterations in fibroepithelial lesions (FELs) of the breast. The study identified three candidate biomarkers: MUCL1, HTRA1, and VEGFD, which were uniquely expressed in FAD, borderline, and malignant PTs, respectively.
The study reveals that 1B3, a novel synthetic miR-193a-3p mimic, consistently suppresses several pro-tumorigenic phenotypes in vitro, including reduced cell proliferation, viability, and induced apoptosis. The pleiotropic mechanism of 1B3 action supports its development as a novel therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
Research found that activating plasmacytoid dendritic cells with interferon-beta increases CD40 expression and induces CD38 upregulation on AML cells, leading to antibody-mediated killing. This mechanism may provide a novel therapeutic approach for acute myeloid leukemia.
A study published in Oncotarget found a distinct global DNA hypermethylation pattern and gene expression signature in liver cancer among patients with Indigenous American ancestry. This molecular subtype of HCC preferentially affects people with Indigenous ancestry, highlighting the importance of considering anthropological background ...
Researchers found a higher De Ritis ratio to be an independent risk factor for cancer progression in high-risk NMIBC patients. Non-BCG treatment was also identified as a risk factor for recurrence.
Researchers found that piperlongumine inhibits cell growth, impacts cell cycle, and triggers caspase-3 independent cell death in retinoblastoma cell lines. PL's toxicity was inhibited by a ROS scavenger treatment, suggesting its potential as an anticancer molecule for retinoblastoma treatment.
A novel ghrelin receptor inverse agonist was developed for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of functional expression in health and disease, particularly in cancer. The compound demonstrated specific binding to the Ghrelin receptor and imaging of tumors and normal tissues expressing the receptor.
Research reveals STAT3 induces GLI1 expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, a finding that may lead to therapeutic interventions. GLI1 overexpression is associated with survival advantage in CLL, and its inhibition by specific compounds could increase cell death.
Researchers identify a new class of mibefradil-based DNA repair inhibitors, which could be further advanced into pre-clinical testing and eventually clinical trials for glioblastoma radiosensitization. The compounds retain potency as DNA repair inhibitors while demonstrating reduced hERG and CYP450 enzyme inhibition.
The acylfulvene alkylating agent LP-184 demonstrates highly potent anticancer activity in NSCLC cell lines, correlating with PTGR1 transcript levels. It targets tumors regardless of co-occurring mutations but is especially effective in KEAP1 mutant settings.
Researchers found that urine protein biomarkers IL-1α, IL-1ra, and IL-8 can distinguish bladder cancer from controls with high accuracy. These markers also show promise in discriminating between different stages of the disease.
Researchers evaluate expression of TAZ and YAP, the p53-MDM2 axis, and RABL6A in sarcomas, finding that elevated YAP and TAZ independently predict worse overall and progression-free survival. Network analysis reveals a possible functional relationship between biomarkers.
The GEM ExTra test uses whole exome sequencing and RNA sequencing to detect actionable mutations in patients with advanced solid tumors. It has been validated through clinical utilization and provides clinically actionable information to guide patient management decisions.
Research found that treatments with 6-mercaptopurine and/or 5-azacitidine do not reverse epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, but instead sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. This approach has potential for inhibiting highly resistant triple-negative breast cancer cells.
A Phase 1 study of Z-endoxifen in patients with solid tumors reported partial responses in three patients and prolonged stable disease in eight. The study suggests that Z-endoxifen can benefit patients who have progressed on tamoxifen treatment, particularly those with desmoid tumors.
Research reveals CABYR-a/b and CABYR-c proteins are expressed in a subset of colorectal cancers, making them potential targets for specific immunotherapy. The study found that these proteins are highly expressed in 70% of patients with relative expression ratios over 1.
Researchers propose a model of how caloric restriction contributes to yeast chronological aging delay by remodeling cellular metabolism. The study found that caloric restriction significantly lowers intracellular concentrations of methionine and S-adenosylmethionine, leading to a metabolic pattern of aging delay.
Oncotarget, a journal honoring achievements and accomplishments of local businesses, has received the 2021 Best of Orchard Park Award for its exceptional marketing success. The award recognizes companies that enhance the positive image of small business through service to customers and the community.
A Phase 1 study of Z-endoxifen in patients with solid tumors demonstrated antitumor activity and prolonged stable disease, even in those who had previously responded sub-optimally to tamoxifen. The trial found that 44.4% of patients at certain dose levels achieved partial responses or stable disease.
Researchers found that ibuprofen inhibits the alternative splicing event generating RAC1B, overexpressed in BRAF-mutated colorectal tumors. Ibuprofen disrupts a WNK1/GSK3β/SRPK1 protein kinase complex, promoting nuclear exclusion of SRPK1 and SRSF1.
A study analyzing 45 patients with Merkel cell carcinoma found that patients with shorter disease-free intervals and specific genetic mutations, such as ARID2 and NTRK1, may be more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. These findings could inform treatment decisions and future research.
This study analyzed 111 Hispanic CMML patients from Puerto Rico, revealing significantly lower rates of overall cytogenetic abnormalities and trisomy 8. The findings suggest a favorable prognosis in these patients, potentially due to lower mutation rates in ASXL1 and SETBP1.
Researchers used quantitative proteomics to stratify fibroepithelial breast lesions, identifying three candidate biomarkers: MUCL1, HTRA1, and VEGFD. These markers show promise in augmenting existing diagnosis and monitoring disease progression.
A study characterized genomic and neoantigen evolution between primary and first recurrence tumors in 23 HNSCC patients, identifying shared genes with predicted neoantigens. Patients with these shared neoantigens tend to have increased duration of survival with disease.
A retrospective study found that folinic acid with fluorouracil improves progression-free and overall survival in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. The combination also shows a clear clinical benefit regardless of RAS mutational status or tumor side. This suggests folinic acid may be a valuable addition to chemotherapy protocols.
A novel HIPK2 isoform is identified that promotes YAP/TEAD transcriptional activity in non-small cell lung cancer cells. The study suggests that this isoform may play an oncogenic role in NSCLC and could be a potential therapeutic target.
Researchers discovered microRNA-4287 inhibits prostate cancer's progression and metastasis, leading to increased cell cycle arrest. The study found miR-4287 specifically targets SLUG and CD44, suggesting a potential diagnostic and therapeutic tool against advanced prostate cancer.
A high-fat diet is associated with increased risk of late-onset colorectal cancer, particularly in obese female mice. The study reveals that excess body weight leads to tumor growth through inflammation, insulin-like growth factor release, and polarization of macrophages.
Researchers found a significant association between estrogen receptor α PvuII polymorphisms and dementia in a Brazilian cohort. The study suggests that this polymorphism may contribute to the development of dementia, particularly in elderly populations.
Researchers assessed tumor cell isolation and in vitro proliferation assays to predict chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer. In 12 of 14 cases, in vitro drug sensitivity correlated with clinical outcome.
Advanced liver fibrosis worsens cancer-specific and overall survival in iCCA patients, regardless of surgical resection. Patients with advanced fibrosis are at increased risk of mortality across follow-up periods.
A recent study published in Oncotarget identified elevated platelet counts as a prognostic factor for poor outcomes in patients with metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma, particularly those classified as intermediate-risk. These findings highlight the importance of stratification models in guiding treatment decisions and design c...
Researchers found that tumor cells increase SLC6A14 expression levels in response to methionine deprivation, leading to increased AMPK activation. Targeting both SLC6A14 and AMPK may drive unbalanced metabolism in starved tumor cells, promoting apoptosis.
The study demonstrates MEK inhibitors as a promising targeted therapy for basal subtype bladder cancer, highlighting the importance of 3D cell culture drug screening. Established genomic and transcriptomic data are correlated with drug response to identify novel groups of tumors vulnerable to specific drugs.
Researchers discovered that MEK inhibitors reduce cellular expression of ACE2, pERK, and pRb while stimulating NK-mediated cytotoxicity and attenuating inflammatory cytokines. MEKi also suppressed infectivity of the pseudovirus in human cells.
Researchers developed a fusion protein that selectively targets tumor neovasculature, inhibiting tumor growth in immunocompetent mice. The antibody-based delivery of engineered cytokines shows potential for improved therapeutic effects.
This review article highlights the complex crosstalk between cancer stem cells (CSCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), two key players in cancer progression. CSCs have been identified as the drivers of cancer initiation and progression, while TAMs create a protective microenvironment for CSC development and dissemination.
The study found that AKT isoforms have distinct expression patterns in triple-negative breast cancers, with AKT1 associated with invasiveness and sensitivity to drug treatment. Loss of AKT1 function was linked to reduced sensitivity to cisplatin, while the presence of AKT2 promoted stemness and invasion.
A study published in Oncotarget found that hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers increase chemotherapy effectiveness in non-small cell lung cancer. PolyHb administration attenuates tumor growth without alleviating hypoxia, suggesting a potential strategy to enhance cisplatin sensitivity.
Research found that combining copanlisib with cetuximab significantly improves treatment outcomes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. The study suggests PI3K inhibition as a potential biomarker for predicting treatment responses.
A retrospective study found that melatonin significantly improved the median overall survival of prostate cancer patients with poor prognosis, reducing mortality risk by more than twice. The antitumor effects of melatonin are fully realized in treating PCa patients with unfavorable tumor progression factors.
Researchers used a mouse cachexia model to investigate myocardial damage in tumor-bearing mice, finding suppressed oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. The study validates the model for studying cancer-derived myocardial impairment, revealing various changes associated with cancer cachexia.
Dr. Mikhail V. Blagosklonny reviews drugs that extend lifespan and healthspan in mammals, including rapamycin and metformin. He concludes that using these drugs could be the only way to live longer, given current understanding of aging.
This study elucidates the molecular mechanism of 2-methoxyestradiol (2MeOE2) inducing apoptosis in ovarian tumors through PKCδ signaling. The findings suggest that 2MeOE2 activates PKCδ, leading to γH2Ax expression and apoptotic histone modifications, thereby driving apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells.
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) remains a rare subtype with poor prognosis. Simvastatin efficiently controlled OCCC proliferation and migration, demonstrating potential as a candidate drug.
Researchers found that combining unmodified anti-tumor antibodies with MEKi and immune checkpoint blockade generated a robust adaptive anti-tumor response, sustained by immune checkpoint inhibition. This combination therapy showed improved therapeutic efficacy in mouse models of melanoma.
A study investigated the correlation between ADC parameters, Ki-67 expression, and clinical outcomes in PCNSL patients. In immunocompetent patients, ADC histogram analysis predicted tumor proliferation and survival. However, in HIV-positive patients, ADC values showed limited utility in predicting clinical outcomes.