Researchers isolated and characterized a tiny phage from the human gut, revealing how bacteria and phages co-exist in an 'arms-race' through genetic heterogeneity. The study suggests that phage evolution can be harnessed for phage therapy to treat pathogenic bacterial infections.
Economists warn of sudden 'firefighting' risks linked to real estate finance, with potential chain reactions triggering financial instability. Long-term systemic risks, including local government debt sustainability concerns, could have overwhelming effects, prompting proposed reforms to address these challenges.
Researchers used multi-omics technologies to identify novel pathways and mechanisms involved in degrading organic micropollutants. The integration of omics data at different levels revealed the genetic potential and community composition of OMP-degrading microorganisms.
A team of researchers uses Quantum Fisher Information to separate individual parameter relevance from cross-parameter correlations in QAOA. This analysis reveals strongly non-uniform parameter relevance that varies with circuit architecture and depth.
Researchers found that diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) exposure significantly increases conjugative transfer frequency of antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria, particularly through oxidative stress and altered cell membrane permeability. This study provides a mechanistic framework for understanding the ecological risks posed by DIBP.
A study found that WWTP upgrades improved river water quality by reducing total nitrogen concentrations. The upgrade triggered significant shifts in bacterial communities' composition and nitrogen-cycling functions, while viral communities adjusted their functional strategies.
Recent advances in robotics, biomimetics, artificial intelligence, and their innovative integration are reviewed. The article highlights key findings in human-robot object handover, aquatic unmanned aerial vehicles, variable stiffness methods for flexible robots, and more.
Researchers developed new backtesting approaches for expectile forecasts to address issues with existing methods. The new tests disentangle unconditional coverage and independence properties, improving size and power properties.
Researchers found widespread occurrence of tri-OPEs and di-OPEs in the Tibetan Plateau's terrestrial ecosystem. The study confirmed the trophic dilution behavior of OPEs along a representative food chain, with bio-transformation and metabolism playing key roles.
A systematic review categorizes EEG studies in shooting sports into four main directions, revealing brain plasticity principles and neural efficiency mechanisms underlying exceptional performance. Elite shooters exhibit enhanced activation in the right brain hemisphere, synchronizing alpha rhythms to suppress irrelevant thoughts.
The Temasek Wreck, a maritime archaeological excavation in Singapore waters, has uncovered a significant collection of Yuan dynasty ceramics, including over 3.5 tonnes of ceramic shards and several intact pieces. The recovered blue-and-white porcelain weighs about 136 kg and exceeds that of any other documented shipwreck.
A new nanovaccine platform utilizes bacterial lipidation to enhance mucosal immune response against viruses. The lipoSC-RBDST nanovaccine elicits robust secretory IgA and lung-resident memory T cells, providing long-lasting immunity for at least eight months.
The substance-energy network is a strategic concept for China's energy system transformation, integrating power grids and pipeline networks for flexible and resilient energy systems. It provides solutions for large-scale renewable energy consumption and high-reliability energy security.
A comprehensive sectional classification of the Clematis genus has been established using robust phylogenomic evidence. The analysis identified 22 well-supported evolutionary clades and revised the infrageneric taxonomy into 22 distinct sections, resolving long-standing taxonomic ambiguities.
Researchers at Shandong Agricultural University identified the Green Revolution allele Rht-D1b as a major regulator of tiller angle in wheat, which improves canopy structure and light interception. Moderate expression of Rht-D1b under its native promoter optimizes grain yield per plant, providing new genetic tools for breeders to fine-...
Researchers found Launaea nudicaulis extract improved gastric conditions, lowering acid concentration and increasing pH levels. The study suggests the plant's potential as an alternative to proton pump inhibitors for peptic ulcer treatment.
Pentachlorophenol exposure triggers inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, leading to liver damage and compromised immune function. The study identified the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway as a key mechanism of PCP-induced immunotoxicity.
Fusarium cugenangense has been identified as a novel causal agent of wilt disease on Pyrus pyrifolia in China. The fungus was isolated and characterized through morphological and molecular analysis, revealing its ability to cause systemic infection in pear plants.
New research reveals that lithium metal battery failures are governed by tightly coupled electrochemical, chemical, and mechanical processes. The study provides a unified framework for diagnosing failure and designing safer batteries.
A new study published in Risk Sciences investigates the potential of big data and modern predictor-selection methods to improve health insurance risk assessment. The analysis reveals that adding big data, particularly from smartphone use, improves out-of-sample prediction compared to traditional underwriting information.
Researchers developed a photo-electroactive bifunctional catalyst integrating cobalt active sites, enhancing oxygen reduction and evolution reactions under light irradiation. The system achieved higher power output, improved energy efficiency, and long cycling stability in zinc-air batteries.
A review of 30 years of AI-driven electrocatalysis research highlights five structural bottlenecks and introduces transformative technologies. Machine-learning interatomic potentials and physics-informed models enable predictive and interpretable simulations, while autonomous 'robotic electrochemists' integrate AI decision-making with ...
Researchers develop a nanocomposite thermistor that combines VO2(B) and V2O5 phases to overcome thermal imaging limitations. The composite achieves high temperature sensitivity, strong infrared responsivity, and fast response times at elevated temperatures.
Researchers identify manganese as a promising pathway to reduce dependence on scarce precious metals in acidic water electrolysis. Manganese-based materials offer exceptional stability and performance enhancement in next-generation hydrogen production technologies.
A new bilayer perovskite strategy improves long-term stability in solar cells by combining a hybrid organic-inorganic absorber with an ultrathin inorganic capping layer. The approach delivers record-level efficiency together with exceptional operational stability, demonstrating a viable pathway toward durable, high-performance perovski...
A new stabilization approach for perovskite solar cells effectively blocks photo-induced decomposition pathways, delivering a certified power conversion efficiency above 26%. The strategy suppresses radical reactions responsible for light-induced degradation by scavenging reactive oxygen species and passivating electronic defects.
Researchers used CRISPR/Cas9 to introduce a popcorn-like fragrance to tomatoes by disrupting the BADH2 gene. The resulting aroma enhances sensory appeal and flavor quality without affecting plant growth or agronomic traits.
Farmed trout fed plant-based diets exhibit lower growth rates and efficiency, but delayed brain opioid system changes occur later. The study found that opioid-related genes are affected after 8 months, suggesting a strong engagement of reward pathways under long-term nutritional pressure.
A new study identified 54 AhPR10 genes in cultivated peanut, showing constitutive and inducible expression patterns. The AhPR10-7, -33, and -41 genes demonstrated potential importance in peanut resistance to Aspergillus flavus, with recombinant AhPR10-33 effectively inhibiting A. flavus mycelial growth.
Researchers have developed atomically engineered nanozymes (AENs) that can precisely regulate reactive oxygen species, activate immune pathways, and remodel the tumor microenvironment to kill tumors. These nanostructures also show promise in antibacterial applications, wound healing, and mitigating drug-induced organ toxicity.
A new three-dimensional framework organizes how risks are studied and managed, focusing on identification and assessment, mechanism and strategy, and behavior and decision. This framework brings together perspectives from diverse fields to better understand complex risks.
A new CRISPR/Cas9-based bionic tumor cell membrane-encapsulated nanocomposite demonstrates outstanding synergistic therapeutic effects against triple-negative breast cancer. The nanoparticle combines gene therapy with photothermal therapy, evading the immune system and targeting tumor tissue effectively.
A new study develops a video-based method to measure cardiopulmonary coupling, synchronizing heartbeat and breathing variations without contact. This approach produces consistent results with traditional devices, offering a promising solution for long-term monitoring and comfort.
Researchers explore polyherbal formulations combining multiple plant extracts to combat skin aging, featuring seven key plants with their bioactive phytoconstituents. These formulations offer a synergistic advantage, enhancing efficacy while reducing toxicity risks associated with single compounds.
Skin pigmented spots feature immune cell infiltration, branched blood capillaries, and a disrupted skin barrier, necessitating innovative skincare strategies. The study highlights the need for multi-action ingredients that soothe inflammation, normalize blood vessels, and maintain a healthy skin microbiome.
A retrospective study of 161 cases found that dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) of the head and face favors the cheek region, particularly in older patients. The dominant site accounted for 65.38% of all head-and-face DFSPs, suggesting regional anatomic or biological factors influence tumor development.
Researchers used a custom-designed microscope to image individual lunar regolith grains, revealing the carriers and origins of their magnetism. The study provides insights into the Moon's internal structure and thermal evolution history.
Researchers have made progress in creating human milk oligosaccharides through bioengineering, enabling the industrial-scale production of complex HMOs. This allows infant formula to mimic human milk's compositional complexity, potentially offering benefits for gut microbiota development and immune protection.
Researchers introduced a simple and cost-effective labeling method using Pichia pastoris to overcome high spectral resolution challenges in solid-state NMR studies of membrane proteins. The approach achieved random fractional labeling, sharpening spectral peaks and improving resolution at a lower cost than traditional methods.
A study investigates how interpretable deep learning models can explain neural network predictions for the Heston model. Global methods like Shapley values outperform local methods in producing financially intuitive explanations.
A new spatially explicit framework tracks water supply and allocation in protected areas, highlighting significant spatial disparities. The study recommends differentiated pricing and basin-specific responses to optimize HQWR utilization, addressing ecological sustainability and equity.
Researchers identified key policy levers to support water sustainability in the Yellow River Basin and developed a network integrating 53 SDG indicators. The network demonstrates superior structural stability and predictive power compared to traditional models.
Researchers used integrated strategy to assess neurotoxicity of environmental chemicals, identifying six core proteins as targets. Exposure to low levels of nicotine stunted growth and triggered abnormal behaviors in zebrafish larvae.
Researchers developed a method to embed aligned boron nitride flakes in elastomer for efficient heat conduction. The composite material retains flexibility while improving thermal performance, enabling safer and more responsive wearable devices.
Alternate wetting and moderate drying irrigation enhances milled rice with increased lipid, free fatty acid, and unsaturated fatty acid content. This improves rice cooking quality through enhanced optimization of lipid synthesis in grains.
The article reviews corrosion challenges in supercritical offshore CO2 pipelines, highlighting external and internal corrosion processes. The authors propose multiple impurity management, internal coatings, inhibitors, and external coatings as mitigation measures.
Researchers are tackling vibration risks in maglev trains by developing control strategies that incorporate robust control, adaptive algorithms and artificial intelligence. Matching the dynamic characteristics of vehicle, guideway and control system is crucial to suppress vibrations.
A new scientific review suggests Polygonum multiflorum, a traditional Chinese herb, may promote hair regeneration through multiple mechanisms. The herb blocks dihydrotestosterone, protects follicle cells, switches on regrowth signals, and improves blood flow to the scalp.
Researchers developed an energy learning hyper-heuristic algorithm to tackle complex task assignment challenges in heterogeneous UAVs. The algorithm outperforms traditional methods in convergence speed and solution quality, enabling efficient completion of tasks while avoiding obstacles.
Researchers develop novel approach to isolate density fluctuations from signal measurements, achieving superior long-term stability. The method uses a three-dimensional atomic density model and neural networks to estimate and compensate for these disturbances in real-time.