A new Raman spectroscopy system allows for real-time molecular imaging of near-surface tissue, providing detailed biochemical distributions for disease tissue differentiation. The technique offers high spatial resolution and can be used for clinical diagnostics and molecular boundary demarcation.
Scientists create microstructures that control light to display colors with high contrast using a novel additive manufacturing process. The team prints blue, green, yellow, and orange pictures on flexible substrates, including water bottles.
Researchers developed a novel approach combining interference lithography and grayscale-patterned secondary exposure to create high-throughput nanopatterning on a wafer-scale area. This method enables precise control of feature sizes, overcoming challenges in mainstream approaches.
A team of scientists successfully achieved a high-quality strain-free AlN film through graphene-driving strain engineering. The strain-free AlN film grown on graphene/sapphire can be used as a reliable template layer for high-quality epitaxy of DUV-LED devices.
Researchers developed a passivation strategy to improve the performance of quasi-2D perovskite light-emitting diodes by suppressing thermal-induced fluorescence quenching. The strategy, using alkyl phosphates as passivation functional groups, resulted in higher EQE peak values and improved device stability at high temperatures.
Researchers developed a universal method to fabricate van der Waals heterostructures into nano-opto-electro-mechanical systems. The team demonstrated various functionalities, including nano-mechanical resonators, vacuum channel diodes, and ultra-fast thermo-radiators.
Researchers have developed a new type of meta-imager that enables arbitrary all-optical convolution for AI and image processing. The meta-imager combines a metalens with a complex-amplitude modulator to perform convolutional operations in parallel, at the speed of light.
Researchers create a desorption-tailoring strategy to realize efficient p-doping in Al-rich AlGaN, achieving a high hole concentration of 8.1×10^18 cm^-3 at room temperature. The approach also enables vertical miniband transport of holes, satisfying device requirements.
Researchers have successfully produced a 3D image of a silicon crystalline sample using coherent X-rays from new synchrotron sources. This breakthrough enables high-resolution imaging of complex materials, such as biominerals and functional magnetic crystals, with unprecedented detail.
Scientists developed a new technique for single nanostructure circular dichroism spectroscopy using a nano-patterned liquid-crystal polarization grating, allowing for real-time tracking and analysis of individual functional units. The new method is equivalent to conventional CD spectroscopy and has high efficiency and accuracy.
Recent deep-learning-empowered spectral imaging techniques enable fast reconstruction within seconds, improving spectral resolution. The authors categorize methods into three groups based on light characteristics, facilitating further research.
Researchers developed an approach to measure the orbital angular momentum of intense vortex pulses using photoelectron momentum imaging via strong-field photoionization. They successfully characterized three different OAM modes and proposed a universal scheme for higher OAM detection, with minimal influence on the OAM states.
Scientists create novel phase-matching strategy to enable wide-tunable deep-UV SHG, covering 111 nm range, and demonstrate its potential in nonlinear optics and photonics applications.
Researchers developed a new technique, 2p-MINFLUX, to increase the precision of optical nanoscopy by doubling the gradient and decreasing the number of photons needed by a factor of four. The team's simulation proved that this approach requires fewer photons under two-photon excitation.
Scientists review key influence of various laser techniques on fluorescence properties across a range of nanomaterials. Laser-induced control over nanomaterial composition and dimension enables tunability in fluorescence colors. The study also explores instances where lasers convert non-fluorescing precursors to fluorescent forms.
Researchers have developed a new generation of microcantilever technology that enables precise hydrogen sensing with low humidity cross-sensitivity. The new design integrates a microcantilever beam into an optical fiber, resulting in smaller and cheaper devices with stronger signal processing capabilities.
Researchers create OLID-SDOM to map weak fluorescence anisotropy in live cells, achieving high-resolution images of subcellular structures at 100 frames per second. The method overcomes limitations of previous techniques, enabling the study of molecular arrangement and rotation in biological systems.
A new AI-driven super-resolution technique, Ghost Imaging using Deep neural network Constraint (GIDC), increases spatial resolution to more than 10 times the diffraction limit. The method uses single-pixel measurements and a physics-enhanced deep neural network to restore high-quality images.
Researchers have created a nonvolatile approach for modulating interlayer excitons, enabling valley-addressable memory. The method uses chemical doping to create a hysteresis effect, allowing for long-term retention of valley-polarized information.
Scientists report a new class of chirp-free pulse in normal-dispersion fiber lasers containing a section of polarization-maintaining fiber. Simulation results reproduce experimental observations, demonstrating the formation mechanism and unique vector soliton property of birefringence-managed solitons.
Researchers successfully fabricated centimeter-scale optical fiber preforms using DLP 3D printing technology, enabling the creation of single-mode and multi-mode fibers. The team also explored doping elements to enhance luminescence properties, reducing fiber loss by controlling temperature and pressure during fabrication.
Researchers have successfully created high-quality, crack-free microstructures on silicon surfaces in the ductile regime using elliptical vibration cutting. The technique allows for high-aspect-ratio feature generation with minimal interference, enabling structural coloration and potential applications in displays, sensing, and more.
Researchers have developed a lead-free ultra-broadband LED using lanthanide-doped double perovskites, offering improved stability and cost-effectiveness. The device shows promising applications in spectroscopic analysis and multifunctional lighting, outperforming previously reported ultrabroadband light sources.
The holo-imprinting method overcomes the mass production bottleneck of traditional holographic optical elements. It uses photoalignment and reflective planar LC optics to record high-quality linear polarization fields. The technique has been experimentally validated with samples exhibiting excellent optical quality.
A team of scientists has reported new research progress on the photoluminescence (PL) mechanism of carbonized polymer dots (CPDs), uncovering the essential roles of spatial effects within confined domains. The study reveals tunable PL performance through varying degrees of steric hindrance.
Researchers from Italy, USA and Australia demonstrate a new approach to ultrafast spectroscopy using noisy pulses to retrieve phononic states in materials. The technique uses correlations induced through nonlinear interaction of light with the material.
Researchers developed a two-wavelength holographic system to measure the topography of metal melt pools during laser beam melting. The system successfully captured 3D shape dynamics, including key-hole regime instabilities and oscillations between modes.
A new deep learning approach, dynamic synthesis network (DSN), enables high-quality imaging through complex scattering media. DSN adapts to different scattering conditions by dynamically adjusting model weights and removing artifacts.
A review of digital holography (DH) for measuring and characterizing soft matter structures reveals its strong ability to characterize films and dynamic processes. DH enables accurate and high-precision measurements in various applications, including inkjet printing, additive manufacturing, and advanced fabrication techniques.
A research team developed hybrid photoreceptors that mimic the retina's rod cells, enabling efficient artificial retina networks. The photoreceptors exhibit excellent optoelectronic properties, including high capacitance and charging & discharging efficiencies.
A new review introduces methods of photonic matrix multiplication, which offers great potential for photonic acceleration in AI applications. The technology has advantages in signal rate, latency, power consumption, and computing density over electrical computing.
A Chinese satellite monitored a significant decrease in nitrogen dioxide emissions globally during the COVID-19 pandemic, with some cities experiencing sharp reductions after lockdown measures were implemented. The study also found decreases in formaldehyde and increases in volatile organic compounds in some regions.
Researchers created a spatial and nonlinear encryption method for images using photorefractive crystals, increasing security in documents, currency, and credit cards. The method is immune to traditional phase-retrieval-based known-plaintext attacks and robust against machine learning-based cracking due to its image-dependence.
Researchers have discovered a new class of chirp-free pulse in normal-dispersion fiber lasers, termed as birefringence-managed soliton. This pulse is formed through the interaction between polarization-maintaining fiber and the laser cavity, resulting in a unique vector soliton with near-chirp-free properties.
Researchers review resolution enhancement approaches for digital holographic microscopy, including illumination modulation techniques and holographic recording enhancements. They also explore the potential of deep learning to improve DHM resolution.
Researchers have developed a nonvolatile approach to modulate interlayer excitons, enabling valleytronics. The method utilizes chemical doping and electrical gating, resulting in retention times exceeding 60 minutes.
Researchers have developed an entirely new paradigm to image objects through diffusive media. A deep learning-based approach uses diffractive surfaces to optically reconstruct distorted images without digital processing. This computer-free method has significant potential for advancements in fields such as biomedical imaging, astronomy...
A team of scientists developed an AI-driven super-resolution technique called Ghost Imaging using Deep neural network Constraint (GIDC) to overcome the diffraction limit in long-distance imaging. GIDC uses single-pixel measurements and a physics-enhanced deep neural network to restore high-quality images.
A new method termed Optical Lock-in Detection Super-resolution Dipole Orientation Mapping (OLID-SDOM) is developed for weak fluorescence anisotropy mapping in live cells. This approach achieves high spatial resolution and speed, allowing for the study of subcellular structures with unprecedented precision.
Physicists have demonstrated experimentally tunable skyrmions in optical systems, offering a new mechanism for transforming between various topological textures. The results show great agreement with theoretical predictions and enable diverse applications in advanced photonics.
Researchers developed novel SnO2 QDs that passivate the buried interface, control crystallization, and provide a favorable electronic and physical interfacial contact. These devices achieved high PCEs and record efficiencies in upscaling blade-coated perovskite systems.
Hyperbolic metamaterials exhibit extremely high anisotropy, enabling unique light manipulation capabilities. Researchers have harmonized HMMs with natural materials and artificial structures, expanding their applicability to fields like super-resolution imaging and emission engineering.
Scientists demonstrated experimental realization of an atom-optically synthetic gauge field in a noninteracting Bose gas of Cs atoms. They observed gauge flux-dependent populations and chiral atomic currents, which are significant for understanding gauge fields in synthetic dimensions.
Researchers successfully fabricate high-aspect-ratio microstructures on silicon surfaces in the ductile regime, demonstrating structural coloration. Polychromatic images are rendered with controllable grating spacings at each pixel location.
Scientists have introduced a new microscope that uses quantum dots to image ultrafast electric waveforms encoded in the visible luminescence of nanocrystal probes. The technique, termed Quantum-Probe Field Microscopy (QFIM), enables the detection of terahertz near-field waveforms by microscopy of visible photons.
Researchers from ShanghaiTech University create a mid-infrared hyperchaos source using interband cascade lasers with optical feedback, enabling secure free-space communication links and remote chaotic Lidar systems. The broadband chaos has a gigahertz frequency coverage, suitable for high-speed information processing and transmission.
Researchers discovered a new type of free-electron radiations, namely surface Dyakonov-Cherenkov radiation, which enhances photon emission and reduces interaction length in miniaturized Cherenkov detectors. The technology offers improved accuracy for detecting particle trajectories.
A team developed a new optical imaging method that can quantify optical properties of strongly turbid media at high-speed (e.g., kHz) capabilities. The halftone spatial frequency domain imaging technique projects sinusoidal light patterns onto the sample and collects reflectance images, increasing the measurement speed by approximately...
Researchers have proposed a new method for controlling the polarization of cylindrical vector beams (CVBs) using a metal-dielectric-metal metasurface. This enables independent modulation of the left- and right-handed circularly polarized components, allowing for efficient multiplexing and demultiplexing of CVBs.
Scientists observe increased ring-like fringes with higher optical-path-difference, outperforming equal-inclination interference. The ASD interference exhibits improved sensitivity and accuracy for measuring small displacements and refractive index changes.