A team of MIT researchers has developed a new way to produce holograms almost instantly using deep learning, allowing for real-time hologram generation. The 'tensor holography' method can run on a smartphone and is more efficient than traditional physics-based simulations.
The basement membrane surrounding tumors may control their growth and spread by becoming stiffer as it expands. Researchers used a simple technique to isolate the membrane and measure its elasticity, finding it to be nonlinearly elastic, unlike balloons made of linearly elastic materials.
A new deep-learning algorithm, CARRL, is designed to help machines build a healthy skepticism of their measurements and inputs. By combining reinforcement-learning algorithms with deep neural networks, researchers created an approach that outperformed standard machine-learning techniques in scenarios with uncertain and adversarial inputs.
A new study in fruit flies reveals the process of oocyte growth relies on physical phenomena analogous to gas exchange between balloons. Nurse cells surrounding the larger oocyte dump their contents into it, using a counterintuitive mechanism where air flows from smaller to larger balloons.
Coronavirus skeptics have been using state-of-the-art data visualizations to advocate for opposing approaches to the pandemic, often creating counter-visualizations that are indistinguishable from those shared by mainstream sources. Researchers found that these visualizations were not just sloppy or lacking in data literacy, but rather...
A study found that patients are open to interacting with robots for symptom evaluation, reducing in-person contact. Robots equipped with sensors and video communication can measure vital signs and perform minor procedures like nasal swabs.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new generation of tiny, agile drones that can operate in cramped spaces and withstand collisions. The drones use soft actuators to mimic insect flight, allowing them to flap their wings nearly 500 times per second and navigate complex environments with high agility.
Researchers have created a boron-containing chemical group that is 10,000 times more stable than its predecessors. This new group, called benzoxaboralone, can be added to compounds to provide desirable attributes such as improved protein-binding strength.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new type of control system that allows soft-bodied robots to turn rigid on demand. This advancement could enable robots to combine the strength and precision of rigid robots with the fluidity and safety of soft ones, leading to improved performance in various tasks such as caring for human patients.
A study from MIT reveals the APOE4 gene variant causes widespread disruptions in brain cells' ability to metabolize lipids and respond to stress. Supplementing with choline may reverse these effects, offering a potential new approach to treating Alzheimer's disease.
The MIT Press has launched Direct to Open, a groundbreaking model that shifts the focus from market-based sales to collaborative library support. This initiative aims to increase accessibility and impact of scholarly research, while promoting sustainability in book publishing.
An international team has developed a way to image the interface between 2D and 3D materials, revealing details of atomic configurations and orientations. This breakthrough enables control over the electronic properties of atomically thin materials.
Researchers developed a data transfer system that pairs high-frequency silicon chips with a polymer cable as thin as a strand of hair, transmitting information up to 10 times faster than a USB. The system offers improved energy efficiency and bandwidth for applications such as server farms, aerospace, and automotive industries.
Researchers have fabricated a tunable metalens made of phase-changing material GSST that can focus light on objects at multiple depths without moving. This enables the creation of miniature optical devices such as heat scopes for drones and ultracompact thermal cameras for cellphones.
GraphIt, a state-of-the-art graph programming language, has been extended to run on graphics processing units (GPUs), enabling faster graph analysis. This advance accelerates graph algorithms, particularly those that benefit from parallelism, such as recommendation algorithms and internet search functions.
A study by MIT researchers has identified a class of metabolic mutations in bacteria that helps them develop resistance to antibiotics. The findings suggest that forcing bacteria to burn more energy could make them more susceptible to antibiotics, and may lead to the development of new drugs to enhance existing antibiotic effectiveness.
Scientists at MIT develop system that detects chemical and microbial content of air samples with greater sensitivity than a dog's nose. The miniaturized detection system, coupled with machine-learning process, can identify distinctive characteristics of disease-bearing samples, matching success rates of dogs in detecting prostate cancer.
A machine-learning approach has been developed to identify repurposed drugs for COVID-19 treatment in elderly patients. The system accounts for changes in gene expression in lung cells caused by both the disease and aging, pinpointing the protein RIPK1 as a promising target.
Researchers at MIT have invented a new type of amputation surgery that reconnects muscle pairs, allowing patients to regain sensory feedback and control their residual muscles. This restored sense of proprioception translates to better control of prosthetic limbs and reduced limb pain.
Researchers at MIT have developed a stable, easy-to-make superconducting transistor using nanowires. The new technology could overcome the disadvantages of existing superconducting devices, such as high cost and complexity, and find applications in quantum computers, telescopes, and energy-hungry electronics.
A study by MIT researchers reveals that people are more likely to follow and be followed by accounts with similar partisan views, leading to the formation of online echo chambers. The experiment found that individuals triple their chances of following other accounts when there is a common partisan bond involved.
A new system called SpAtten enables more streamlined NLP with less computing power, achieving speeds of over 100 times faster than competing general-purpose processors and reducing energy consumption by over 1,000 times.
Scientists observe significant reduction in CFC-11 emissions from eastern China and globally, following reported spikes in recent years. The decrease is attributed to successful actions taken to stamp out illegal production of the ozone-depleting chemical.
A new paper by MIT researchers suggests that many banking crises create long-term macroeconomic damage, regardless of whether they involve panics or not. The study found that a 30% decline in bank equity predicts a 2.7% drop in real GDP after three years, even without a panic.
A new machine-learning algorithm reveals multiple possible conformations of proteins that can be determined experimentally using cryo-electron microscopy. The researchers used this technique to study ribosome assembly and identified a new ribosomal state, as well as visualized large-scale flexible motions of the spliceosome.
A comprehensive epigenome map has been created, revealing genetic control elements linked to hundreds of human traits. The researchers identified 300 modules controlling specific biological processes and predicted links between control elements and target genes.
Engineers at MIT designed a bioadhesive patch inspired by origami that can seal internal wounds and tissues. The patch, made from three layers, resists contamination and biodegrades over time.
Astrophysicists at MIT have discovered an extended dark matter halo around Tucana II, a primitive ultrafaint dwarf galaxy. The halo is estimated to be three to five times more massive than previously thought, implying that the first galaxies in the universe were likely larger and more massive.
Researchers discover ultra-strongly coupled superconductivity in a trilayer graphene sandwich, exhibiting more robust superconductivity than its bilayer counterpart. The team can tune the material's superconductivity using external electric fields, opening new avenues for quantum information and sensing technologies.
Researchers create more detailed record of global temperature during early Paleozoic era, revealing temperature variations coinciding with shifts in planet's biodiversity. The new timeline is based on analysis of carbonate muds, which preserve signatures of their original surrounding temperature.
Researchers used an 'organs-on-a-chip' system to model the influence of gut bacteria on brain health and found that short-chain fatty acids can worsen Parkinson's disease. The study suggests a link between lipid metabolism and neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting the complex interactions between the gut and brain.
Researchers developed a neural network that can adapt to new data inputs, continuously learning from changing time series data streams. This 'liquid' network could boost the development of emerging technologies like self-driving cars and medical diagnostics.
Researchers at MIT have devised a way to label and sequence individual RNA molecules within a tissue sample, allowing for a unique snapshot of which genes are being expressed in different parts of a cell. This technique offers new insights into how gene expression is influenced by a cell's location or its interactions with nearby cells.
Researchers found that fact-checking labels, when attached to online news headlines, are more effective when shown immediately after participants read the headlines. This approach reduced people's misclassification of those headlines by 25.3 percent, compared to 8.6 percent and 5.7 percent with other timing methods.
Researchers at MIT have developed a method to significantly boost the performance of systems capturing and converting carbon dioxide from power plant emissions. By concentrating carbon dioxide next to the catalyst surface, the system nearly doubles the reaction rate and produces valuable products like fuels and chemical feedstocks.
Physicists at MIT searched for axions in Betelgeuse, a nearby star expected to burn out soon, but found no signs of the hypothetical dark matter particles. The null result sets new constraints on axion properties, making it harder to detect them through X-ray signals.
Researchers have developed a system called robomorphic computing that generates a customized computer chip to minimize a robot's response time. This technology uses a robot's physical layout and intended applications to create an optimized hardware architecture, resulting in faster reaction times and improved performance.
Researchers at MIT have successfully grown structures made of wood-like plant cells in a lab, hinting at the possibility of more efficient biomaterials production. The team demonstrated the concept using zinnia leaves, growing rigid, wood-like structures by controlling the levels of two plant hormones.
A new study from MIT researchers reveals that installing charging stations on residential streets and adding high-speed charging stations along highways can greatly increase the adoption of electric cars. The findings suggest that making convenient charging options available to people, especially those with limited access to garages or...
MIT researchers have created a new computational model that can predict which sections of viral surface proteins are more likely to mutate in a way that enables viral escape. The model identifies potential targets for vaccines against influenza and HIV, offering hope for developing effective treatments.
Researchers propose a hybrid-electric plane design that eliminates 95 percent of aviation's nitrogen oxide emissions, reducing premature deaths by 92 percent. The system combines a conventional gas turbine with an electric generator to power electrically driven propellers or fans.
The American Academy of Arts & Sciences and The MIT Press have announced that Daedalus, Journal of the American Academy, will now be an open access publication. This move makes hundreds of previously inaccessible essays freely available to audiences worldwide.
Researchers developed a new way to generate tough, functional materials using a mixture of bacteria and yeast, producing cellulose embedded with enzymes that can sense environmental pollutants. They also incorporated yeast directly into the material, creating 'living materials' for purifying water or detecting damage.
A study from MIT neuroscientists has identified a hippocampal circuit that stores information about the timing of events, allowing mice to remember when to turn left or right in a maze. Disrupting this circuit impaired their ability to remember direction, but not location.
Researchers identified nitrogen-scrubbing bacteria living in coral slime, which can take up excess nitrogen and prevent algae blooms. This natural defense mechanism may help corals protect themselves from certain stressors.
A new deep-learning algorithm called TadGAN has been developed to detect anomalies in time series data, outperforming traditional methods. The algorithm combines the strengths of generative adversarial networks and autoencoders to strike a balance between vigilance and false positives.
Researchers discovered diverse behaviors in ultracold lithium atom spins influenced by magnetic forces. They used lasers to trap and arrange strings of 40 atoms each, inducing helical patterns that disappeared as individual spins approached equilibrium. The findings may help engineer spintronic devices and novel magnetic materials.
A new study by MIT scholars suggests that mammogram screening may be more effective for targeted testing, rather than age-based recommendations. Women who start getting mammograms at age 40 are found to be healthier and less likely to have cancer, making targeting higher-risk groups a potential solution.
Researchers at MIT have designed an atomic clock that measures the vibrations of entangled atoms, achieving four times faster precision than current state-of-the-art clocks. This breakthrough enables scientists to detect phenomena like dark matter and gravitational waves, while also shedding light on gravity's impact on time.
Researchers found that reading computer code primarily activates the multiple demand network, which is also recruited for complex cognitive tasks such as math and problem-solving. This finding suggests that coding does not rely on language-processing centers, contrary to previous hypotheses.