Physicists at Ohio State University discovered that a glass semiconductor softens when exposed to low-power laser light, but returns to its original hardness when the light is turned off. The material's behavior is linked to the rigidity transition and the displacement of electrons in the latticework structure.
Researchers found that Neanderthals experienced periods of starvation and nutritional stress, but to a lesser extent than modern Inuit who used more advanced technology. Tiny grooves in tooth enamel served as markers of these episodes.
A long-term study at Ohio State University found that counseling improved immune function, reduced stress, and boosted healthier eating habits in breast cancer patients. The study's findings support the value of psychological intervention in cancer treatment and suggest potential benefits for other types of cancers.
A recent study analyzed skeletal data from thousands of skeletons in northern Europe and found that average height declined slightly during the 12th-16th centuries and hit an all-time low during the 17th-18th centuries. The study suggests climate change, urbanization, and inequality as contributing factors to this decline.
Researchers have developed a new paint that prevents corrosion by capturing and releasing corrosion-fighting agents when needed. The pigment contains cerium, a natural anti-corrosion mineral, and can be used in conjunction with other corrosion inhibitors to provide enhanced protection.
A new compound called OSU 111 has been developed to target both cancer cells and the formation of new blood vessels that feed them. In laboratory experiments, it was found to be highly effective in killing prostate cancer tissue cells within three days.
Textile researchers are uncovering secrets about ancient lives through chemical and physical analysis. Fragments of prehistoric fabric provide clues about the status, wealth, and cultural practices of individuals buried in North American archaeological sites. By studying these textiles, experts can gain a deeper understanding of the te...
Research suggests that individuals with asymmetrical body parts are more likely to show signs of aggression. The study found that men and women responded differently to provocation, with men using more force when ending a low-provocation call but women becoming more aggressive in high-provocation situations.
Researchers found that DksA is crucial for regulating gene expression in bacteria, enabling them to survive and resist antibiotics. By targeting this protein, scientists may develop novel antibacterial drugs that reduce resistance.
Researchers found that socially isolated hamsters healed wounds at a slower rate than those paired with a sibling, which also reduced stress hormone cortisol levels. Oxytocin treatment improved wound healing in stressed and non-stressed animals.
A new study found that social bonding has a positive effect on wound healing in monogamous mice but not in those with multiple partners. Corticosterone levels, a stress hormone, were lower in socialized monogamous mice and showed no difference in non-monogamous mice.
A review of 18 studies found that hypnosis-based smoking cessation programs were more successful for men than women, with a 7 percent advantage. Researchers suggest gender differences in quitting smoking may be the reason behind this disparity.
A recent study by Ohio State University's Sharon Sassler found that most people who live together do so due to financial reasons, convenience, or housing needs. Couples rarely cite getting married as the primary reason for cohabiting, instead citing factors like attraction and practicality.
A three-month study found nine out of ten nearsighted children in the age group could handle daily disposable contact lenses without parental supervision. Daily disposable lenses improve compliance and force children to learn to apply and remove their lenses.
A national study of over 20,000 children found that students with at least one sibling were rated as better able to form friendships and show sensitivity to others. The results suggest a social-skills advantage for having siblings, even after controlling for other factors.
A new study found that children can beat most adults on recognition memory tests when using similarity-based induction, whereas adults use category-based induction which hinders their memory accuracy. The study shows that children's high memory accuracy is due to their ability to compare similarities between pictures.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that women are at least twice as likely to develop musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) as men. The study analyzed data from 56 previous studies and accounted for factors such as age, occupation, and reporting methods, but still found a significant gender difference in MSD prevalence.
Astronomers have directly measured the mass of a single star, the first time this feat has been accomplished for any star other than our own sun. The star, nearly 2,000 light-years away, was found to have one-tenth the mass of the Sun using a combination of old and new astronomical techniques.
Engineers at Ohio State University have developed a patent-pending technology that automates the ELISA biochemical test on a compact disc, significantly reducing the time required for manual testing. The CD-based system detects a sample of rat antibody in just one hour, using only one-tenth the usual amount of chemicals.
A new study found that highly paid workers reported more cohesion and solidarity among their colleagues, and were more likely to participate in social activities with co-workers. Highly paid workers tend to have jobs with more freedom and autonomy, leading to richer social lives.
Researchers found that sphinx moths can learn to associate specific odors with food, demonstrating a complex learning process. The study's findings have wide-ranging applications, including potential uses in defense industry and law enforcement for detecting biological and chemical weapons.
A new study suggests that high levels of church attendance in the ninth grade may protect some African-American teenagers from engaging in risky behaviors throughout their high school career. The research found that more religious activity in the ninth grade was associated with smaller increases in marijuana use among boys and cigarett...
Researchers at Ohio State University developed a new anti-cancer agent, OSU-03012, which inhibits Akt and induces programmed cell death in cancer cells. The agent has shown potent activity against various types of cancer, including leukemia and breast and lung cancers.
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered a formaldehyde-based chemical in interstellar dust clouds, suggesting that organic molecules may play a more prominent role in star and planet formation. The findings could change ideas about how these molecules form in the universe.
Scientists examine how oleic acid reacts with ozone and water molecules in the atmosphere, producing hazardous byproducts that can cause respiratory problems. The researchers aim to measure the exact amount of these byproducts formed during reactions.
A study by Ohio State University found that reducing computer network jitter improves videoconferencing quality, with users rating high levels of jitter as the biggest dissatisfier. The new software tool, H.323 Beacon, can monitor Internet video quality and diagnose problems in real-time.
A recent study found that the public's opinions on stem-cell research are heavily influenced by poll questions and messaging, with support for embryonic research being lower than expected. The study suggests that the debate is ongoing, with supporters seeking to capitalize on recent events like Ronald Reagan's death.
A study found that most people dislike yard signs due to their size, location, and content, leading to conflicts with neighbors. Cities may need to regulate these signs before they become a nuisance, especially as they become more common in neighborhoods around the country.
A recent study published in Neurosurgery found that administering clot-dissolving medication directly to the site of blockages resulted in a 50% success rate in reducing neurological disability, compared to 39% with IV treatment. The intra-arterial therapy showed better results in re-opening blood vessels and improving stroke outcomes.
Researchers found that AML patients with abnormal chromosomes during remission are more likely to relapse and have a shorter survival. This suggests that routine testing for chromosomal abnormalities may be necessary to predict long-term outcomes in these patients.
Researchers found that adding texture to implant surfaces increased compatibility with fibroblasts, reducing the risk of dead tissue build-up and infections. The study suggests that textured surfaces could lead to fewer implant replacements and improved patient outcomes.
A recent study by Ohio State University reveals the link between body dissatisfaction and eating disorders in women. Constant body monitoring and certain personality traits are found to be significant predictors of disordered eating behaviors among women with body dissatisfaction.
A new study published in Archives of Ophthalmology suggests that daily eye drops can significantly reduce the development of primary open-angle glaucoma in African Americans by nearly 50%. The study recommends periodic eye exams starting at age 40 for high-risk individuals.
Restoring carbon in degraded agricultural soils can significantly improve crop yields and global food security, while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, soil has a finite capacity for holding carbon, and widespread adoption of recommended management practices may reach its limits within 50 years.
A study found that sincere apologies are more effective in repairing damaged business relationships. The victims of a business mistake were more likely to consider reconciliation if the offender took personal blame and offered an apology.
A study of 338 Chicago neighborhoods found that areas with low collective efficacy had higher asthma rates due to lack of trust, poor air quality, and limited access to health services. Neighborhoods with high collective efficacy, on the other hand, had lower asthma rates due to stronger social connections.
Researchers found that Puerto Rican children with parents reporting asthma were more likely to have depressive disorders. Children experiencing asthma attacks were also at higher risk for anxiety disorders, including separation anxiety.
A new psychological theory proposes that 16 basic human needs, such as honor and idealism, drive individuals to adopt religious beliefs. The theory, developed by Steven Reiss at Ohio State University, suggests that each person balances their unique set of needs when engaging with religion.
Engineers at Ohio State University determined which computer models perform well for monitoring Great Lakes water quality, aiding studies of global climate change. The study used satellite images to gauge algae levels in Lake Erie and other lakes, enabling scientists to remove atmospheric interference and compare model performance.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered a new biochemical mechanism that allows cells to quickly destroy messenger RNA molecules, regulating protein production. This discovery sheds light on the role of PMR1 enzyme in controlling mRNA degradation.
Researchers found that women who smoked fewer cigarettes took larger drags and produced more carbon monoxide in their exhaled air. This was especially pronounced among efficient smokers, regardless of ethnicity. The study suggests that cutting back on cigarettes may not be an effective quit strategy.
Researchers found that exercising in a swimming pool during plyometric training significantly decreased muscle soreness two to three days after the workout. Muscle strength and mass increased in both groups, with no significant differences between gym-based and pool-based exercise.
Scientists used two water dating methods, radiocarbon and helium-4, to determine the age of water in wells in Baldwin County, Alabama. The results showed that the ages ranged from 50 to 7,500 years, suggesting that saltwater intrusion could become a bigger issue in the future with global climate change.
Researchers found that couples who have accurate pictures of their relationship, even if it's not ideal, tend to experience lower declines in marital satisfaction. In contrast, those with high expectations but poor relationship skills show steep declines in satisfaction over time. Lowering expectations may benefit couples with good rel...
Researchers found that taxanes significantly improved immune function in breast cancer patients, with a 37% increase in T cell growth and a 39% boost in NK cell activity. The study's findings suggest that taxanes may improve patient outcomes or quality of life by enhancing the body's ability to respond to infection or cancer recurrence.
Researchers found that Reading Recovery helped African-American and poor children reach average reading levels for first-graders in 16-20 weeks. The intervention narrowed the achievement gap along racial-ethnic and economic lines, with all students catching up to average levels.
A retrospective study of 249 children with ALL found that most chromosome abnormalities had little impact on prognosis, except for those involving the loss of chromosomes 7 and 9. In these cases, only 15% remained disease-free five years after treatment.
Researchers at Ohio State University have made a breakthrough in understanding how cells package DNA, with implications for cancer research and new therapies. A newly discovered protein, Hif1p, works with an enzyme complex to add histone proteins to DNA, forming chromatin.
Researchers have discovered a molecule called ppGpp that plays a crucial role in regulating bacterial gene expression and survival. When amino acid levels are low, ppGpp accumulates and shuts down protein synthesis, allowing the cell to go dormant until conditions improve.
A recent study found that height loss of between 2-3 inches increases the risk of hip osteoporosis by nearly fourfold. Researchers suggest a simple evaluation of height can help physicians decide whether patients should undergo a bone density scan to check for osteoporosis.