The Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research at CAEP made significant progress in optimization of physical design, material processing, and experimental measurement technology. Experimental data on equation of state for materials under ultra-high pressure was obtained, leading to advancements in hypervelocity launch th...
A new hypothesis resolves the inconsistency between energy expenditure and maximum entropy production principles, proposing that a system minimizes resistance to its driving process. This refinement unifies the principles under a single framework, with applications in hydrogeology and other fields.
Scientists use LiDAR to create detailed topographical models of the Haiyuan fault zone, providing new insights into tectonic geomorphic features and displacement measurements. The high-resolution digital models enable accurate identification of fault traces and improved site-specific fault activity studies.
A recent study reveals significant resonance cycles between solar activity and Earth's surface temperature, providing a possible explanation for recent global warming. The research uses wavelet analysis and cross-correlation methods to investigate the periodicities of solar activity and its correlations with the Earth's temperature dur...
Researchers studied a rat's balancing strategy to lateral impact, finding it bends flexible body to absorb energy and resists force through side-sway. The study reveals key mechanisms for animal stability during locomotion and inspires improvements in bionic robots.
The big data era presents both challenges and opportunities for modeling and simulation, as it requires adapting to novel research thinking and methods. The paper highlights the need for exploratory research combining simulation-based engineering and science to develop a new simulation paradigm.
A new type of Digital Zenith Telescope prototype has been developed in China, utilizing CCD camera and high-precision tiltmeter to improve efficiency and accuracy. The instrument can measure the deflection of the vertical and variations of the local plumb line, with single-observation accuracy up to 0.15-0.3
Researchers have discovered a single-ovary reproductive system in the basal bird Jeholornis and derived enantiornithine birds from China, indicating that this adaptation occurred gradually during the evolution of dinosaurs and basal birds. This finding supports the hypothesis that birds lost one ovary due to energetic pressures of flight.
A new concept for counter-rotating wind turbines in tandem arrangements has been developed to improve power production performance. Experimental studies have shown that this configuration can increase energy utilization by up to 20%, particularly beneficial for onshore wind farms with smaller spacing between turbines.
The study of compressible mixing layers is crucial for propulsion design in high-speed vehicles. Researchers introduced a new framework called SED to analyze experimental data, providing evidence for nonlinear growth in CML. The findings suggest that lower growth rates are associated with large-scale vortices and inflow conditions.
The researchers developed a promising hybrid nanoobject for efficient two-photon fluorescence probes using gold nanoshells. The nanoshell acts as an optical antenna, enhancing the fluorescence intensity and stability of fluorescent emitters.
Researchers propose a new aerothermoelastic analysis method for hypersonic flight vehicles, combining two-way coupling and unified hypersonic lifting surface theory. The method considers thermal conduction and structural elastic deformation to improve analytical precision and calculate flutter speed.
A novel plasma actuator improves plasma authority at high wind speeds, suppressing boundary layer separation and reducing model vibration on a UAV. The study demonstrates an important role of plasma actuators in real applications.
Researchers studied the competition of multiple Gortler modes in hypersonic boundary layers, highlighting the importance of the trapped-layer mode (mode T) in flow transition. The study found crossovers between mode T and W with specific parameters.
A new study finds early fossil sponges exhibiting tetraradial symmetry, a four-fold arrangement of spicules, in well-preserved fossils from the Cambrian period. This symmetry was previously unknown in living sponges and suggests a more complex ancestry than previously thought.
The emergence of big data presents both challenges and opportunities for databases, necessitating the development of new technologies and systems to handle vast amounts of complex data. Various distributed processing frameworks and systems have been proposed to address these issues.
The paper proposes a formal passive testing approach to evaluate the conformance and performance of Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) in IoT environments. The approach uses Horn clauses to express properties checked on extracted protocol traces, enabling the testing of individual nodes in complex networks.
Researchers explore the clinical applications of shape-memory polymers, offering functionality beyond ease of deployment. Thermoresponsive and athermoresponsive SMPs can be actuated by temperature or light, enabling biodegradable implants with drug release capabilities.
A family of tri-diagonal compact schemes with independent dispersion and dissipation properties are developed to resolve flow fields with a wide range of length scales. The proposed scheme optimizes dispersion while controlling dissipation, allowing for more accurate simulations of compressible flows.
Piezotronics harnesses mechanically-induced polarization to modulate charge carriers, leading to novel device applications and unparalleled performance. This technology has given rise to strain-gated piezotronic transistors, logic nanodevices and strain memory devices, enhancing sensing capabilities and enabling 3D structuring.
Recent studies have explored quantum superposition and its potential applications, including quantum computing and optical clocks. Researchers have developed advanced techniques to manipulate individual quantum systems, such as ion traps and microwave cavities, allowing for the investigation of fundamental quantum mechanics.
Researchers found long-term cycles in oceanic carbon isotope sequence, suggesting a connection between ice-sheet and carbon cycles. The study reveals that the Southern Ocean's nutrient transfer led to major changes in global ocean biogeochemistry.
Researchers studied the rapid solidification mechanism of undercooled Co-35%Cu-32.5%Pb immiscible alloys, which exhibit good lubrication properties in bearing materials. The study found that metastable phase separation occurs and solute redistribution profiles were established.
Researchers developed a novel tree-planting technique to combat desertification by protecting seedlings from high temperatures. The technique involves using tubes to reduce soil temperature and increase survival rates of desert plants like Haloxylon ammodendron.
Researchers developed a new concept to control wrinkling patterns on hard nano-film/soft-matter substrate by patterning the surface with curves. The study found that concave-side curves suppress wrinkling, while convex-side curves induce it, making disordered wrinkling controllable.
Glacial chronologies during MIS 3 differ throughout the Tibetan Plateau, with advances on both slopes of the Nyainqentanglha being synchronous but not synchronized with Northern Hemisphere ice sheet. The study suggests a possible linkage between these events and North Atlantic cooling.
Researchers used computational software to analyze published data on Damascus blades, proposing a new explanation for pattern formation. The study suggests that the high carbon content and microsegregation of solutes during solidification lead to the characteristic band-like formation of coarse cementite particles.
Research reveals that oxidation reaction between atmospheric iron oxide reduces soil plasticity, sensitivity, and structural yield stress. The transformation is caused by micro-structure remodeling, not inherent mineral changes, and has potential adverse effects on soil stability.
Research explores cooperative transition of SO2 and NOx into secondary aerosols in China's haze pollution, showing positive feedback mechanism that accelerates air pollution. Authors conclude that controlling precursor gases is crucial to reduce PM2.5 concentrations.
Researchers have mapped the exploration area and analyzed geological characteristics, producing a 1°×1° geologic map near the landing site. They identified two basaltic units with distinct formation mechanisms, shedding light on the lunar surface's composition.
Transformation optics tackles challenges in plasmonic devices by transforming complex structures into canonical ones, facilitating accurate modeling and design. This enables the development of efficient light-harvesting nanostructures with strong near-field enhancements.
The article reviews alternative target-oriented invisibility strategy, referred to as an 'inverse design', which integrates the technical advantages of forward strategies. This approach uses anisotropic materials and non-superluminal propagation to provide cloaking performance with a relatively broad bandwidth.
Three-dimensional large-aperture GRIN lens antennas are fabricated using multilayer inhomogeneous drilling holes or square ring resonators, offering high gain, broad bandwidth, and dual polarization. A simple flat GRIN lens is used to focus electromagnetic waves with minimal phase changes.
The International Conference on Airworthiness and Fatigue explored the importance of energy efficiency in aviation transport, focusing on mechanical, electrical, and chemical effects. Researchers emphasized the need for 'Multiscaling and Mesomechanics' to balance these effects and ensure system stability.
The photochemical behavior of organic sunscreens in natural waters can influence their environmental fate and ecological risk. Research has shown that photolysis half-lives range from several hours to a month, with dissolved oxygen, pH, and water constituents influencing transformation rates.
Researchers present a body-wing-blending configuration with double flanking air inlets layout to achieve high lift-to-drag ratio and volumetric efficiency. A novel forebody design methodology using rotating and assembling two waverider-based surfaces is also introduced.
The study provides evidence for the Xingmeng area being in a marine or mainly marine environment at the end of the late Permian period. The discovery of bryozoan and other marine fossils in the upper part of the Linxi Formation supports this finding.
Researchers found that long chain DNA with low salt concentration is more conducive to nanopore sequencing, enabling longer reads and potentially reducing costs. This breakthrough has the potential to make gene sequencing more accessible and efficient.
This special issue of Science China-Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy features a wide range of research articles covering surface symmetry, qubits, graphene, and more. The articles highlight the Institute of Physics CAS's achievements over the past five years.
Researchers investigated four fundamental mechanisms: TRUS, CTOF, RR, and CT-SIG, which provide principles for designing intelligent SON systems. Bio-inspired algorithms, such as ACO and BeeHive, have shown capabilities in self-optimization and fault-tolerant operations, addressing networking and operational issues.
Researchers in China are exploring a method to extract uranium from seawater, a potential solution to ensure reliable supplies of the fuel. Despite the challenge of extracting uranium from seawater at economic viability, progress has been made, including successful experiments by Japan and the US.
A 250 million-year-old study suggests that Pangea integration led to environmental deterioration, causing the biggest mass extinction. The integration resulted in global-scale volcanic eruptions, greenhouse gas emissions, and changes in ocean chemistry, ultimately devastating land and marine ecosystems.
Researchers investigated thallium's geo-chemical speciation and partitioning during industrial processes. The study found that 40% of Tl in pyrite minerals is active, leading to significant environmental pollution with serious implications for aquatic systems.
Researchers Yalin Chen and Chang Liu review present evidence on relationships between human number, time and space processing. The study investigates common mechanisms among these processes, with some arguing for multiple magnitude systems and others a common basis.
Researchers analyzed Neogene plant fossils to understand how plants respond to climate change. The study found that stomatal density increased during the present epoch and decreased during the late Pliocene, indicating an inverse relationship with atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
A deep-sea core from Okinawa Trough has provided a 200,000-year record of Quaternary environmental changes, with high percentages of sedge and grass in glacial intervals indicating shortened offshore distance. The study highlights the impact of global ice volume, sea-level changes, and monsoon variability on sediment sources.
This study uses ecological niche factor analysis to predict amphibian richness hotspots in Southern and Central China, providing insights into potential conservation strategies. The research estimates diversity over spatial quadrates incorporating climatic and geophysical information.
Scientists have made significant findings on continental subduction, revealing the processes that occur within subduction channels and their impact on collision orogeny. These studies focus on the interaction between the deeply subducted crust and the overlying mantle wedge under ultrahigh pressure conditions.
Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) and Keshan disease (KD) are major endemic diseases in China, with significant alterations in chondrocyte phenotype, necrosis, and apoptosis in KBD. The study identified 16 genes showing differential expression in both diseases, including nine with synchronous and seven with asynchronous expression.
Researchers developed terahertz time-domain spectroscopy to analyze kerogen maturity stages. By applying this non-destructive method, they found relationships between kerogen optical constants and maturity stages, enabling the detection of oil-generating stages.