Researchers explore the clinical applications of shape-memory polymers, offering functionality beyond ease of deployment. Thermoresponsive and athermoresponsive SMPs can be actuated by temperature or light, enabling biodegradable implants with drug release capabilities.
A family of tri-diagonal compact schemes with independent dispersion and dissipation properties are developed to resolve flow fields with a wide range of length scales. The proposed scheme optimizes dispersion while controlling dissipation, allowing for more accurate simulations of compressible flows.
Piezotronics harnesses mechanically-induced polarization to modulate charge carriers, leading to novel device applications and unparalleled performance. This technology has given rise to strain-gated piezotronic transistors, logic nanodevices and strain memory devices, enhancing sensing capabilities and enabling 3D structuring.
Recent studies have explored quantum superposition and its potential applications, including quantum computing and optical clocks. Researchers have developed advanced techniques to manipulate individual quantum systems, such as ion traps and microwave cavities, allowing for the investigation of fundamental quantum mechanics.
Researchers found long-term cycles in oceanic carbon isotope sequence, suggesting a connection between ice-sheet and carbon cycles. The study reveals that the Southern Ocean's nutrient transfer led to major changes in global ocean biogeochemistry.
Researchers studied the rapid solidification mechanism of undercooled Co-35%Cu-32.5%Pb immiscible alloys, which exhibit good lubrication properties in bearing materials. The study found that metastable phase separation occurs and solute redistribution profiles were established.
Researchers developed a novel tree-planting technique to combat desertification by protecting seedlings from high temperatures. The technique involves using tubes to reduce soil temperature and increase survival rates of desert plants like Haloxylon ammodendron.
Researchers developed a new concept to control wrinkling patterns on hard nano-film/soft-matter substrate by patterning the surface with curves. The study found that concave-side curves suppress wrinkling, while convex-side curves induce it, making disordered wrinkling controllable.
Glacial chronologies during MIS 3 differ throughout the Tibetan Plateau, with advances on both slopes of the Nyainqentanglha being synchronous but not synchronized with Northern Hemisphere ice sheet. The study suggests a possible linkage between these events and North Atlantic cooling.
Researchers used computational software to analyze published data on Damascus blades, proposing a new explanation for pattern formation. The study suggests that the high carbon content and microsegregation of solutes during solidification lead to the characteristic band-like formation of coarse cementite particles.
Research reveals that oxidation reaction between atmospheric iron oxide reduces soil plasticity, sensitivity, and structural yield stress. The transformation is caused by micro-structure remodeling, not inherent mineral changes, and has potential adverse effects on soil stability.
Research explores cooperative transition of SO2 and NOx into secondary aerosols in China's haze pollution, showing positive feedback mechanism that accelerates air pollution. Authors conclude that controlling precursor gases is crucial to reduce PM2.5 concentrations.
Researchers have mapped the exploration area and analyzed geological characteristics, producing a 1°×1° geologic map near the landing site. They identified two basaltic units with distinct formation mechanisms, shedding light on the lunar surface's composition.
Transformation optics tackles challenges in plasmonic devices by transforming complex structures into canonical ones, facilitating accurate modeling and design. This enables the development of efficient light-harvesting nanostructures with strong near-field enhancements.
The article reviews alternative target-oriented invisibility strategy, referred to as an 'inverse design', which integrates the technical advantages of forward strategies. This approach uses anisotropic materials and non-superluminal propagation to provide cloaking performance with a relatively broad bandwidth.
Three-dimensional large-aperture GRIN lens antennas are fabricated using multilayer inhomogeneous drilling holes or square ring resonators, offering high gain, broad bandwidth, and dual polarization. A simple flat GRIN lens is used to focus electromagnetic waves with minimal phase changes.
The International Conference on Airworthiness and Fatigue explored the importance of energy efficiency in aviation transport, focusing on mechanical, electrical, and chemical effects. Researchers emphasized the need for 'Multiscaling and Mesomechanics' to balance these effects and ensure system stability.
The photochemical behavior of organic sunscreens in natural waters can influence their environmental fate and ecological risk. Research has shown that photolysis half-lives range from several hours to a month, with dissolved oxygen, pH, and water constituents influencing transformation rates.
Researchers present a body-wing-blending configuration with double flanking air inlets layout to achieve high lift-to-drag ratio and volumetric efficiency. A novel forebody design methodology using rotating and assembling two waverider-based surfaces is also introduced.
The study provides evidence for the Xingmeng area being in a marine or mainly marine environment at the end of the late Permian period. The discovery of bryozoan and other marine fossils in the upper part of the Linxi Formation supports this finding.
Researchers found that long chain DNA with low salt concentration is more conducive to nanopore sequencing, enabling longer reads and potentially reducing costs. This breakthrough has the potential to make gene sequencing more accessible and efficient.
This special issue of Science China-Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy features a wide range of research articles covering surface symmetry, qubits, graphene, and more. The articles highlight the Institute of Physics CAS's achievements over the past five years.
Researchers investigated four fundamental mechanisms: TRUS, CTOF, RR, and CT-SIG, which provide principles for designing intelligent SON systems. Bio-inspired algorithms, such as ACO and BeeHive, have shown capabilities in self-optimization and fault-tolerant operations, addressing networking and operational issues.
Researchers in China are exploring a method to extract uranium from seawater, a potential solution to ensure reliable supplies of the fuel. Despite the challenge of extracting uranium from seawater at economic viability, progress has been made, including successful experiments by Japan and the US.
A 250 million-year-old study suggests that Pangea integration led to environmental deterioration, causing the biggest mass extinction. The integration resulted in global-scale volcanic eruptions, greenhouse gas emissions, and changes in ocean chemistry, ultimately devastating land and marine ecosystems.
Researchers investigated thallium's geo-chemical speciation and partitioning during industrial processes. The study found that 40% of Tl in pyrite minerals is active, leading to significant environmental pollution with serious implications for aquatic systems.
Researchers Yalin Chen and Chang Liu review present evidence on relationships between human number, time and space processing. The study investigates common mechanisms among these processes, with some arguing for multiple magnitude systems and others a common basis.
Researchers analyzed Neogene plant fossils to understand how plants respond to climate change. The study found that stomatal density increased during the present epoch and decreased during the late Pliocene, indicating an inverse relationship with atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
A deep-sea core from Okinawa Trough has provided a 200,000-year record of Quaternary environmental changes, with high percentages of sedge and grass in glacial intervals indicating shortened offshore distance. The study highlights the impact of global ice volume, sea-level changes, and monsoon variability on sediment sources.
This study uses ecological niche factor analysis to predict amphibian richness hotspots in Southern and Central China, providing insights into potential conservation strategies. The research estimates diversity over spatial quadrates incorporating climatic and geophysical information.
Scientists have made significant findings on continental subduction, revealing the processes that occur within subduction channels and their impact on collision orogeny. These studies focus on the interaction between the deeply subducted crust and the overlying mantle wedge under ultrahigh pressure conditions.
Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) and Keshan disease (KD) are major endemic diseases in China, with significant alterations in chondrocyte phenotype, necrosis, and apoptosis in KBD. The study identified 16 genes showing differential expression in both diseases, including nine with synchronous and seven with asynchronous expression.
Researchers developed terahertz time-domain spectroscopy to analyze kerogen maturity stages. By applying this non-destructive method, they found relationships between kerogen optical constants and maturity stages, enabling the detection of oil-generating stages.
High crop species richness suppresses pest populations, indicating a positive relationship between crop diversity and biological control. The study found that crop diversity enhances the natural enemy-pest ratio, leading to improved pest control on EMS using microlandscape.
Novice and experienced drivers show distinct differences in lane keeping performance, with experienced drivers better controlling vehicle position. The study suggests that driving experience affects cognitive skills such as perception, decision, and memory.
Researchers have identified a new model-independent feature in the α-preformation probability trend, which is critical to understanding nuclear structure. The study found that the relative trend in α-preformation probabilities for an isotopic chain is consistent across different theoretical models.
Researchers discovered that bacteria and algae played a crucial role in the disappearance of coral-stromatoporoid reefs before 370 Ma, leading to insights into modern coral bleaching. This study sheds light on the devastating impact of blooming bacteria and algae on ancient reef ecosystems.
A recent study reveals that grassland fencing is threatening the survival of wild ungulates in Asia. The fencing has restricted their movement and reduced their habitat, making it harder for them to migrate and find food. This can lead to genetic isolation and increased extinction risk.
A recent study found that lack of ventilation, gas cooking fuel, dampness, new furniture, and certain flooring materials are associated with an increased risk of pneumonia among children in modern apartments. The research also suggests that family allergies and non-parental childcare can contribute to the development of pneumonia.
A new colorimetric detection technology can quickly identify illegal cooking oils using phase transfer technology, with an accurate rate of 95.7% in blind tests. The method is a cost-effective process and has high application potential in civilian fields.
Researchers used detached-eddy simulations to study new vortical flows over a 76/40 double delta wing, finding a new type of cross-flow vortex that differs from other vortices. The vortex is caused by cross-flow instability and can cause local pressure distribution deviations.
A recent study found that indoor environment factors, such as lack of ventilation and gas cooking fuel, significantly increase the risk of childhood pneumonia. The study, conducted in Nanjing, China, suggests that modern life style and home environment play a crucial role in developing pneumonia infections among children.
Researchers have developed a novel trophallaxis network control method for formation flight of multiple UAVs, which enables efficient information transfer and coordination. The new strategy has the potential to improve the stability and performance of UAV formations in various applications.
Scientists discover fossilized skull of Sinotherium lagrelii, a transitional taxon between Elasmotherium and other elasmotheres. The discovery provides new insights into the origin of the unicorn-like horn and sheds light on the evolution of giant elasmotheres.
Recent research has made significant progress in developing gene-sensing techniques for rapid detection of foodborne pathogens, such as Listeria monocytogenes. These methods, like the novel in situ ECL detection system, utilize electrochemiluminescence and microfluidics to achieve high sensitivity and specificity.
Researchers have developed a new coupled numerical hydrodynamic water quality model to simulate dynamic changes in river water quantity and quality. The model was validated in the Luan River Basin, showing accuracy requirements were met for both water level and flow data, as well as water quality characteristics.
A novel avian-origin H7N9 influenza virus was found to show rapid evolution, with several viruses circulating in Hangzhou. The virus's pathogenesis in humans remains unknown, but substitutions have been identified as potential pathogenicity factors.
A recent study found that urbanization significantly affects surface warming in eastern China, particularly in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region. The study revealed a remarkable summer warming rate of 0.132-0.250°C per decade, accounting for 36%-68% of regional warming. In contrast, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region experienced...
The study highlights the importance of considering chiral POPs' individual toxicities and sources in assessing environmental risks. Enantiomeric ratio and fraction are used as tracers, revealing altered EF values in organisms and environmental matrices.
A new composite nanoparticle material, silica nanorattles @ gold nanoparticles (SN @ GNs), has been developed for biological imaging. The silica shell reduces the toxicity of gold nanoparticles, increasing their maximum tolerated dose to 200 mg/kg. This innovation provides a promising approach for cancer diagnosis and treatment.