A recent study published in Conservation Biology found that threatened bird species tend to have their ranges overestimated by 40-70% compared to actual surveys. This overestimation is particularly pronounced for narrow-ranging and specialized species, which are also more vulnerable to extinction.
Research at UCSD reveals ketamine impairs brain circuitry by increasing superoxide production, leading to memory and attention problems. Inhibiting NADPH oxidase could provide novel treatments for schizophrenia.
Researchers from the University of California, San Diego, have identified a protein called LRP1 that may help ease neuropathic pain by blocking the response of glial cells. The study found that administering LRP1 into injured peripheral nerves decreased the level and activity of proinflammatory cytokines, leading to reduced pain.
Researchers at UC San Diego discovered that certain genes can switch between two phenotypes spontaneously, allowing cells to adapt to changing conditions. This phenomenon, known as epigenetic multistability, can be beneficial for gene expression and is crucial for understanding genetic inheritance.
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego found a strong association between deficiency in UVB exposure and endometrial cancer. Vitamin D3 levels were linked to lower risk of cancers such as breast, colon, kidney, and ovary.
A team of scientists reports that chimpanzees in Tanzania are using digging tools to gather underground foods, suggesting that this ability may have been present in early human ancestors. The study provides insights into the role of dietary shifts in hominid evolution and challenges current hypotheses.
UCSD researchers have discovered that inflammation from immune cells called macrophages leads to insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. By disabling the macrophage inflammatory pathway, insulin resistance can be prevented in mouse models.
The UCSD team created a 16-element phased array chip that can transmit at 30-50 GHz, reducing size, weight, and cost. The innovation enables breakthroughs in military sensor and communication systems, as well as commercial terrestrial communications.
Researchers propose a new approach to treating psychiatric disorders by focusing on an individual's need for internal balance. Studies suggest that decision-making is linked to maintaining homeostatic balance, which can be disrupted in individuals with addictions and psychiatric disorders.
A study by researchers at the University of California, San Diego, found that smoked cannabis eased pain induced in healthy volunteers. The results suggest a therapeutic window for cannabis analgesia, with moderate pain relief observed at a medium dose of 4% THC.
Researchers used transparent zebrafish to study inflammatory breast cancer, discovering how two proteins interact to facilitate metastasis. The study reveals that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and RhoC work together to promote rapid intravasation of cancer cells into blood vessels.
Researchers use Google Sets to provide contextual information that improves the accuracy of automated image labeling systems. The system uses a three-step process, including image segmentation, ranked lists of probable labels, and post-processing context checks.
Scientists at UCSD School of Medicine identified a potential new therapy for chronic spasticity and rigidity, a painful condition often resulting from spinal cord injuries. They found that the AMPA receptor antagonist NGX424 suppresses spasticity and rigidity in rats, providing a novel means of reducing muscle tone.
Researchers from UC San Diego have developed a more accurate method for predicting breast cancer metastasis by analyzing protein interactions. Their approach, which uses a network of genes rather than individual genes, improves metastasis prediction accuracy to around 72%.
Researchers from UC San Diego propose a grid system that utilizes human computation to label images and perform tasks for the benefit of others. The 'Soylent Grid' uses CAPTCHAs to engage humans in the loop, allowing for efficient data labeling and various applications such as assistive technology for visually impaired individuals.
A study by UC San Diego and HHMI researchers reveals that SMRT protein prevents premature neural differentiation in embryos, highlighting its role in maintaining neural stem cells. The absence of this protein leads to abnormalities similar to vitamin A exposure, suggesting a link between SMRT and retinoic acid-induced differentiation.
Researchers identify ancestral origin of long DNA duplications in human genome, shedding light on evolution of disease-causing genetic mutations. The study reveals elevated rates of duplication activity at different times and highlights a small subset of core duplicons responsible for recent genetic innovations.
Researchers developed a model to explain how knots form in tumbled strings, revealing a connection to DNA unwinding and tumor cell behavior. The study used computer simulations and experimentation to classify thousands of knots, shedding light on the probability of knot formation.
Researchers at UCSD School of Medicine discovered a novel PLC-epsilon enzyme subtype that activates a second signaling pathway for cell proliferation. This finding may enable targeting the enzyme's second function to prevent pathological responses while preserving its critical physiological roles.
Women with anorexia nervosa exhibit distinct differences in brain activity related to taste recognition, suggesting a link between appetite regulation and self-awareness. This finding may shed light on the underlying causes of anorexia nervosa, including distorted body image and difficulty responding to hunger.
The UC San Diego researchers have created an online game called Listen Game that allows players to label songs with words, generating crucial data for building a music search engine. The system uses machine learning to train computers to annotate songs accurately.
Research finds that sperm cells from more promiscuous primate species swim faster and with greater force than those of monogamous species. Human sperm fall in between, suggesting they may not have always been as monogamous as thought.
Researchers at UCSD School of Medicine have solved the structure of protein kinase A, a key enzyme involved in memory formation, nerve cell communication, and cardiac function. The study reveals how PKA is inhibited and activated by cyclic AMP, shedding light on its role in cardiac disease and breast cancer.
Researchers created an automated, enterprise-scale WiFi troubleshooting system that analyzes wireless protocol behavior, wired network services, and interactions between them. The system identifies the source of problems, such as media access dynamics and mobility management latency, and provides immediate solutions.
Scientists at UC San Diego's Scripps Institution of Oceanography have developed a new method to create natural antibacterial molecules using enzyme ingredients. This breakthrough process allows for the synthesis of complex molecules in a relatively simple mixing process, paving the way for cheaper and more sustainable 'green' chemistry.
Computer scientists at UC San Diego create a new algorithm to generate annotated Internet router graphs, mimicking key features of the Internet. The technique allows researchers to experiment with different network topologies and test the sensitivity of various techniques.
SciVees is a collaboration between the National Science Foundation and the San Diego Supercomputer Center, aiming to disseminate science to the widest possible audience. The platform will offer multimedia content synchronized with published papers, creating online communities for discussion and commenting.
A multidisciplinary team led by UCSD researchers has determined the structure of MitoNEET, a protein that shows promise as a target for developing innovative diabetes drugs. The discovery provides insights into how these drugs may protect cells from oxidative stress and potentially offer greater specificity and fewer side effects.
A study in Kabul found alarmingly high rates of risky injecting and sexual behaviors among injection drug users, with 50% sharing syringes and 76% engaging in paid sex. The incidence of Hepatitis C infection was also high, potentially foreshadowing an increase in HIV rates.
Researchers at UCSD have designed a new algorithm that enables distributed rate limiting to enforce global bandwidth rate limits and dynamically shift allocations based on current network demand. The flow proportional share algorithm uses TCP to estimate bandwidth demand, providing fairness and practicality for deployment nationwide.
A study found that increasing vitamin D levels can prevent 250,000 cases of colorectal cancer and 350,000 cases of breast cancer worldwide. Researchers recommend optimal vitamin D serum levels to be around 24-32 nanograms per milliliter for prevention.
A recent analysis by Robert Horwitz reveals that South Africa's telecommunications reform has largely failed to improve access and affordability for the majority of the population. Despite comprehensive legislation passed in 1996, Telkom was able to thwart competition and impose high prices, limiting service offerings.
Researchers at UC San Diego have developed a method called 'radiance caching' to efficiently render images with smoke, fog, and other visual effects. This approach cuts computational time and energy by reusing previously computed lighting values.
The new UC San Diego model can create life-like milk images based on fat and protein content, and work backwards to determine the composition of a material. This technology has potential applications in food safety, atmospheric science, and diagnostic medicine.
A new study by UC-San Diego computer scientists found that 94% of spam-advertised online scams are hosted on individual web servers, not hundreds or thousands of compromised computers. The researchers used a new internet monitoring approach to analyze over one million spam emails and identified the hosting servers for these scams.
Researchers found that over-production of two inflammatory proteins causes excessive levels of a third protein, leading to rosacea symptoms. Elevated stratum corneum tryptic enzymes (SCTE) and cathelicidin also contribute to the disease.
Scientists at UC San Diego discovered how cells of higher organisms change their movement speed, a discovery that may help prevent cancer cells from spreading. The study found that the frequency of the cell's motility cycle determines its crawling speed.
A new analysis reveals that atmospheric brown clouds over south Asia significantly contribute to observed warming, leading to the alarming retreat of Himalayan glaciers. The findings suggest that reducing air pollution could help arrest some of this melting by reducing the combined heating effect of greenhouse gases and brown clouds.
Researchers found that Spanish-speaking Latinos in San Diego County's mental health system had a higher proportion of patients with major depression but lower rates of bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and substance use disorders. They were also more likely to receive outpatient treatment than English-speaking Latinos or Caucasians.
A study by Harvard and the University of California, San Diego found that obesity is socially contagious, spreading from person to person in a social network. The greatest effect was seen among friends, with a 171% increase in chances of becoming obese if a mutual friend becomes obese.
A new study published in JAMA found that intensively following a high-vegetable diet beyond recommended guidelines did not reduce breast cancer recurrence or death in early stage survivors. Despite significant changes in dietary patterns, the study observed no difference in outcomes between groups.
A viral infection in 1990 reprogrammed the genetic machinery of a strep bacteria strain, creating a deadly form of
Scientists at UCSD School of Medicine have found that 'junk' DNA sequences may serve as punctuation marks to organize functional domains within the genome. This discovery could lead to breakthroughs in gene therapy by understanding how genomic material contributes to the regulation of genes.
Research at University of California, San Diego reveals that male mice produce more IL-6 in response to liver injury, leading to a higher incidence of liver cancer. The study suggests therapies targeting IL-6 production or estrogen-like compounds may reduce liver cancer risk in males.
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego discovered that fibrinogen inhibits neural cell growth in spinal cord injuries, leading to paralysis. The study found that fibrinogen's binding to beta 3 integrin receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor prevents axonal growth, which is necessary for regeneration.
A new vaccine has been developed to prevent hCMV infection and disease in mice, showing promise for human use. The vaccine generates an immune response that protects against both infection and disease by disarming the virus's ability to replicate.
A new study reveals that Antarctic icebergs are hotspots of ocean life, supporting thriving communities of seabirds above and a web of phytoplankton, krill, and fish below. The researchers found that the icebergs produce a halo effect with increased phytoplankton, krill, and seabirds out to a radius of more than two miles around them.
Researchers at UCSD have identified the relationship between hepcidin and a pair of proteins that monitor hormone levels, potentially leading to new treatments for anemia. The discovery reveals how HIF regulates hepcidin in response to low iron and oxygen levels.
Researchers have successfully sequenced the genome of Salinispora tropica, a bacterium discovered in Bahamian mud with potential to produce compounds showing promise in treating diseases such as cancer. The decoded genome reveals an impressive 10% of genes dedicated to producing molecules for antibiotics and anticancer agents.
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego, have developed a novel biofuel technology that uses steam, sand, and catalysts to convert forest, urban, and agricultural wastes into alcohol for use as a gasoline additive. This technology has the potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels.