Researchers developed a new state-space model to analyze fish movement data collected by marine observation networks. The model quantifies uncertainty associated with imperfect locating systems, providing better information for marine conservation activities.
A new study by Richard Zeebe suggests that amplified and prolonged warming due to unabated fossil fuel burning raises the probability of large ice sheets melting, leading to significant sea level rise. Climate sensitivity may change over time, potentially making future climate change more severe and longer-lasting.
A new tree-ring record reveals El Niño was unusually active in the late 20th century, suggesting a response to global warming. This finding has implications for climate models and predictions of future ENSO activity.
Scientists have discovered that large-scale upwelling in the Earth's mantle is mostly concentrated beneath Africa and the Central Pacific, with these locations remaining remarkably stable over geological time. This discovery provides a framework for understanding how mantle dynamics are linked to surface geology.
Researchers from the University of Hawaii at Manoa report that native forest birds are experiencing prolonged molting periods due to increased competition with introduced Japanese white-eye birds. This change in molt timing and duration is associated with food scarcity and has significant implications for bird survival and growth.
Researchers at UH Manoa have discovered a novel chemical route to form PAHs, challenging conventional wisdom that they only occur at high temperatures. The study suggests that low-temperature chemistry can initiate the synthesis of the first PAH in interstellar space.
Researchers have discovered a molecular pathway that can help reduce cardiac damage caused by an enlarged heart, a common result of hypertension or a heart attack. The pathway, activated by stretch of adult cardiac cells, promotes the release of VEGF, which protects cardiac function and keeps cells alive.
Researchers from the University of Hawaii at Manoa used GPS data to find that a section of the eastern Andes is locked in place, allowing stress to build up and potentially leading to large earthquakes. The study suggests that earthquakes with magnitudes up to 8.9 are possible in the region.
A team of climate scientists has found that annually resolved tree-ring records from North America can be used to improve El Niño prediction in climate models. The study shows that the intensity of El Niño events has been highly variable, with decades of strong and weak activity over the past 1,100 years.
Projections predict tsunami debris will spread out eastward, reaching Northwestern Hawaiian Islands in a year and US West Coast in three years. The debris will then enter the North Pacific Garbage Patch, where it will break into smaller pieces.
A new study by the University of Hawaii at Manoa found that combining on-Oahu wind farms and solar energy could meet over 25% of Oahu's projected electricity demand. The study suggests that implementing large-scale wind and solar projects on Oahu can maintain system reliability while eliminating the need to burn fossil fuels.
Researchers found that sewage discharge and urban runoff from coastal areas are affecting the genetic structure of sea stars, limiting their dispersal and decreasing genetic diversity. This study highlights the impact of human activities on marine ecosystems, suggesting a need for more effective management strategies.
New study reveals humpback whale wintering grounds extend throughout Hawaiian Islands and into NWHI, contradicting previous assumptions. The discovery provides insights into the species' migration patterns and geographic expansion.
A new study finds that the tropical Atlantic has experienced weaker trade winds and changes in ocean surface temperature, leading to increased rainfall over adjacent land areas. This shift is attributed to asymmetric reduction in surface solar radiation due to man-produced aerosols.
Researchers at the University of Hawaii have developed a new mouse model that reveals how patterning and developmental proteins influence cervical vertebrae formation. The study, led by Dr. Jinzeng Yang, aims to improve understanding of congenital cervical vertebrae malformation in humans.
A study reveals that many rare coral species in Hawaii may interbreed with more common species, making it challenging to determine their individual species identity. This uncertainty affects conservation efforts and taxonomy of the coral genus Montipora.
Current global climate models predict varying levels of warming, with disagreement mainly stemming from different representations of clouds. Researchers from the University of Hawaii at Manoa have assessed model performance in simulating clouds, presenting a new approach to determining expected cloud feedbacks in a warmer climate.
A new study finds that rising ocean temperatures are causing the threshold sea surface temperature for hurricanes and tropical thunderstorms to rise, potentially leading to more frequent hurricanes. The study's findings support climate model simulations and provide strong evidence of tropical atmosphere warming.
Researchers found that 71% of examined black coral species contain algae, even at depths over 400m. The discovery highlights the diverse habitat preferences and environmental ranges of symbiotic algae.
A University of Hawaii at Manoa researcher has co-authored a study finding that tennis players' grunts negatively affect opponents' response times and accuracy during matches. The study suggests that advanced players may have developed strategies to mitigate the effects, but its findings are likely to be significant on faster surfaces.
A recent study by Professor Sonia Ghumman at the University of Hawaii at Manoa found that Muslim women who wear hijabs face significant workplace discrimination in the US. The survey revealed that 22% of respondents were personally denied work due to their attire, highlighting a pervasive issue of religious intolerance.
Researchers have created the world's first frozen repository for Hawaiian coral, banking cells to preserve species diversity and potentially restore populations. The frozen material can be thawed decades or even centuries later to revive coral reefs threatened by climate change, pollution, and human impact.
The University of Hawaii's School of Ocean Earth Science and Technology completed a three-year study of Sea Disposal Site Hawaii Number 5, finding over 2,000 munitions on the seafloor with no detected chemical agents or explosives. The investigation also found that sediment and water samples showed little influence from human activities.
The North Pacific branch of the conveyor belt circulation changed drastically around 17,000 years ago, potentially buffering the global impacts of the collapsed Atlantic circulation. This reorganization may have contributed to increased atmospheric CO2 concentration and accelerated glacial meltdown.
Researchers used computer simulations to study the possible spread of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Atlantic over a year. The study found that about 20% of the initial particles had been transported through the Straits of Florida and into the open Atlantic by October 2010.
Researchers discovered that asbestos exposure leads to the release of high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), which promotes tumor growth and inflammation. Elevated levels of HMGB1 in patients exposed to asbestos may enable simple serological testing to identify at-risk individuals.
Submarine canyons off the coast of Hawaiian Islands are hotspots for biodiversity and biomass, supporting unique megafauna communities. The study revealed that canyons provide an ideal habitat for mobile species to feed on accumulated organic matter, resulting in elevated abundance and diversity.
A University of Hawaii at Manoa research team has identified two distinct ocean temperature patterns that will impact regional climates, leading to increased or decreased rainfall in various regions. The findings suggest that certain areas may experience dramatic shifts in precipitation patterns, with potential consequences for global ...
Human carbon dioxide emissions impact ocean acoustics by increasing transparency to low-frequency sound, potentially affecting marine mammals' communication. The pH of surface seawater will drop by 0.6 units by 2100, leading to a 70% decrease in sound absorption.
An international team of scientists led by François Paquay found high iridium concentrations in sediments but could not replicate results. Additional lines of evidence failed to support an impact theory for the onset of the Younger Dryas cold period, contradicting a previously proposed conceptually appealing theory.
Researchers have mapped the deep origins of the Hawaiian Hotspot using a large network of sea-floor seismometers. The study provides strong support for the existence of a mantle plume beneath Hawaii, with implications for the Earth's composition and evolution over time.
Brandy Frazier's study found that preschoolers are more satisfied when they receive an explanatory answer to their questions. The research suggests that by age 2, children contribute actively to learning about the world around them.
Dr. Rolf-Peter Kudritzki, University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy director, has been awarded the Karl Schwarzschild Prize for his contributions to galaxy research. The prize recognizes his work on studying very bright stars in distant galaxies to understand their chemical composition and distance.
Daily commuting patterns in mega-cities may contribute to the resurgence of mosquito-borne diseases like dengue fever. Researchers suggest looking beyond traditional transmission clusters and considering novel ways to control community transmission.
A UH Mānoa team led by Ralf Kaiser discovered triacetylene formation in Titan's atmosphere through simulation experiments and theoretical calculations. This finding sheds light on the origin and chemical evolution of Saturn's moon, which may serve as a building block for more complex polyynes.
Astronomers have discovered a giant galaxy surrounding the most distant black hole ever found, 12.8 billion light-years from Earth. The galaxy is as large as the Milky Way and harbors a supermassive black hole with at least a billion times more matter than our sun.
A new genetic marker associated with ovarian cancer risk was discovered by a research group led by scientists from the University of Hawaii at Manoa. The marker is present among 32% of women and contributes an estimated 0.7% to ovarian cancer risk, particularly for serous carcinoma subtype.
Oceanographers at University of Hawaii at Manoa found that deeper pelagic fish have higher mercury concentrations due to their unique diets. The study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, highlights the importance of understanding the open ocean ecosystem to sustainably manage fish populations.
At Station ALOHA, ocean acidification rates have been documented over two decades, with surface acidity growing more acidic at the expected rate from chemical equilibration. However, year-to-year changes vary on seasonal and inter-annual timescales, driven by climate-induced changes in ocean mixing.
A US-based research team has assessed potential invasive snail and slug species threatening US agriculture and the environment. The study identifies key pests that could have significant impacts if introduced nationally.
Researchers studied an ancient global warming episode, known as the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, which occurred 55 million years ago. They found that the estimated amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere during this event was less than previously thought, suggesting that other mechanisms contributed to the warming.
Researchers from the University of Hawaii at Manoa conclude that shark cage diving enterprises in Hawaii have a negligible effect on public safety. The study analyzed logbook data from two Oahu operations and found no increase in shark attacks since cage diving began.
Researchers discovered that whale falls create persistent chemosynthetic habitats in surrounding sediment for over seven years. These habitats are comparable to those found at deep-sea cold seeps and hydrothermal vents.
Astronomers at the University of Hawaii have discovered a binary star-disk system with two stars surrounded by dust disks capable of forming planetary systems. The system, 253-1536, is the first known example of two optically visible stars with enough mass to form an Earth-like planet.
Research by Dr. Janet D. Latner and Dr. Alice D. Boyes investigated associations between body mass index (BMI) and relationship quality among 57 couples in New Zealand. Heavier women reported lower quality relationships, partnering with less desirable men and perceiving themselves as less attractive.
Researchers Halliday and Kwak found strong correlations between adolescent weight gain and friend BMI, but also noted that sorting on BMI contributes to these effects. The study's policy implications focus on school-based interventions to combat obesity.
A new study published in Neurology found that prenatal meth exposure is associated with abnormal white matter structure and maturation in the developing brain. This can lead to delays in developmental milestones, increased stress and lethargy, and poorer quality of movement in infants.
Phytoplankton in tropical and subtropical seas use non-phosphorus containing 'substitute lipids' that utilize sulfur instead of phosphorus, allowing them to continue growing under phosphorus stress conditions. This unique strategy has implications for the future structure and biodiversity of Hawaiian marine ecosystems.
The Nonhydrostatic ICosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) successfully simulated the lifecycles of two real tropical cyclones. The model's realistic representation of clouds and atmospheric conditions allowed it to reproduce the birth, path, and evolution of the observed cyclones.
Farming of fish in ocean cages promotes infection and lowers fitness of wild fish, leading to higher death rates. Sea lice are a major example of disease transfer in ocean fish farming, causing widespread decline of wild fish populations.