Researchers discovered that JAK/STAT signaling can change the genetic packaging of DNA, leading to the activation of previously silenced genes and contributing to cancer. This finding suggests a new mechanism for cancer development and has implications for cancer treatment.
Tiny airborne particles, similar to nanoparticles, follow a rapid and efficient pathway from the nasal cavity to various regions of the brain in rats. The study found increased gene expression signaling inflammation and cellular stress response, but it is unclear if ultrafine particle buildup causes brain damage.
Regular screening of new mothers is crucial to identify women who develop symptoms of postpartum depression throughout the year. Medication, talk therapy, and support groups are effective treatments for this condition.
New training programs teach effective pain relief techniques, increasing to 97% of doctors now equipped, up from 71% 10 years ago. The American Academy of Family Physicians and others recommend universal use of local or topical anesthetics.
A new study has found that gabapentin is as effective as estrogen in reducing hot flashes in postmenopausal women. The medication was tested against estrogen and a placebo in a randomized, double-blind trial over 12 weeks, with significant reductions in symptom severity reported.
A study of 93 patients found that more than half with clozapine treatment had metabolic syndrome, a group of conditions increasing heart disease and diabetes risk. Regular monitoring is crucial for patients taking clozapine due to its potential long-term health implications.
University of Rochester experts discuss how flu invades and responds to the body, with a focus on understanding its pathogenesis. The research aims to prevent potential modification of the flu virus for lethal use and develop more effective treatments.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center have made a groundbreaking discovery about the relationship between stress response and insulin regulation in flies. By boosting a molecular signal called JNK, they found that flies can live up to 85 days longer, opening up new avenues for understanding human diabetes and aging.
A randomized, controlled study found that exercise reduced cancer-related fatigue and improved strength during radiation treatment, with participants taking at least 12,000 steps per day. The study showed that moderate physical activity resulted in significant improvements in aerobic capacity and reduced fatigue.
Researchers are developing a new field in disaster mental health training to address the emotional needs of victims, first responders, and others affected by disasters. With funding from the DOH Grant, they have already trained 168 community-based mental health professionals and plan to expand their reach.
Researchers have discovered that astrocytes become activated when their whiskers are stimulated, sending signals to the brain. This finding challenges the long-held assumption that astrocytes don't communicate much and suggests they may be part of everyday brain function.
Dr. Jin's study focuses on the role of oxidative stress in atherosclerosis, a process that speeds up hardening of arteries in Type 2 diabetes patients. His research may lead to new drugs preventing cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients.
Researchers developed a new type of immature support cell from embryonic glial stem cells that can regenerate nerve fibers and promote healing. The study showed over 60% of sensory nerve fibers regenerating and more than two-thirds growing through the injury site in rats.
Researchers have made progress toward a new form of light-activated gene therapy for cartilage repair, which is safe and compatible with existing surgical techniques. The therapy uses UV light to target specific cells and promote tissue growth, offering hope for treating knee injuries and potentially other conditions.
Scientists at the University of Rochester Medical Center have found a mechanism to modify the effects of major drug class, potentially leading to better control of pain relief, inflammation, and heart disease. The new drugs aim to influence related signaling on the inside of cells, rather than on the outside.
Researchers argue that surgery is most effective approach in many patients, improving five-year survival rates compared to chemotherapy and radiation. The study found that en bloc esophagectomy results in fewer cancer deaths than transhiatal resection.
A recent study found that patients with minor or subsyndromal depression are five and a half times more likely to be diagnosed with major depression within a year. These less-severe conditions often go undiagnosed and untreated, causing greater functional disability among the elderly population.
Researchers found that a dose of 90 micrograms per shot was most effective in producing protective antibodies against bird flu. To make the vaccine available to more people, studies are underway to test an adjuvant called alum, which could allow for reduced doses and increased supply.
A growing body of research suggests that lead exposure in childhood accelerates bone growth, but ultimately prevents optimal peak bone mass, increasing the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Clinical study aims to better understand the role of lead in bone development and loss.
Researchers have discovered that certain proteins in the amniotic membranes can fuel an inflammatory response, leading to preterm labor. The study aims to develop a chemical test to identify effective drugs and block the TLRs to stop early labor.
A recent study found that teens who use herbal remedies are four times more likely to have used inhalants and eight times more likely to have used heroin. The study suggests that parents and healthcare providers should ask about herbal product use to identify potential substance abuse issues.
A study published in Ambulatory Pediatrics found that only 64% of parents with asthmatic children have complete no-smoking rules at home and car. Most caregivers reported being asked about smoke exposure by healthcare providers, but few were offered resources to help quit smoking.
Researchers found that repeated ECG measurements over time are more effective in identifying children at risk of life-threatening heart rhythm disorders. The study suggests re-evaluating low-risk patients with multiple ECG readings to accurately determine their risk for sudden cardiac death.
A pilot study found valproic acid slows cognitive decline in HIV-related dementia, with potential applications for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The treatment targets neuro-inflammation, a key factor in neurodegeneration.
Rochester researchers emphasize the need for more accurate and rapid diagnostic tests for concussions to improve treatment outcomes and prevent long-term neurological damage. Current CT scans are often biased, leading to underdiagnosis of significant axonal injuries.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center have developed a fast-working biosensor that can detect infectious agents in minutes, not days. The technology uses a silicon chip and digital camera to analyze changes in surface patterns when target bacteria are present.
Researchers seek to confirm that deep brain stimulation can help patients with severe obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and understand the disrupted brain network. A clinical study will examine the effects of DBS at different sites and assess treatment effectiveness.
Tetrabenazine has been shown to decrease involuntary movement by 25% and improve patient outcomes. The medication targets the excessive movements caused by the disease's mutant protein, providing relief for patients with tasks such as eating and walking.
Researchers found a direct link between aldosterone levels and the ability to hear normally as people age. Lower blood levels of aldosterone are associated with severe hearing loss, suggesting that the hormone plays a role in maintaining good hearing.
Researchers discovered that vitamin D significantly limits the ability of prostate cancer cells to invade healthy cells by reducing two key enzymes. Vitamin D also increases counterpart enzymes that inhibit these proteases, leading to reduced cancer progression.
A study by Dr. Jill Halterman found that children with severe asthma symptoms often exhibit behavioral problems, such as anxiety and difficulty focusing, which can impact their learning. The research suggests that addressing both asthma and behavior issues simultaneously is crucial for effective treatment.
The State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) has improved asthma care for low-income children in New York, resulting in fewer attacks and emergency room visits. SCHIP has increased access to necessary medications, preventative care, and affordable healthcare services.
A study by University of Rochester Medical Center researchers found no evidence of strictly memory problems in middle-aged women, but a correlation between forgetfulness and learning difficulties. The team suggests that stress, anxiety, and mood distress may contribute to perceived memory issues.
Researchers have discovered 60 new genes controlled by a specific DNA sequence, known as CArG boxes. These regulatory sequences may hold the key to understanding complex diseases such as heart failure and nerve disorders, which could lead to new treatment options.
Research by Ann Falsey and Edward Walsh finds that RSV affects elderly and high-risk adults as much as the flu, causing thousands of deaths annually. Hand washing remains ineffective in preventing RSV, despite its proven ability to prevent other infections.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center have discovered that astrocytes control blood flow in the brain, challenging the long-held assumption that neurons are the primary drivers. This finding has significant implications for our understanding of Alzheimer's disease, which may be more complex than previously thought.
Researchers found that women have a similar risk of overall mortality and sudden cardiac death following a heart attack as men. ICD therapy reduced mortality risk in both genders, with benefits estimated at 43% for women and 34% for men, according to the re-analysis of the MADIT II study.
A new study shows that shorter courses of cephalosporins are more effective than traditional antibiotics in treating strep throat, with fewer relapses and improved patient outcomes. Pediatricians recommend using these newer drugs as a first-line treatment to combat the rising rates of antibiotic resistance.
A study of young girls referred to pediatric clinics due to alleged movement disorders found that most cases were actually normal muscle contractions during masturbation. Children can be easily distracted from these episodes, and parents should not assume harm or deviancy from the behavior.
A new study challenges conventional wisdom that vaginal delivery leads to urinary incontinence later in life. Instead, research suggests an underlying genetic predisposition plays a larger role. This finding has significant implications for basic research, treatment approaches and potential prophylactic interventions.
Dental researchers discovered that cranberry juice acts like Teflon for teeth, preventing bacteria from clinging to surfaces. Cranberry juice also disrupts the formation of plaque by inhibiting enzymes that build dental plaque.
Research shows lead may cause additional long-term health problems, disrupting immune cells that fight off pathogens. An estimated 434,000 US children under age 5 have elevated lead levels in their blood.
The University of Rochester Medical Center has received two new grants to fund research on preparing for a bioterrorist attack. The grants aim to develop mathematical models and computer simulations of the human immune system's response to influenza A and smallpox, two of the worst threats. Researchers will also focus on finding ways t...
Researchers have discovered that inflammation in the brain can cause toxic nerve impulses that inflict injury on neurons and disrupt function. Chemical preconditioning, induced by small amounts of stress, may be able to prevent this damage and preserve neurologic function, offering a new path for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
A protein called TAP has been found to suppress prostate cancer growth and enhance the effects of vitamin E. High levels of TAP in normal prostate cells suggest it facilitates the transport of vitamin E into tissue and helps retain high concentrations.
A recent study has uncovered a natural quality control mechanism in cells that identifies and eliminates faulty messenger RNAs (mRNAs) containing premature stop codons, known as nonsense mutations. The mRNA-binding protein CBP80 plays a critical role in this process, allowing for the development of drug-based gene therapies to combat d...
Recent studies have shown that combining standard chemotherapy with new monoclonal antibody therapies can significantly improve survival rates for patients with follicular lymphoma. The latest study, led by Richard I. Fisher, found a 91% four-year survival rate for patients treated with this regimen.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center have successfully treated 72 patients with metastatic liver lesions using precision radiation therapy. The treatment resulted in a median survival time of 13 months, showing promise as an effective option for patients who previously had limited treatment options.
The study aims to determine the window of time when smoking delays bone healing and identify ways to prevent it. Researchers hope to develop treatments that speed up healing in persistent smokers and those with bone injuries.
A woman's fear of falling led to a psychological disorder affecting her ability to walk, but treatment helped improve her bearing and mobility. After discovering the condition was not physically related, she began walking again after six months of physical therapy and reduced medication.