Articles tagged with Research and Development
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A team of Penn State researchers has developed a method to improve regular battery management practices for lead-acid batteries used in electric locomotives. The new approach increases the cell capacity by 41 percent and overall battery capacity by 30 percent, rejuvenating dead cells and reducing sulfation.
Researchers at Aldrich Materials Science have discovered a liquid-free process to design Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs), enabling the production of high-purity MOF products suitable for sensors, detectors, and electronic/magnetic materials. The discovery extends to new classes of 3D-structured materials with unique properties.
Only a small fraction of new medicines developed between 2000 and 2011 were for the treatment of neglected diseases, highlighting significant gaps in innovation. Despite this, some progress has been made through drug reformulations and repurposing of existing drugs.
The US Navy is accelerating its research efforts in the Arctic due to rapid changes in sea ice coverage. The recent summit brought together top officials from various government agencies to share scientific ideas and form new partnerships. Experts warn that these changes could have global environmental and socio-economic consequences.
The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust is providing a $6.2 million grant to Ben-Gurion University of the Negev to establish an ABC Robotics Center, focusing on medical, service, industrial, and agricultural robotics. The center aims to develop fully autonomous robots with human-like cognitive capabilities.
Agricultural research and development investments have seen a surge in private sector spending, driving innovations in crop seed, biotechnology, and farm machinery. The USDA study shows how public-private partnerships are crucial for advancing agricultural productivity.
Grand Challenges Canada awards $100,000 grants to innovators worldwide for bold ideas to tackle health problems in resource-poor countries. Researchers are developing new technologies, such as a high-tech wristband to monitor pregnant women's vital signs and a trading system that rewards vaccination with farm inputs.
Infants exhibit remarkable rapid growth in new skills every day, with research showing that early abilities can predict later developments. For example, studies found that processing speed in infancy significantly predicted working memory and shifting ability at age 11, while memory in infancy predicted shifting ability.
A recent study found that digital tablets can significantly improve reading speed and comfort for people with moderate vision loss. Using a tablet with a back-lit screen resulted in the fastest reading speeds, with participants increasing their reading speed by 15 words-per-minute on average.
A study found that patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes often receive little information on diet and physical activity, leading to feelings of isolation. The research highlights the need for easily accessible resources and support to help patients manage their condition.
Researchers developed a new natural language processing tool to extract access control policies from customer requirements. The tool translates ACPs into machine-readable language, verifying and testing their adequacy in meeting security needs.
Autism Speaks' new affiliate, DELSIA, will develop medicines, treatments, and products from scientific research, focusing on improving quality of life for those affected by autism. DELSIA's venture philanthropy model aims to translate lab breakthroughs into real-world solutions.
A Concordia University study found that lonely older adults who use positive thinking can reverse negative health issues, reducing cortisol secretion and improving CRP levels. This suggests a positive approach to health can contribute to successful aging.
The Navy plans to reduce its fleet size and workforce due to sequestration, but will focus on investing in cutting-edge technologies like the Electromagnetic Railgun. This commitment to innovation is seen as crucial for maintaining the service's technological advantage.
The university will use the grant to build solar-powered charging stations for electric and hybrid vehicles, exploring technical, social, environmental and economic issues surrounding plug-in vehicles. The project aims to reduce air emissions and improve air quality by promoting the adoption of solar-powered charging stations.
Researchers have developed a mathematical tool to assess the thermodynamic behavior of Mediterranean courtyards, finding that they can be up to 9°C cooler than outside in summer. This allows for energy-efficient designs without sacrificing sustainability.
The Autonomous Aerial Cargo Utility System (AACUS) aims to deliver supplies quickly and safely in hostile conditions using autonomous robotic helicopters. With a smartphone-like device, warfighters can control the aircraft's takeoff, flight, and landing.
Researchers are developing a set of solutions using high performance computing to address the challenges of big data in genome research. The BIGDATA toolbox will provide core techniques, parallel algorithms and software libraries to enable researchers to adapt parallel computing techniques to high-throughput DNA sequencing.
Three USP Global Fellowship awards have been presented to Darash Desai, Jose Napolitano, and Ting Wang to develop cutting-edge solutions for counterfeit drug detection, pharmacopeial reference standards analysis, and excipient identification. The fellowship program aims to support innovative thinking and approaches to global challenges.
A Kansas State University doctoral student is developing a high-performance nanostructure of silicon coated onto carbon nanofibers to improve lithium-ion batteries. The material stores roughly 10 times the energy of current electrodes, resulting in a 10-15 percent improvement in battery technology.
Sourav Saha's research in the Journal of the American Chemical Society has led to the development of a compound that can strip electrons from toxic fluoride, producing tangible benefits for toxin detection and removal. This innovation has far-reaching potential applications in various fields, including the creation of new plastics and ...
The Brazilian Ministry of Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), and Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi) Latin America have partnered to develop new therapies and diagnostics for neglected diseases. This partnership aims to boost innovation in the field and provide new health tools to Brazil's public health programs.
Researchers at NEIKER and INRA found that BDA symptoms are a sign of esca disease, a complex disease affecting grapevine and woody plants. The study suggests that alternative treatments to sodium arsenite may be effective in controlling the disease.
Researchers have developed a rapid method to measure carbon footprints using new software that can calculate thousands of product footprints in minutes. The methodology helps companies accurately label products and design ways to reduce environmental impacts.
The Saving Brains initiative aims to improve conditions for children's development, with funding focused on malnutrition, maternal depression, premature birth, and malaria. Innovations include Kangaroo Mother Care, Vitamin A supplementation, and early treatment of malaria to prevent brain injury.
A new study published in Neurology finds that people who drink heavily (3+ drinks/day) are at higher risk for stroke almost a decade and a half earlier than those who don't. Heavy drinking is linked to a more severe form of stroke, leading to poorer long-term outcomes.
A study by Concordia researcher Holly Recchia found that children's experiences of exclusion are more diverse than previously thought, with some trying to numb negative feelings and others searching for alternatives. The study suggests age-specific interventions to help kids take responsibility for their actions and weigh different goals.
A new feasibility study suggests a generic framework for researcher professional development across Europe, overcoming deficiencies and promoting mobility. The framework aims to support researchers in their career aspirations and provide a common language for describing skills.
The software can locate and track targets of known size, such as enemy positions in combat, and those of unknown size, like rare animals without disturbance. It also tracks moving targets with speed and direction calculations.
The Office of Naval Research has recognized five engineers for their work on the electromagnetic railgun, a long-range weapons system that fires projectiles using electricity. The team's achievements include two world record launches and significant advancements to the launcher technology.
A KAIST research team has developed a high performance flexible all-solid-state battery, overcoming limitations of existing lithium-ion batteries. The breakthrough allows for the creation of fully flexible electronic systems, such as rollable displays, with improved power density and thermal stability.
Researchers created a bilinear spatiotemporal basis model that simplifies animation editing by accounting for both space and time. The model enables compact, powerful, and easy-to-manage animations with millimeter precision.
Researchers at Disney Research have created a technology called Botanicus Interactus, which enables plants to control digital devices with touch detection. This technology uses Swept Frequency Capacitive Sensing and machine-learning algorithms to recognize frequency changes associated with touches on the plant.
A new study examining the health-care expenditures after bariatric surgery found no significant association between the procedure and reduced healthcare costs. The research suggests that trends in adjusted total expenditures mirrored those of outpatient and inpatient expenditures.
The Navy's Universal Gateway collapses 30 network connections into a single portal, automating data integration and enhancing information assurance. This improves the accuracy of real-time information for warfighters, reducing errors and increasing efficiency.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have developed a powerful new technique for manipulating building-block molecules, enabling the creation of new drugs and organic chemicals. The method allows for controlled selectivity and reaction efficiency, overcoming technical obstacles that previously limited its use.
Research found that women who spent long periods standing during pregnancy had slower fetal growth rates, with an average head circumference reduction of 1 cm. Long working hours were not consistently associated with restrictions on fetal development or premature birth, but excessive work may impact birth weight.
A study by researchers at the University of Washington found that higher neighborhood density improves single-family home values. The study also discovered a positive association between proximity to retail and multifamily rental property values, highlighting the economic value of walkable neighborhoods.
CYGNSS will study tropical cyclones' formation and intensification by analyzing ocean surface properties, atmospheric thermodynamics, and radiation. The mission aims to advance hurricane forecasting and tracking methods.
Berkeley Lab's Laser Ablation Molecular Isotopic Spectrometry (LAMIS) technology enables remote chemical analysis on other planets, while the Compact Variable Collimator (CVC) improves X-ray beam shaping for protein crystallography. The Multinozzle Emitter Array (MEA) accelerates biomedical research by analyzing biomolecules in microfl...
Six international research projects worth $16.5 million aim to develop practical solutions to combat hunger and food insecurity in developing countries. These projects, funded by IDRC and CIDA, team up Canadian and developing-country scientists to create lasting impact.
Four Argonne National Laboratory-developed technologies have been awarded R dashD 100 honors, including Globus Online for big data research and three battery materials for plug-in hybrids and all-electric vehicles.
The GTRI's automated pavement crack detection and sealing system can detect cracks as small as one-eighth-inch wide and efficiently fill them, increasing road structural integrity and extending repaving project time. The system requires fewer personnel and increases roadway coverage per day, saving transportation departments money.
A team of Japanese researchers developed a new method to 'heal' defects in gallium nitride (GaN) using hydrogen radicals. The process restored photoluminescence to nearly normal levels after chlorine plasma etching, improving optical and electrical performance.
A study by researchers from TU Delft and the University of Groningen found that contemporary body-powered prosthetic hands perform equally or less well than those from 1987, with insufficient grip strength required to operate them. The study suggests that user overload problems may be a result of excessive operating force, highlighting...
Researchers at the University of Arizona are developing a visualization system to detect suspicious network activity in real-time, using a geographic map metaphor to facilitate human analysis. The system aims to provide quick high-level information to non-experts and comprehensive data to experts, while also offering customization opti...
Researchers found that rotavirus incidence is higher during the coldest, driest months of the year in South Asia. They also discovered an association between rotavirus and vegetation density, suggesting a potential tool for disease surveillance and prevention.
A Category Tree system would categorize products based on tested human studies and health benefits, forcing companies to conduct research or change product labels. This system aims to improve transparency and facilitate further research in North America and Europe.
Researchers at the US Army Research Laboratory developed a novel processing technology that enabled commercial production of advanced Soldier head protection. The new helmets offer improved weight reduction and increased durability, with some models already fielded to Special Operations Forces.
The John Innes Centre receives Grand Challenges Explorations grant for a groundbreaking research project aimed at developing new ways of protecting crops from insects and associated diseases. The project, led by Dr Saskia Hogenhout, involves generating whitefly-resistant plants using RNAi molecules.
Researchers at Brown University have made significant advances in brain-computer interfaces, allowing people with paralysis to control robotic arms in three-dimensional space. Participants were able to perform tasks such as reaching for foam targets, picking up objects, and even serving themselves coffee using only their brain signals.
An international convention on global health R&D is recommended by the WHO expert group to secure a systemic solution. The proposed convention aims to create a formalized platform for R&D coordination, pooling financial investments and holding countries accountable for their actions.
An international treaty is proposed to address global health research and development issues, ensuring coherence, fairness, efficiency, and sustainability. The treaty aims to provide fair contributions and benefit sharing from all countries, generating a globally sustainable system.
A team of researchers, led by Professor Todd Coleman, has been awarded a Grand Challenges Explorations grant to develop flexible tattoo-like devices for continuous pregnancy monitoring. The devices, which use skin-mounted electronics systems, aim to detect signs and symptoms of pre-term labor in a reliable and non-invasive manner.
Researchers at OHSU and ONPRC have created a new animal model for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which displays human-like symptoms in mice. The model uses a mutated form of the SynCAM1 gene, found in glial cells, to mimic the condition.
The University of California, Riverside has received a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to develop a low-cost method for detecting biotic stresses in maize crops. This project aims to use a simple, home pregnancy test-like technology to visually alarm farmers to take action against devastating losses.
The Office of Naval Research is developing a solid-state laser weapon prototype with multi-mission capabilities. The program aims to provide Sailors with a non-lethal defense against small boat threats and aerial targets.
A new happiness model developed by a MU researcher identifies two key components: the need for new positive experiences and appreciation for what already exists. The model suggests ways to reduce the 'let down' from material purchases and helps individuals train themselves to stay at their highest possible range of happiness.
Three new rootstocks, Zentmyer, Steddom, and Uzi, have demonstrated superior tolerance to Phytophthora root rot (PRR), a devastating disease affecting avocado production globally. The rootstocks offer improved yields and salt tolerance, enabling growers to manage PRR effectively.
The UK Space Agency has granted nearly £6 million to support four major research and development consortium projects led by Astrium Ltd, Avanti Communications Ltd, DMC International Imaging Ltd, and Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. The projects focus on developing commercial products and services using space technology and data.