Articles tagged with Research and Development
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A team of statisticians from Duke University received a $3 million grant to develop statistical methods for making US Census Bureau data available to researchers and the public. The Triangle Census Research Network will preserve anonymity while improving data quality and linking it to related sources.
A team at Georgia Tech developed an operations research model that helped CARE International pick three locations worldwide to supply relief quickly to victims of earthquakes, floods, and other natural disasters. The model considered capacity constraints and recommended a gradual roll-out plan, enabling CARE to reduce response time, pr...
Researchers have developed a mathematical framework that can turn road vibrations and airport runway noise into electrical energy. By altering the shape of grain-to-grain contact areas between particles, it is possible to change how energy moves, allowing for controllable energy channeling.
Vanessa Oliveira, Portuguese researcher, develops strategy to reprogramme immune system of hemophilia patients. Her project aims to improve treatment efficacy by inducing patient's immune tolerance towards therapeutic clotting factors.
Independent reviews report that many new drugs offer few advantages over existing ones, with median development costs ranging from $13 million to $333 million. This challenges the oft-quoted cost of bringing a new drug to market as high as $1.32 billion.
A study by Kalman Geyer found that companies participating in the EUREKA program experienced a 28% annual increase in sales volume and a 20% or more annual increase in employment, compared to similar non-participating companies. The survey revealed significant results on the impact of EUREKA participation in both parameters.
Over 220 cooperative R&D projects have been approved and supported by EUREKA since Israel's Chairmanship year in July 2010, totaling 320 million Euros of investment. The program has achieved significant successes in areas such as renewable energy, agrofood technology, biotechnology, and IT.
A four-fold increase in global malaria R&D funding has generated the strongest pipeline of control and prevention products in history. However, sustaining this momentum requires modest increases in annual funding, which could lead to a larger jump by 2016.
A new software program allows neuroscientists to produce single brain images from hundreds of individual studies, reducing the time-consuming process. The tool uses meta-analysis to extract brain scan images and analyze them rapidly.
Brookhaven National Laboratory has won two R&D 100 Awards for its innovative imaging devices that enhance x-ray fluorescence techniques and multimodal optical nanoprobe technology. These advancements enable researchers to study materials with greater depth and coverage, reducing experimental time by hours.
DANA, a hybrid system developed by Aqwise and Westt B.V., treats industrial wastewater with lower costs and environmental footprint. The technology, facilitated by EUREKA's collaborative funding model, achieves significant financial savings and greenhouse gas emissions reductions.
A study by Penn State researchers found that companies that export and invest in research and development are significantly more productive than those that don't. These firms can gain a competitive edge by learning from their customers and accessing foreign markets.
A new method developed by North Carolina State University researchers can accurately predict player behavior in online role-playing games, including World of Warcraft. The tool uses data-driven predictive modeling to identify groups of achievements that are closely related and can predict future behavior with up to 80% accuracy.
Researchers have developed a new method called ExpertLens to gather and analyze opinions from experts and laypeople, leveraging online and social media technologies. The system has performed well in early tests and could have wide application across various fields such as public policy, healthcare, finance, and marketing.
A new study found that fetal exposure to BPA changes the development of the uterus in female primates. The research suggests that oral and subcutaneous forms of BPA can alter gene expression and affect uterine cell development.
The EUREKA IPC Resolution aims to expand services to support R&D through all phases of value change. This includes becoming an investment promotion centre to interact with public and private financial stakeholders.
EUREKA's new 'E!nnoVest' platform helps investors find highly-qualified SMEs and start-ups with innovative technology-based projects. The web tool supports the introduction of products to markets, addressing market failure in preliminary R&D stages.
Researchers found that preharvest rainfall and firm fruit are key factors contributing to blueberry splitting. The study also showed that some cultivars, like 'Premier,' have a lower incidence of splitting than others, such as widely grown 'Tifblue.'
Three teams from Ben-Gurion University won the second annual Israeli Mobile Challenge, developing an Android-based application that enables users to simulcast music to nearby WiFi devices. The winning application, "Mobile Party," was developed by students from BGU's Department of Communications Systems Engineering.
Pitt researchers created a mouse model of major depressive disorder (MDD) using a rare genetic mutation. The model exhibits alterations in brain anatomy, gene expression, behavior, and increased infant mortality, supporting the role of the genetic variant in MDD development.
TDR, a UN program, has won the 2011 Gates Award for its impact in advancing research efforts worldwide to fight neglected diseases. It supports and advocates research, reducing leprosy to elimination and river blindness, and continues work on dengue, tuberculosis, and other diseases.
The CHEO Research Institute has developed a secure protocol to protect patient identity while facilitating the sharing of health data for public health purposes. The new system enables providers to report diseases to authorities without fear of retribution, promoting accurate disease control and outbreak detection.
A study of 1,000 stroke survivors found high levels of disability immediately post-stroke, with a significant proportion experiencing moderate to severe disability up to 10 years later. The research highlights the importance of long-term management strategies for stroke survivors.
A new organocatalyst, Hua Cat, developed at Oregon State University is now available for commercial use, promising to make new drug development less costly and more environmentally friendly. The catalyst has shown great promise in various applications, including the treatment of cancer, heart disease, and infectious diseases.
New research finds that teens use peers as a metric for autonomy, with younger girls wanting more freedom than older boys. Teens consistently overestimate their peers' levels of autonomy, assuming they have more freedoms than themselves.
The new PaperPhone prototype boasts a flexible iPhone-like design, allowing users to interact with it by bending or flipping corners. This invention heralds a paperless office era, where lightweight and thin-film computers replace traditional devices, offering a power-efficient and interactive experience.
The 3D TESTBENCH project aims to overcome complexity in software-intensive systems by developing an adaptive tool for the integrating phase. The system, featuring a 3D wall display, highlights potential conflicts and optimizes workflows for collaborative engineering environments.
Researchers have developed a genetic model of premature aging disorders in zebrafish, which can be used to screen and develop compounds to treat these conditions. The model reveals that a specific gene mutation leads to accelerated aging in the fish, providing new insights into age-related diseases.
A consortium of experts has developed a web-based platform to share tools and knowledge in hardware security and trust, aiming to establish criteria for determining IC trustworthiness and develop universal solutions for IC security.
A study by UC Riverside finds that managers' conceptions of employees can be self-fulfilling prophecies affecting job satisfaction, relationships, and trust. Leaders with positive conceptions tend to treat their employees positively, while those with negative conceptions have a negative impact on followers.
The NYU Courant Institute is developing a bird-sized, self-flying plane with AI-powered vision for navigation. The plane will use convolutional networks to quickly interpret its environment and navigate through forests and urban environments.
Biochemist Yingfu Li and his research team have developed a universal test that can quickly identify any bacteria, reducing the time for detection from days to hours. This breakthrough could help safeguard the health of Canadians and supply industry with a reliable means to bring safe food products to consumers.
The Infectious Diseases Society of America warns that antibiotic-resistant super bugs threaten public health, citing a need for urgent action. The organization recommends initiatives to combat resistance, including incentivizing R&D, recalibrating FDA requirements, and promoting judicious use of antibiotics.
Scientists at the University of Southampton have developed three new technologies to aid in stroke rehabilitation. The 'tactile' devices mimic everyday sensations, such as holding a hot cup of tea, to help patients regain movement in their arms and hands.
Extracurricular activities affect children's and adolescents' mental health, with excessive involvement linked to depression, loneliness, and risky behavior. Research explores the threshold effect beyond which benefits stabilize or decline.
Researchers found optimal light and temperature conditions for Tecoma stans, a flowering shrub native to Central and South America. The plant requires 14+ hours of light per day and supplemental lighting, making it an energy-intensive crop.
The Human Frontier Science Program has awarded 85 Fellowships to young scientists from around the world. The Long-Term and Cross-Disciplinary Fellows will receive training in 12 different countries, while Career Development Awards support their transition to independence.
A new study finds that corruption can help companies develop organizational capabilities to operate successfully in corrupt environments, leading to more success when investing internationally. The study identifies various strategies firms use to capitalize on corruption, including political networking and joint venturing.
A new model developed by Sheldon Jacobson predicts the most likely Final Four combinations based on seedings, rather than team performance. The model suggests that choosing a combination of two top-seeded teams, a No. 2 seed, and a No. 3 seed is the best bet for winning the office pool.
The new instrument, developed at UCSB, can detect nanoparticles in fluid at rates of up to half a million particles per second. It measures the volume of each nanoparticle for rapid and precise size analysis of complex mixtures.
Steve Plimpton's development of LAMMPS molecular-dynamics software has led to over 65,000 downloads and 1,000 journal articles citing the code. The open-source software can model materials at various scales, from atomic to macroscopic systems.
Cold plasma technology is being used to keep mould at bay for longer in soft fruit, with results showing an extra five days of shelf-life. This innovation has the potential to reduce waste and losses in the industry, benefiting producers and customers alike.
The American Thoracic Society's new report highlights the need for research on incorporating ambulatory management of obstructive sleep apnea into healthcare systems. Portable monitor testing is limited by lack of standardization and high costs, with studies needed to demonstrate its efficacy and cost-effectiveness.
The University of Washington is developing design tools and using commercial nanofabrication tools to create inexpensive next-generation silicon-based electro-optical chips. The Air Force Office of Scientific Research is funding this effort to improve data communications, lasers, and detectors.
EUREKA's High Level Group Representatives approved 25 viable technologies and products, totaling €33 million investment. Israel is a key player, with six Israeli partners representing nearly 25% of the total.
A global shift in research will reposition the US as a major partner but not leader, according to Penn State researcher Caroline Wagner. The US could benefit from this shift by adopting knowledge-sharing policies with emerging global researchers.
Three Canadian researchers present innovative findings on the cognitive benefits of bilingualism, the early stages of language acquisition, and the neurological basis of stuttering. Their work has significant implications for our understanding of human brain function and development.
Rep. Rush Holt is recognized for his strong support of investments in research and development, education, and expanding America's scientific workforce. He has advocated for scientists, students of STEM fields, and promoted economic growth through initiatives like Einstein's Alley.
The Fraunhofer Institute's Government Mashups research project utilizes mobile applications and GPS coordinates to facilitate the reporting of problems, such as potholes, to government departments. This allows for real-time tracking of communications and identification of duplicate reports, streamlining issue resolution.
The STABCON project developed a cost-effective solution for treating polluted sediments in ports, using the stabilisation and solidification method. The method involves mixing contaminated sediments with products that bind them to create a solid material containing hazardous substances, reducing environmental harm and costs.
Scientists at University of Nottingham investigate how microorganisms in blue cheese develop distinctive taste, texture, and smell. They aim to improve quality, consistency, and reduce defects in manufacturing process.
Hal Caswell has been awarded the 2010 Humboldt Research Award for his significant contributions to understanding population dynamics and demography. He will use this award to collaborate with researchers in Germany, focusing on evolutionary biology and human aging.
The MalERA initiative outlines priority research areas for eight thematic areas, including basic science and enabling technologies; drugs; vaccines; vector control; health systems; and more. The collection identifies common research priorities across themes, providing a roadmap for malaria eradication.
Grand Challenges Canada and Canadian partners have joined forces to tackle Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) affecting over 1 billion people worldwide. Researchers will develop new drugs using compounds from African botanical and microbial sources, collaborating with African scientists.
A Concordia University study reveals that younger adults are quicker to respond when faced with an unexpected event, whereas older adults take longer to adapt. This finding has implications for educators and older adults in situations where performance is crucial.
The new simulator will take into account the unique physics of fluid flow and storage in shale gas reservoirs. OU researchers aim to address concerns about water production and its impact on shallow aquifers.
Researchers found that business-to-business products firms and consumer services firms benefit from increased R&D spending during recessions. Consumer goods firms do not obtain positive stock returns from R&D spending, while those with high market share and low financial leverage decrease their profits with increased advertising spending.
Researchers at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center analyzed 42 northeastern US cities, finding that densely-developed cities with compact cores produce strong urban heat islands. The study also showed that forested regions and dark city infrastructure contribute to the development of heat islands.
A Purdue University research team developed a nanoparticle that can hold and release an antimicrobial agent, preserving its effectiveness against Listeria monocytogenes for up to three weeks. The nanoparticle attracts and stabilizes nisin, a food-based antimicrobial peptide, allowing for extended use in foods susceptible to Listeria.
The DFG is establishing ten new Research Training Groups to provide doctoral researchers with a structured research and qualification programme. The groups cover topics such as cellular responses to ionising radiation, interactions during market regulation, and psychological development risks in children and adolescents.