Articles tagged with Chemotherapy
A new study found that 84% of patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia or their parents over-reported adherence to a regimen of 6-mercaptopurine, an oral maintenance therapy. Forgetfulness was the primary reason for non-adherence, and parental involvement improved adherence rates.
A new treatment approach uses a single dose of chemotherapy to select patients for chemo-radiation or surgery, resulting in near-80% survival rates. This method tailors treatments to individual tumor biology and patient characteristics, improving quality of life and reducing complications.
Researchers at SLU are working on a potential cure for hepatitis B, building on recent advances and partnering with experts in medicinal chemistry. The goal is to develop a new drug that can kill the virus, reducing levels to zero to cure patients.
Researchers have documented epigenetic changes in sperm of men who underwent chemotherapy in their teens, potentially affecting tissue health in subsequent generations. The study suggests that preserving sperm before undergoing chemotherapy may be necessary to mitigate these effects.
Researchers found a naturally occurring hormone, Mullerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS), can halt the development of ovarian follicles, protecting them from chemotherapy-induced damage. This reversible contraceptive method preserves the ovarian reserve and could be applied to modern fertility treatments.
A new immunotherapy, pembrolizumab, has shown significant activity against mucosal melanoma tumors and prolonged survival in patients with bladder cancer. The treatment demonstrated a response rate of 16% and improved overall survival rates compared to chemotherapy.
Younger patients with colon cancer are nearly 2 to 8 times more likely to receive postoperative chemotherapy than older patients, yet no added survival benefit is seen for these patients. The study's findings suggest overtreatment of young and middle-aged adults with colon cancer.
A UK-led clinical trial has successfully prolonged survival for pancreatic cancer patients by at least five years using a combination of chemotherapy drugs. The study found that patients who received this treatment had a 29% five-year survival rate compared to 16% for those on standard treatment.
Inflammation in mice brains and spleens differed depending on when chemotherapy drugs were administered, according to Ohio State University researchers. The study's findings could lead to more effective treatment strategies and reduced side effects for cancer patients.
Researchers found that African-American breast cancer patients who receive chemotherapy prior to surgery exhibit reduced regional and distant tumor recurrence rates. Early-stage patients with African-American ancestry display higher tumor recurrence rates compared to European-Americans.
Researchers have identified multiple targets for Chagas disease chemotherapy, including ergosterol biosynthesis pathway and cruzipain, a key cysteine protease. Novel synthesized anti-T.cruzi compounds with specific single or multi-target assigned have also been described, highlighting potential for effective treatment.
Researchers at the Buck Institute found that chemotherapy induces widespread cellular senescence, contributing to persistent inflammation and cancer recurrence. Eliminating senescent cells reduced side effects, including fatigue, bone marrow suppression, and toxicity, in mice treated with common chemotherapy drugs.
Scientists found that models with only two variables work best in combining drugs, reducing the risk of overfitting. The algorithm can be used to optimize various types of drug combinations, including those with multiple biological molecules.
Researchers from Goethe University Frankfurt discovered a novel biomarker, SAMHD1, that enables accurate prediction of therapy responders and non-responders in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients. This biomarker can guide cytarabine-based chemotherapies to only those patients likely to respond, sparing others from toxic side effects.
A new Yale study suggests that delaying chemotherapy after lung cancer surgery can lead to similar outcomes and lower risk of death. The research found that initiation between 57-127 days post-surgery had a similar impact as traditional timing, indicating a potential benefit for patients.
A recent study published in JAMA Oncology suggests that chemotherapy can still benefit patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who recover slowly from surgery. The study found that delaying chemotherapy by up to four months did not increase the risk of death and may even lower it compared to earlier treatment.
Researchers at UNC-Chapel Hill have developed a breakthrough technique that uses light to activate a drug stored in circulating red blood cells. This method could drastically reduce the amount of a drug needed to treat disease and thus side effects.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine found that a subgroup of glioblastoma patients with highly vascularized tumors benefited from anti-angiogenic therapies, living an average of one year longer than those without. The study highlights the importance of properly categorizing tumors to personalize treatment.
Researchers found that localized chemotherapy delivered directly to the brain improved survival rates in mice with glioblastoma when combined with immunotherapy. The study suggests that systemic chemotherapy weakens the immune system and may hinder its ability to fight tumors.
Researchers developed a blood test to predict ovarian cancer patients' response to chemotherapy using tumour DNA levels. The test identified patients whose tumour DNA count dropped by more than half after one cycle of chemotherapy as those likely to respond well to treatment.
A routine blood test can predict how long cancer patients in palliative care will survive, researchers report. The Six Adaptable Prognostic models use three laboratory measurements to estimate death within 1-6 months, allowing physicians to re-evaluate prognosis at any time point.
A study found that cancer patients with depression have lower levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), making them less responsive to chemotherapy. Low BDNF levels are associated with reduced treatment tolerance and poorer outcomes.
Researchers present first data on rare sarcomas in Asian patients, showing poor overall survival rates. Chemotherapy improves survival in advanced cases, but treatment rates remain low, with physician-related factors possibly at play.
Researchers have identified a new way of blocking cancer cell invasion using calcium channel blockers, which can stop breast and pancreatic cancer from spreading. The team discovered that these drugs target the sticky finger-like structures on cancer cells, rendering them inactive.
A University of Alberta study found that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) decrease capecitabine's effectiveness in gastric cancer treatment, reducing progression-free survival by over a month and overall survival by two months. PPIs can also affect colorectal cancer treatment efficacy.
A new study from Lund University found that women with a high expression of the ER-beta estrogen receptor in their tumours had better outcomes after undergoing chemotherapy. The research could lead to more frequent check-ups and additional treatment for high-risk patients.
Researchers have developed a lab device that enables early assessment of drug effects against cancer tumors, speeding up the adoption of therapeutically effective treatments. The microfluidic system allows for real-time monitoring of cell responses to drugs in a more accurate 3D model than traditional 2D cells.
Researchers review newly discovered anticancer molecules and their interactions with DNA, aiming to improve chemotherapy efficiency. New cancer treatment strategies also emerge, targeting tumor cell cycles and promoting apoptosis.
Patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer survived four months longer on immunotherapy drug atezolizumab compared to chemotherapy, with atezolizumab also having fewer side effects. The trial found that the drug worked best for patients with high levels of PD-L1 protein, doubling their survival.
The technology platform, Phenotypic Personalized Medicine, uses visual representations to identify optimal drug and dose combinations for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This approach reduces side effects while maintaining or enhancing efficacy, offering a game-changer for cancer treatment.
A study presented at EuroEcho-Imaging 2016 found that chemotherapy caused heart damage in cancer patients with diabetes, leading to a higher risk of heart failure. The researchers also discovered that patients with diabetes experienced a significant decrease in global longitudinal strain, an early predictor of heart failure.
A new study at SABCS finds EndoPredict, a second-generation test, superior to Oncotype Dx in predicting breast cancer recurrence. The test accurately identified patients with low risk of recurrence, allowing them to forgo chemotherapy.
Supportive care, including pain relief and medication to prevent side effects, remains insufficient for many cancer patients, especially those on government-funded schemes in India. This can lead to delayed treatment cycles and poor quality of life. Researchers emphasize the need for better policies and access to effective treatments.
Researchers at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center developed a model that can predict which triple negative breast cancer patients will respond to chemotherapy. The model was moderately successful, accurately predicting response in 68% of cases with pathologic complete response.
Patients with large breast tumors and no axillary lymph node signs before chemotherapy showed low risk of recurrence with SLNB. Follow-up data revealed high disease-free survival rates comparable to ALND, suggesting SLNB as a safe alternative.
The study found no difference in progression-free survival among patients receiving standard care, additional chemotherapy, or a second round of autoHCT. Researchers suggest that adding new therapies to the standard treatment may not provide significant benefits for patients with multiple myeloma.
A combination of brentuximab vedotin and nivolumab has been found to be safe and effective in treating recurrent Hodgkin lymphoma, with 64% of patients experiencing significant tumor reduction. The therapy has manageable side effects and shows promise as an alternative curative regimen for relapsed disease.
A Phase IB/II study found that combining nivolumab with azacitidine improved response rates (34%) and overall survival (9.3 months) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia, compared to a historic response rate of 12-15% with azacitidine alone.
A combination therapy of thioguanine and decitabine has shown promising results in a small Phase I clinical trial for patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Eight out of 12 patients responded to the treatment, including six who achieved complete remission.
A proposed biosimilar drug has shown equivalent results to trastuzumab in treating metastatic breast cancer. The study's findings suggest that a biosimilar treatment option could increase global access to biologic cancer therapies, particularly for women in non-high-income countries.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have identified a unique genomic signature and chromosomal changes that drive sensitivity to chemotherapy in testicular tumors. The findings suggest that testicular cancers are already primed for self-destruction, making them highly susceptible to treatment.
Researchers at the University of Washington have developed a new nanocarrier system that can deliver chemotherapy drugs and imaging molecules to tumors, sparing healthy tissue from toxic side effects. The hybrid nanocarriers can also provide sustained imaging for months, enabling doctors to visualize tumors more effectively.
Researchers discovered that low-dose chemotherapy regimens can prevent the secretion of proteins by fibroblast cells surrounding tumors, reducing the likelihood of tumor recurrence. Mice with breast or pancreatic cancer treated with these regimens survived longer than those receiving high-dose chemotherapy.
A University of Liverpool research team has discovered that tumour-associated macrophages and fibroblasts secrete insulin-like growth factors, which activate a survival signalling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells, making them resistant to chemotherapy. This mechanism is found in 72% of patients, paving the way for new therapeutic tar...
A synthetic version of diazonamide, produced by UCLA chemists, shows promise in treating various types of cancer while minimizing harm. The compound DZ-2384 disrupts the mitotic spindle, allowing it to target growing cancer cells without harming healthy ones.
Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) have shown efficacy and acceptable toxicity, surpassing radionuclide conjugates in certain tumor types. Targeting cancer stem cells may further improve treatment outcomes.
Researchers found that tailored dose-dense chemotherapy did not improve 5-year breast cancer recurrence-free survival, overall survival, or distant disease-free survival compared to standard chemotherapy. However, the tailored group experienced more nonhematologic toxic effects.
Researchers at Georgia Tech develop a targeted therapy using nanoparticles to deliver short interfering RNA that knocks down EGFR protein, leading to massive reduction or complete eradication of ovarian cancer tumors. The treatment, combined with chemotherapy, shows promising results in limited in vivo tests on mice.
Researchers at IDIBELL have found a common cause of multiple resistance in cancer chemotherapy, highlighting the loss of TP53TG1 molecule as a key driver. This discovery has significant implications for understanding treatment failure and may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome chemoresistance.
Researchers at the University of Georgia have discovered a drug combination that targets mitotic slippage, allowing for complete cell death and improving chemotherapy's effectiveness. The study focuses on inactivating CRL2-ZYG11, which promotes mitosis, and has potential to treat various cancers.
A study found that breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy with high genetic susceptibility had the highest risk of VTE. The one-year cumulative incidence of VTE was 9.5% in these patients, compared to 1.3% in those without high genetic susceptibility.
Researchers have developed a powerful screening method to identify drugs that more effectively target and kill pre-leukemic stem cells. By mimicking the bone marrow environment in a drug screening assay, they identified a compound called 2-methyoxyestradiol that reduces survival of pre-leukemic cells without affecting normal cells.
A research team has solved the three-dimensional structure of PrimPol, a key protein that helps damaged cellular DNA repair itself. The knowledge gained from this study will likely aid in designing anti-cancer agents.
A new study found that a genetic test assessing breast cancer recurrence risk is being used to guide chemotherapy decisions in early-stage breast cancer patients. The test, which looks at 21 genes known to increase the risk of cancer recurrence, has been shown to align treatment recommendations with individual patient profiles.
A study found that tumor genome testing helped physicians identify patients who could benefit from chemotherapy, while those for whom it could be safely omitted received personalized recommendations. The test eliminated racial/ethnic disparities in testing or treatment, but many women inaccurately recalled their results.
Research suggests that inhibiting autophagy can improve chemotherapy's immune-targeting effects without compromising overall immune system function. In mouse models, autophagy inhibitors did not disrupt the immune response to tumors during chemotherapy.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine found that chemotherapy kills urothelial cancer cells but shapes their genetic evolution, leading to drug-resistant cell clones. This study provides a framework for understanding the biological basis of chemotherapy resistance in bladder cancer and may lead to improved diagnostics and treatments.
Researchers explore using human pluripotent stem cells to identify cardiotoxicity risks in patients taking chemotherapy agents and other drugs. This approach may boost the number of successful clinical trials for cardiovascular disease treatments.
Researchers from the Repurposing Drugs in Oncology project found that propranolol has significant anti-cancer properties, particularly in angiosarcoma. The study highlights the potential of propranolol to act on multiple points of the metastatic cascade, reducing metastatic spread and saving lives.
A MGH team found that treating metastatic colorectal cancer with antiangiogenic drugs increases extracellular matrix components and stiffness, contributing to treatment resistance. Antiangiogenic therapy also attracts suppressor immune cells, reducing the immune response against tumors.