Articles tagged with Chemotherapy
Research in mice and tissue cultures suggests that vitamin C enhances the killing power of first-line TB drugs, isoniazid and rifampicin. The combination reduces organ burdens faster than the drugs alone, with a potential to shorten TB chemotherapy duration.
PharmaMar has signed a commercialization and distribution license agreement with Megapharm Ltd. for the marine-derived anticancer drug Aplidin² (plitidepsin) in Israel and the Palestinian Authority. The agreement allows for registration and distribution of Aplidn², providing access to a novel therapy for multiple myeloma patients.
Researchers have discovered that experimental diabetes drugs can make cancer cells more vulnerable to traditional chemotherapy agents. The combination of carboplatin and one of the experimental compounds, SR1664, sensitized lung tumor cells and triple-negative breast cancer cells in laboratory models, leading to reduced tumor growth.
A study by Imperial College London has discovered that a drug used to treat iron overload can protect bone marrow areas and allow blood stem cells to survive. This can improve the efficiency of chemotherapy, increasing the five-year survival rate for AML patients over 60 to 5-15 per cent.
Patients with glioblastoma who received TTFields therapy plus chemotherapy had better overall survival and progression-free survival compared to those receiving chemotherapy alone. The study showed significant improvement in treatment outcomes for this aggressive brain tumor.
Researchers identified mutational signatures characteristic of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) as associated with improved clinical outcomes to platinum-based chemotherapy. High HRDetect scores were significantly linked to radiographic tumor shrinkage and longer overall survival in patients treated with the medication.
Researchers at Hong Kong Baptist University developed a new generation of smart anti-cancer drug molecules by connecting a tumor-targeting aptamer with a plant-derived cytotoxic drug. The resulting aptamer-drug conjugate shows excellent antitumor activity and decreased toxicity in experiments using a mouse model.
Researchers at iMM found that certain molecular signals allow cancer cells to survive chemotherapy by altering mitochondrial metabolism. Using VEGF-blocking drugs, they were able to render these cells vulnerable to chemotherapy.
Researchers have found that combining pembrolizumab with high-dose chemotherapy can lead to complete remissions in a significant percentage of relapsed acute myeloid leukemia patients. The study suggests that identifying biomarkers for patients responding to pembrolizumab may improve treatment outcomes.
A Stanford-led study of nearly 3,000 women with early stage breast cancer reveals a significant decline in chemotherapy use between 2013 and 2015, from 34.5% to 21.3%. This decrease reflects a growing trend towards personalized treatment approaches, with physicians increasingly considering tumor genomic testing to guide treatment choices.
A study showed that treating younger patients with a combination of chemotherapy and a molecularly targeted drug significantly improves response over traditional chemotherapy alone. The therapy combination resulted in a complete response rate of 37% compared to 20% historically, with ongoing maintenance showing deepened responses.
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania's Abramson Cancer Center have shown encouraging results in treating multiple myeloma patients with CAR T cell therapy and an experimental monoclonal antibody. The studies targeted the B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) receptor, which is highly expressed in myeloma cells.
A Phase 1 trial of the targeted agent BLU-285 demonstrated rapid and durable responses with minimal adverse effects in patients with advanced systemic mastocytosis. The study found that 72% of evaluable patients achieved an overall response, with 100% having disease control.
A phase II trial shows that combining olaparib, a PARP inhibitor, with durvalumab, an immunotherapy drug, achieves 80% disease control at 12 weeks. The treatment is well-tolerated and produces fewer serious side effects compared to chemotherapy.
The combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy significantly improves progression-free survival in patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC. The study showed that the addition of atezolizumab to bevacizumab and chemotherapy leads to a median PFS of 8.3 months, compared to 6.8 months with bevacizumab and chemotherapy alone.
A new treatment combines traditional chemotherapy with a relatively new cancer drug that targets chemo-resistant tumor cells, loaded into tiny nanoparticles. The treatment shows promise for improving survival rates for endometrial cancer patients and could be used to treat other cancers as well.
Researchers used AI to analyze over 800 natural compounds for similarities in safety and gene-level similarity to metformin and rapamycin. Novel candidate mimetics of these compounds, such as allantoin and ginsenoside, were identified with potential less adverse effects.
Research reveals that cancer survivors experience difficulty conceiving and increased embryo loss, while their children's health remains unaffected. The study highlights the need for continued monitoring across multiple generations to understand the long-term effects of chemotherapy.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University developed a new method to improve chemotherapy nanodrug delivery by using an FDA-approved nutrition source. This approach reduces toxic side-effects and increases the amount of drugs reaching tumor cells.
Researchers at Imperial College London conducted a clinical trial using immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab on four patients with multi-drug resistant GTD. The study found that three out of four patients went into remission, with no signs of cancer recurrence for between five months to over two years.
Researchers at Saint Louis University have discovered a new defense mechanism in BRCA-deficient cancer cells that allows them to survive and thrive despite chemotherapy drugs. The study reveals the role of nucleases in degrading DNA replication forks, leading to increased chemotherapy sensitivity.
Researchers discovered that these antimalarial drugs make tumour cells more sensitive to cancer treatment, suggesting potential benefits for certain cancer patients. The findings have sparked excitement among scientists, who are now eagerly awaiting the results of ongoing clinical studies.
Researchers found that breast cancer tumors impair learning and memory in mice before chemotherapy, suggesting cancer progression causes 'chemo brain' symptoms. After chemotherapy, cancer and drug therapy contribute to cognitive impairment.
A new data mining approach has identified the key publications that drove the development of five major anti-cancer drugs, revealing the importance of research collaboration, grants, and publications in breakthroughs. The study's findings have implications for research institutions planning collaborative efforts.
A Cornell study reveals that testicular cancer's responsiveness to chemotherapy is due to its stem cells, which are more sensitive to treatment. The research provides new insights into the basis for this phenomenon and may lead to better treatments for other cancers.
A report by the University of Birmingham calls for policymakers to focus on measurable objectives and simple language in their action plans. The current EU and UK plans have been criticized for lacking specificity and consistency, making it difficult to track progress and evaluate success.
Researchers found that adipocytes can metabolize daunorubicin, making it less toxic to leukemia cells. This discovery highlights the need for new chemotherapy strategies that are resistant to fat cell enzymes.
Cells can sense and mend damaged DNA caused by certain chemotherapy drugs. Researchers discovered a previously unknown repair complex that targets this type of damage. This finding could lead to more effective chemotherapy treatments by amplifying the killing power of existing drugs.
Researchers developed a targeted approach to immunotherapy by conjugating cancer drugs to peptides that bind to tumor tissues. This method showed promise in mice models, improving efficacy while minimizing treatment-related side effects.
Researchers have developed a method to grow hundreds of lab-grown cancer spheroids from just a few tumor cells derived from a patient. These 3-D cultured cells can accurately mirror the response of natural cells implanted in mice, making them a potential tool for testing individualized treatments.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have discovered a compound that irreversibly stops the growth of certain aggressive, treatment-resistant tumor cells. The compound, FiVe1, blocks cell division by binding to a structural protein, vimentin, produced abundantly in mesenchymal-type cells.
RUDN University scientists have discovered a new formation mechanism for anti-cancer substances, which can be used to synthesize organophosphorus compounds with specified properties. The researchers found that the reaction does not proceed according to the previously thought Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction mechanism, but rather another way.
Researchers have successfully tested a new molecule capable of preventing peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapy in cancer patients. The molecule has shown positive results in reducing the appearance of disorders associated with nerve dysfunction.
Researchers successfully deliver platinum-based chemotherapy drugs via nanoparticles to treat nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer, reducing systemic absorption and toxicity. The study offers a potential less toxic clinical alternative to standard chemotherapy.
A study published in JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that cryotherapy can prevent symptoms of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, improving quality of life for cancer patients. Cryotherapy involves wearing frozen gloves and socks during chemotherapy to reduce pain, numbness, and tingling.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute discovered a protein called Bclw that protects nerves from degeneration. Adding Bclw to nerve axons before exposure to chemotherapy drugs may prevent peripheral neuropathy symptoms.
International experts have identified a new protein called ZATT that can directly clean DNA breaks without degradation, allowing for more efficient repair and potentially increasing chemotherapy sensitivity. This breakthrough has the potential to improve treatment outcomes and enable personalized therapies.
Researchers in Brazil are testing a technique combining low-intensity electric current with nanoencapsulated chemotherapy to treat skin cancer. The study found that topical application combined with iontophoresis resulted in a significantly greater reduction in tumor size and made the tumor less aggressive.
A recent study by Tal Danino at the Data Science Institute demonstrates that bacteria in pancreatic tumors degrade a chemotherapy drug, Gemcitabine. The study found that antibiotics were effective in killing these bacteria in over 70% of mice, leading to rapid tumor progression without treatment.
A laboratory-based study discovered that an alcohol aversion drug can reverse chemotherapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. The researchers found that the drug, Disulfiram, inhibited ALDH activity, reducing tumour cell growth and killing lung cancer stem cells.
Research led by Dr. Carlos Arteaga has identified potential targets for treating chemotherapy-resistant triple negative breast cancer, including genes MCL1 and MYC. These genes can be targeted with specific drugs to slow or prevent chemotherapy resistance, improving the outlook for this aggressive form of breast cancer.
Scientists at NGM Bio have uncovered the molecular biology and mechanisms of Growth and Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15), a hormone regulating body weight. The study reveals potential therapeutics for diseases of excess and insufficient body weight, including obesity and cachexia.
Cancer survivors experience significant cognitive impairment due to chemotherapy, which can impact multitasking, memory and concentration. Researchers are developing strategies to prevent this condition without reducing chemotherapy efficacy, aiming to improve quality of life for millions of cancer patients.
Research shows carbidopa, an FDA-approved Parkinson's disease drug, has anticancer properties. The study found that carbidopa significantly inhibits cancer cell growth in both human pancreatic cancer cells and mouse models, suggesting potential as an anticancer medication.
The study found that four fractions of 7 Gy HDR brachytherapy resulted in significantly better tumor control than two 9-Gy fractions, with a higher survival rate for women with stage IIB disease. Severe treatment-related side effects did not differ significantly between treatment arms.
A randomized phase II clinical trial found that adding consolidative stereotactic radiation therapy to chemotherapy significantly increased progression-free survival expectancy nearly tripling it for patients with limited metastatic disease. Treatment-related side effects were similar between the two treatment approaches.
Researchers identified a new genetic syndrome caused by biallelic mutations in the FANCM gene, leading to early cancer formations and chemotherapy toxicity. Patients with this syndrome did not develop Fanconi anaemia, but had a higher risk of breast cancer and chromosomal fragility.
Researchers discover bacteria in pancreatic tumors that metabolize a common chemotherapy drug, rendering it ineffective. The study suggests that targeting these bacteria may offer a new approach to treating pancreatic cancer.
A recent study published in Journal of Pineal Research found that melatonin can prevent nerve damage caused by chemotherapy and reduce painful side effects. The drug was shown to limit the damaging effect on nerve cells and the development of pain symptoms when given prior to chemotherapy.
Researchers have developed a novel technique to deliver steroids directly into the cochlea, reducing hearing loss caused by cisplatin treatment in mice by 50%. This breakthrough has potential applications for treating various types of hearing loss and could also be used to deliver other drugs and therapies.
The KEYNOTE-040 trial found that pembrolizumab significantly improved outcomes in patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, especially those with high PD-L1 expression. The study also showed a better side-effect profile for pembrolizumab compared to standard treatments.
The KEYNOTE-045 trial demonstrates pembrolizumab's superiority in overall survival and adverse event profile compared to chemotherapy in platinum-pretreated urothelial cancer patients. The medication offers durable responses and a favorable safety profile.
A recent ESMO 2017 Congress session has ignited debate on the optimal duration of adjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer, with experts weighing in on the pros and cons of shortening treatment from six to three months. The IDEA study suggests that three months provides a similar benefit but with reduced side effects.
A randomized trial of over 600 patients confirms chemoradiation as the standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer, with no improved disease-free survival seen with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery. The findings suggest that chemoradiation should remain the standard treatment.
A study presented at ESMO 2017 found that socio-psychological factors, such as anxiety and family concerns, are now more significant for cancer patients than previously thought. The study suggests that doctors should consider improving supportive therapies and providing stronger psychological support to address these issues.
Recent phase 3 studies (ALEX and ALUR trials) demonstrate alectinib's efficacy in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with central nervous system (CNS) involvement. The medication significantly decreases CNS progression, improving median progression-free survival by up to 8 months compared to standard chemotherapy.
A recent study found that nearly one in four small tumours were aggressive and patients benefited from chemotherapy. Researchers identified a 70-gene signature to detect aggressive tumours.
Researchers at Cornell University have identified a potential solution to protect premenopausal women from life-altering infertility after cancer treatment. By inhibiting the checkpoint pathway, the study found that oocytes survived radiation and remained fertile, enabling birth of healthy pups.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute found that acute myeloid leukemia causes bone marrow to 'leak' blood, preventing chemotherapy from working. Drugs that reversed this leakiness boosted chemotherapy's effect in mice and human tissue.
Researchers found that combining CDKs' inhibitors with conventional anti-cancer drugs like cisplatin increases tumor cell death. However, treating cells with 5-FU can lead to decreased death rates and resistance. This study suggests a promising approach for developing new anti-cancer treatments.