Articles tagged with Chemotherapy
A new analysis of the TORCH trial found that erlotinib is most effective in patients with EGFR mutations, while those with wild-type tumors should receive standard chemotherapy first. The study confirms the importance of biomarker testing to guide treatment decisions.
A study by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute researchers found that adding bevacizumab to standard chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer in patients over 65 did not significantly increase survival rates. The treatment approach was previously approved by the FDA but failed to show substantial benefits.
Researchers analyzed data from 4,168 Medicare beneficiaries with advanced non-small cell lung cancer aged 65 or older. They found no significant difference in overall survival between those treated with bevacizumab and those receiving standard chemotherapy alone. The study's findings suggest that bevacizumab should not be considered th...
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed a magnetic nanochain delivery system that explodes chemotherapy drugs inside tumors, killing cancer cells more efficiently. The technology reduced tumor growth by up to 90% and increased survival rates in rats with triple-negative breast cancer.
Researchers used live microscopy to observe how cancer cells react to chemotherapy in different tumor microenvironments. Selective inhibition of certain enzymes and immune signaling molecules made breast tumors more responsive to doxorubicin, a widely used chemotherapeutic agent.
A DNA repair pathway-focused score has been developed to predict chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer patients. The score is positively correlated with complete response rate, recurrence-free survival, and progression-free survival, and outperforms other clinical factors in predicting overall survival.
Researchers from the University of Hull have identified a family of proteins associated with chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer patients. The 14-3-3 protein family was found to be twice as prevalent in resistant patients, suggesting its potential use as a predictive test for clinical decision-making.
Combining antiangiogenesis drugs with smaller nanomedicines may enhance treatment effectiveness for certain cancers. Vascular normalization temporarily decreases tumor blood vessel diameter, improving drug penetration of smaller particles but not larger molecules.
A new fractionated dosing regimen of gemtuzumab ozogamicin significantly improves event-free survival and overall survival for patients with acute myeloid leukaemia. The regimen reduces toxicity while delivering a high cumulative dose of the drug.
A harmless human virus, RT3D, has shown promise in boosting the effects of chemotherapy drugs in advanced head and neck cancer patients. In a Phase I/II trial, approximately one-third of patients experienced tumor shrinkage and disease stabilization.
A Mayo Clinic study found that the dietary supplement gamma-linoleic acid can inhibit the growth of a subset of pancreatic cancer cells and selectively promote cancer cell death in mice. Combining GLA with chemotherapy drug gemcitabine significantly inhibited tumor growth.
Researchers found that activating a cholesterol pathway may enhance chemotherapy's effectiveness against pancreatic cancer. The study used a cholesterol derivative to block the Hedgehog pathway, which is linked to both cancer and heart disease.
A study by Dr. Andreas Engert and colleagues found that six cycles of BEACOPPescalated chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy are more effective in treating advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma with fewer treatment-related events. This approach also reduces toxicity compared to the standard eight-cycle regimen.
A study found that adding cetuximab to a regimen of drugs after stage III colon cancer surgery did not improve disease-free survival. The trial tested the combination in patients with resected stage III wild-type KRAS colon cancer and showed no benefit.
A genetic marker in blood can determine if a patient with ovarian cancer will benefit from chemotherapy after surgery. This discovery offers hope to patients diagnosed at stage III of the disease, who have a poor prognosis without effective treatment.
A study by UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center found that early Positron Emission Tomography (PET) response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with increased survival in patients with soft tissue sarcomas. Patients who showed a significant PET response had significantly longer survival rates compared to those who did not.
Researchers developed a novel compound that stops cancer cells from invading healthy brain tissue, improving treatment outcomes in animal models. The compound, imipramine blue, is combined with chemotherapy to enhance its effectiveness.
Researchers have designed a new treatment approach that appears to halt the spread of cancer cells into normal brain tissue in animal models. The results show that imipramine blue stops tumor invasion and enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy.
Researchers at the University of Alberta discovered that some breast cancer tumors with weak 'survival' systems responded better to taxane chemotherapy than those with strong survival systems. This finding could lead to new strategies for identifying patients who may not respond to this common treatment.
Researchers aim to create targeted compounds that selectively attack cancerous cells by zeroing-in on pollutants produced by tumors' characteristic metabolism. This approach seeks to minimize side effects associated with conventional chemotherapy.
A new genomic test has been shown to help doctors identify breast cancer patients who do not need adjuvant chemotherapy, reducing side effects and improving quality of life. The study found that patients classified as low risk by the test had a higher distant disease-free survival rate compared to those classified as high risk.
Researchers found a strong correlation between genetic variation and chemotherapy side effects, enabling personalized treatment approaches. This study aims to tailor chemotherapy regimens to individual patients' genetic profiles.
Detecting circulating tumour cells in blood can provide information about breast cancer survival and help target treatment. Patients with high CTC counts have a higher risk of recurrence and death, while CTC detection may also become a target for future therapy.
Scientists at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and TGen have discovered a way to break down the biological barrier surrounding pancreatic cancer tumors, allowing chemotherapy drugs to reach the cancerous tissue. This breakthrough could lead to improved survival rates for patients with pancreatic cancer.
Researchers have found that a new drug called plerixafor can help drive leukemia cells out of the bone marrow and into the bloodstream, making them more vulnerable to chemotherapy. In a clinical trial, 46% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia achieved complete remission after treatment.
A recent study found that Asian breast cancer patients suffer from memory loss, decision-making difficulties, and speech problems after chemotherapy treatment. To cope with these changes, many turned to mind stimulation activities such as mahjong and qi gong.
A recent study published in Journal of Thoracic Oncology suggests that CYFRA21-1 levels can reliably indicate patient response to chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Higher baseline concentrations were linked to poorer overall and failure-free survival. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Scientists have successfully mapped tens of thousands of molecular signaling events involved in DNA damage repair, shedding light on how cells communicate when their DNA is broken. This research will help develop new drugs with fewer side effects and better protect healthy cells during cancer treatment.
Researchers found that telomeres send out a molecular SOS signal when cells take too long to divide, leading to the activation of DNA damage pathways and cell death. This discovery has implications for cancer chemotherapy, suggesting ways to make therapy more potent by combining mitotic inhibitors with other drugs.
A team of researchers at Duke University has determined the structure of a concentrative nucleoside transporter, which works by moving nucleosides from outside to inside of cells. This discovery may lead to more effective drugs with fewer effects on healthy tissue.
Cancer cells use an 'emergency brake' to protect themselves from chemotherapy drugs, which can be rendered inoperative by targeting a specific enzyme pathway. The study identifies PARP inhibition as a promising therapeutic approach to improve chemotherapy effectiveness.
Researchers used X-rays to decipher how certain natural antibiotics defy chemical rules, unlocking a mechanism that could enable scientists to synthesize many important chemicals currently found only in nature. The discovery has broad implications, as the six-membered ring is a common structural feature found in hundreds of drug molecu...
A study by UNC Health Care researchers found that a supercharged version of the protective protein focal adhesion kinase (FAK) can reduce heart attack damage by 50% in mice. The enhanced protein, called SuperFAK, was engineered to activate stronger survival signals and deactivate at the right time, reducing permanent heart damage.
Researchers found that a protein called FOXM1 protects cancer cells from chemotherapy and radiation-induced cell death. Combining standard drugs with proteasome inhibitors may improve treatment effectiveness.
A new study by researchers at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center has found that the XL888 inhibitor can prevent resistance to chemotherapy drug vemurafenib in melanoma patients, leading to induced apoptosis response and tumor regression. The study suggests a novel approach to managing drug resistance using broadly targeted strategies.
Researchers found that Aurora-A phosphorylates p73, preventing it from detecting DNA damage and triggering programmed cell death. This allows cancer cells to resist chemotherapy and radiation treatment, making them harder to treat.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology found that women who underwent chemotherapy with the CMF regimen between 1976 and 1995 scored slightly lower on cognitive tests compared to those without a history of cancer. The differences were subtle but statistically significant, affecting word learning, memory, and information ...
Researchers have discovered that adding hydroxychloroquine to various cancer therapies can enhance their effectiveness in treating treatment-resistant cancers. By blocking autophagy, a process by which cells recycle damaged proteins, the combination of chemotherapy and HCQ can lead to improved outcomes for patients.
A new strategy combining carbon nanoparticles with chemotherapy and radiation therapy shows significant potential in treating head-and-neck cancers. The treatment uses nanoparticles to encapsulate chemotherapeutic drugs, delivering them directly to cancer cells.
Researchers found that combining chemotherapy with antibody treatment against intracellular antigens delays tumor growth and prolongs survival. The approach uses chemotherapy to release antigens from cancer cells, allowing antibodies to effectively target them.
Researchers have gained a better understanding of two key proteins that control cell division, which could lead to the development of new drugs to stop cancerous cells multiplying. This discovery could also help optimise personalised chemotherapy treatments and limit side effects associated with some chemotherapy drugs.
Researchers discuss management of cervical cancer during pregnancy, focusing on tumour size, nodal staging, term of pregnancy, and histological subtype. Chemotherapy can be used in the second or third trimester to increase chances of fetal preservation, but carries risks of premature birth and low birthweight.
A study found that children born to mothers who received chemotherapy during pregnancy have normal cognitive development and no significant differences in behavior, health, or hearing compared to the general population. However, premature birth was associated with lower cognitive scores.
A new study found that short fasting cycles can work as well as chemotherapy to treat cancer in mice, and combining both greatly improves survival rates. Fasting alone also effectively treated a majority of cancers tested in animals, including those from human cells.
A new immunotherapy for companion dogs with advanced-stage non-Hodgkin lymphoma improves survival by nearly four-fold, increasing median tumor-free survival by nine months. The treatment combination prolongs survival while maintaining quality of life.
Lab tests have found that silver compounds are as toxic to cancer cells as platinum-based drug Cisplatin, but may be less toxic to healthy human cells. Researchers hope to develop next-generation chemotherapy drugs using these findings.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have developed a new imaging technique to diagnose brain tumors, providing a definitive diagnosis based on protein levels associated with a genetic mutation. The test shows promise for precluding the need for surgery in patients whose tumors are too dangerous to biopsy.
Advanced head and neck cancer patients treated with radiation plus chemotherapy showed improved local-regional control and disease-free survival rates compared to those treated with radiation alone. At 10 years post-treatment, the local-regional failure rates were lower for those who received both therapies.
DIM inhibits ovarian cancer cell growth by blocking STAT3 activation and reducing IL-6 levels. The combination of DIM and cisplatin suppresses tumor growth in mice by an extra 50% compared to cisplatin alone.
A chromosomal abnormality, specifically the absence of chromosomes 1p and 19q, has definitive prognostic value for managing treatment of adult patients with pure and mixed anaplastic oligodendrogliomas. Treatment with combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy showed near-doubling of median survival time compared to radiation therapy ...
A study published in Leukemia identifies a molecular braking process that acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells use to evade chemotherapy, allowing them to survive treatment. When this brake is removed, AML cells die, providing hope for improved survival rates for patients with the disease.
Researchers have discovered a key to stopping brain cancer cell growth and migration by inhibiting a specific signaling pathway. The study, published in Nature: Oncogene, shows that targeting the Mer pathway can make brain cancer cells more sensitive to chemotherapy and prevent them from escaping to other areas of the brain.
New studies published in The Lancet Oncology and The Lancet show that combining lapatinib with trastuzumab is almost twice as effective as single-agent therapy, but causes more side effects. Lapatinib is less beneficial than trastuzumab for single-agent therapy.
Researchers have discovered a way to selectively target the glutathione pathway in brain cancer cells, making them more susceptible to chemotherapy. The breakthrough could potentially improve treatment outcomes for the nearly 45,000 people diagnosed with brain cancer each year.
Researchers found that chemotherapy can lead to DNA damage in cancer cells, which can cause them to evolve and become resistant to treatment. The study suggests that targeted therapies based on individual mutations may be more effective than current treatments.
A recent study identified effective agents from approved drugs with anti-cancer activity in thyroid cancer cells, offering potential repurposing opportunities for aggressive recurrent or metastatic cases. The compounds found had potent activity across different therapeutic categories and modes of action.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials found no improvement in overall survival for adult patients with advanced follicular lymphoma who received high-dose chemotherapy and ASCT compared to conventional-dose chemotherapy alone. The study concluded that HDC-ASCT is not effective as a primary treatment option.
The release of genetic data on medicinal plants could lead to discovering new drug candidates and increasing the efficacy of existing ones. Researchers have developed a collection of data that will aid in understanding how plants produce medicinally useful compounds.
The RTOG is launching a phase I trial testing ganitumab for locally advanced pancreatic cancer. The trial will investigate the safety and efficacy of ganitumab when combined with chemoradiation treatment. By targeting the IGF-1R pathway, ganitumab may offer a new approach to treating this aggressive form of cancer.
A team of US-based and Rwandan physicians have developed an innovative approach to delivering expert care to children with lymphoma in rural Rwanda. Through this 'twinning' model, American-trained pediatricians supervise Rwandan-trained generalists, supported by weekly conference calls from U.S.-based pediatric oncologists.