Articles tagged with Chemotherapy
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have developed a first-of-its-kind self-assembled nanoparticle that can deliver chemotherapy specifically to cancer cells and release it in response to external NIR light, creating heat for synergistic anti-tumor efficacy. The platform successfully eradicated tumors in pre-clinical models.
A Wake Forest Baptist researcher discovered that high levels of the MN1 gene accelerate Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and reduce chemotherapy's effectiveness. The study found that the p53 protein is not functioning properly in cells expressing high levels of MN1, leading to a poorer prognosis.
Researchers developed a novel method to determine how ready acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells are to die, helping cancer specialists choose treatments more effectively. The tool measures the 'primed to die' status of AML cells by apoptosis, allowing for better prediction of patient outcomes and personalized treatment decisions.
Combining chemotherapy and immunotherapy results in enhanced anti-tumor effect, contrary to previous assumption that they would cancel each other out. The mechanism involves the upregulation of mannose-6-phosphate receptor on tumor cells, which is triggered by autophagy.
A new French study found that anticoagulants significantly reduce the incidence of catheter-related deep vein thrombosis in cancer patients. However, guidelines recommending prophylactic anticoagulant treatment for these patients are still under review.
A new study suggests that not enough women with breast cancer are being offered the chance to undergo treatments that may conserve their breasts. Despite high response rates to neoadjuvant therapy, only around 40% of patients receive breast-conserving surgery. The studies call for a clear consensus on the role of breast conserving surg...
A phase III trial shows that crizotinib is more effective than standard chemotherapy in response rates and progression-free survival, with improved quality of life. The study compared 347 patients with previously treated ALK-positive lung cancer and found significant benefits for those on the crizotinib arm.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center developed a policy to manage drug shortages in hospitals, prioritizing patients based on clinical need and effectiveness. The policy establishes clear rules for apportioning scarce drugs, ensuring fairness and minimizing waste.
Researchers at UC Irvine's Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified a key genetic pathway responsible for melanoma cells' resistance to chemotherapy. Targeting this pathway could lead to the development of new treatments for the deadly skin cancer, which claims nearly 10,000 U.S. lives each year.
Researchers have developed a novel method to attach chemical probes to proteins, allowing them to study the biochemistry of naturally formed proteins. The technique enables scientists to understand the mechanisms behind creating better antibiotics, anti-cancer drugs, biofuels, and other natural products.
A new model developed by Weizmann Institute mathematicians and physicians proposes a more individualized approach to chemotherapy by considering not only the quantity but also the quality of blood cells. This could lead to better precautions for high-risk patients and spare unnecessary preventive treatments for those at low risk.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have designed nanoparticles that can safely and predictably infiltrate deep into the brain, delivering chemotherapy drugs to treat brain cancer. The breakthrough allows for controlled release of medication over time, reducing dosage challenges and improving treatment outcomes.
A new study by USC researchers shows that controlled fasting enhances the effectiveness of radiation therapy in treating gliomas, a type of brain tumor with a median survival of less than two years. Fasting improved survival rates in mice treated with radiation therapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy.
Researchers at Penn Vet found that a compound derived from the Coriolus versicolor mushroom, called polysaccharopeptide, significantly lengthened survival times for dogs with hemangiosarcoma. The study showed promising results, with some dogs living beyond a year without traditional chemotherapy.
Researchers found that adding bavituximab to docetaxel chemotherapy improves response rates, progression-free survival, and overall survival in late-stage non-squamous, non-small cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC) patients. The study showed a doubling of the overall response rate compared to the control arm.
A recent meta-analysis by researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center found that breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy had slight cognitive impairments in verbal and visuospatial abilities. The study suggests that these deficits can be managed through awareness and compensatory strategies, improving daily life for affected individu...
A new Cancer Research Network study estimates real-world use of anthracycline and trastuzumab in breast cancer patients, showing a higher risk of heart failure and cardiomyopathy compared to previous clinical trials. The study's findings highlight the importance of awareness about the risks associated with these chemotherapy drugs.
Researchers are developing drugs that exploit the body's natural immune system to fight diseases. These 'antibody-recruiting molecules' can be taken orally and induce a patient's own antibodies to fight disease.
A new mass spectrometer, DESI, is being used in real-world medicine to analyze fingerprints, detect pesticides, and identify biomarkers for prostate cancer. The device can also aid in brain cancer surgery by analyzing tissue samples and determining tumor type and stage.
Scientists have discovered that thiabendazole, a generic antifungal drug, can decrease blood vessel growth in tumors, starving them of nutrients. The study also found that the drug slows tumor growth, suggesting it could be used in combination with other chemotherapies.
Canada faces unpredictable and widespread drug shortages, affecting patient health and healthcare costs. A national approach with mandatory reporting and integrated leadership can minimize the impact of shortages.
Infants born to mothers who received chemotherapy during pregnancy had lower birth weights but no higher risk of birth defects or blood disorders. The study suggests that breast cancer treatment during pregnancy is possible and prioritizing full-term delivery may be crucial for minimizing risks.
The study found that the absence or downregulation of the LRP1B gene is associated with chemoresistance in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Additionally, tumors that initially responded to chemotherapy but later became resistant evolved further than those that were resistant from the outset.
Researchers have confirmed that normalizing blood vessels by blocking oxygen sensor PHD2 can make chemotherapy more effective. This strategy also reduces the harmful side effects of chemotherapy on healthy organs.
Researchers have developed a method to find and kill malignant cells while sparing healthy ones using theranostic imaging. The technique relies on binding a potent drug therapy to specific proteins on tumor cell surfaces, allowing it to target cancerous cells with precision.
Cancer cells respond differently to therapy based on their microenvironment, with fibroblasts sustaining DNA damage that promotes growth and resistance. The discovery could lead to more effective treatments by targeting the tumor microenvironment.
A new biomarker, pyridoxal kinase (PDXK), has been identified as a predictor of response to chemotherapy in NSCLC patients. PDXK expression levels are associated with survival rates and treatment outcomes.
Dr. Piyali Dasgupta received a three-year grant to investigate the anti-cancer activity of capsaicin in small cell lung cancer patients. The study aims to improve chemotherapy treatment outcomes, which often relapse quickly and become unresponsive.
A recent study found that patients who received chemotherapy following removal of periampullary cancer experienced improved overall survival compared to those who did not receive chemotherapy. The study also suggested that gemcitabine therapy provided the most significant survival benefit, with a median survival time of 43.1 months.
Researchers at WashU Medicine discovered that ACA11, a non-coding RNA, helps protect cancer cells from damage and makes them resistant to chemotherapy. This finding may lead to new cancer therapeutics and help guide research into better treatments for patients with multiple myeloma.
Researchers have discovered that high levels of protein EYA3 are associated with a poor response to chemotherapy in Ewing's sarcoma patients. Lowering EYA3 levels may help increase the effectiveness of existing therapies and improve outcomes.
Studies using specialized MRI scans show that the procedure can detect whether anti-cancer chemotherapy is working, buying patients many months to a year of life. The scans use software to analyze water movement in tumor cells, identifying those with high and low apparent diffusion coefficients.
A new cancer drug, brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris), has dramatically improved survival rates for Hodgkin lymphoma patients who have failed other treatments. In a multi-center study, 65% of patients were alive at 24 months, and 25% had no progression of the disease.
A multicenter trial showed that nearly half of young patients with early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma can be cured without radiation or intensive chemotherapy, maintaining excellent long-term survival. The study's findings suggest that patients with favorable-risk disease may benefit from minimal treatment approaches.
Researchers have created a dynamic 3D computer model of the human P-glycoprotein, which is thought to contribute to chemotherapy failure in many recurring cancers. The model enables scientists to virtually screen over 8 million potential drug compounds to find one that can help stop chemotherapy resistance.
Researchers found a pediatric treatment regime improves long-term survival and decreases mortality rate by 40% in young adult leukemia patients without bone marrow transplant. The study suggests treating adolescent and adult patients with aggressive chemotherapy like children could lead to better outcomes.
Researchers found that perioperative chemotherapy improved overall survival in patients with limited large cell neuroendocrine tumors or small-cell lung cancer after surgery. The study of 74 patients showed a significant difference in overall survival between those who received chemotherapy and those who did not.
Scientists have found that a long-used anti-cancer drug, cisplatin, can prevent the clumping of an enzyme linked to ALS. This discovery suggests that cisplatin could be a promising lead compound for developing new treatments for the incurable disease.
A Vanderbilt-led study identified a gene expression pattern linked to resistance to breast cancer chemotherapy. The researchers found that tumors with low concentrations of the dual specificity protein phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) were more resistant to chemotherapy, suggesting new therapy options for patients with specific subtypes of breast...
Researchers found that overexpressing 14-3-3 proteins can make tumors resistant to chemotherapy. The study, led by Julián Cerón and Simó Schwartz Jr., reveals a key role for the par-5 gene in DNA damage response and genomic stability.
New nanomedicine cancer treatments aim to focus on tumor cells while sparing healthy tissue, potentially reducing severe side effects. These nanoparticle-based medications can deliver anti-cancer drugs directly to tumors through tiny blood vessel passages.
A clinical trial found that duloxetine reduced painful tingling feelings caused by chemotherapy in 59 percent of patients. The study suggests that this antidepressant may be an effective treatment for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy pain.
A new study led by University of Rochester Medical Center researcher Barbara L. Asselin shows that giving a cardio-protective drug during cancer treatment may prevent damage to the hearts of childhood leukemia survivors. The study found that the drug Zinecard significantly reduced heart problems and damage in patients who received it.
A new frontline treatment regimen combining carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and low-dose dexamethasone resulted in complete or near complete remission in a majority of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. The study found that the regimen was well-tolerated, with improved responses as treatment continued.
A Cleveland Clinic study has detected significant changes in brain activity patterns of patients receiving chemotherapy, supporting the existence of 'chemobrain'. Women showed higher amplitude brain activity after physical and cognitive tasks during treatment.
A new breast cancer treatment, trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), has shown significant improvements over standard therapy in keeping advanced tumors from progressing, with fewer and less harsh side effects.
A study by Weizmann Institute scientists reveals that leukemia recurrence is often caused by 'cancer stem cells' that divide slowly, evading chemotherapy drugs. These cells can give rise to new rapidly-dividing cancer cells, making them a key target for new treatment approaches.
A new study shows that Breast MRI provides an indication of a breast tumor's response to pre-surgical chemotherapy significantly earlier than possible through clinical examination. MRI size measurements were superior to clinical examination at all time points, predicting both complete tumor response and residual cancer burden.
A new study has shown that giving a daily low-dose of the chemotherapy drug carboplatin at the same time as radiotherapy significantly prolongs survival in elderly patients with lung cancer. Patients who received combined chemoradiotherapy were nearly a third less likely to die than those given radiotherapy alone.
A new study suggests that a protein called heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1) is involved in chemotherapy-related heart damage. Researchers propose targeting HSF-1 in the heart as a potential therapy to prevent cardiac damage, potentially leading to improved outcomes for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
A new treatment regimen, accelerated MVAC, has been shown to provide comparable benefits to standard chemotherapy without the same toxicity. This accelerated schedule of six weeks has improved response rates and tolerability for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
A recent study suggests a positive correlation between tumor size and chemotherapy efficacy in surgically resected patients with node-negative non-small cell lung cancer. The study found no clear threshold for tumor size that correlated with a benefit from chemotherapy.
A recent study found that 54% of patients with stage two and three rectal cancer did not receive treatment consistent with guidelines. The study, published in Clinical Oncology, also showed significant regional variation in treatment patterns across Alberta.
Researchers found that administering cyclophosphamide before bone tumors took root fertilized the bone marrow, enabling cancer cells to seed and grow. The study reversed this effect by inhibiting CCL2, suggesting a potential approach for preventing metastasis in certain cancers.
Pazopanib nearly tripled progression-free survival in patients with metastatic soft-tissue sarcoma whose disease has progressed following standard chemotherapy. The median follow-up was 15 months, and common side effects included fatigue, diarrhoea, and hypertension.
Researchers developed gene expression signatures to predict breast cancer patient responses to chemotherapy. The signatures, based on TOP2A and β-tubulin, accurately predicted complete response rates and combined indices improved accuracy.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center have successfully transplanted gene-modified blood stem cells into brain cancer patients to protect their bone marrow against chemotherapy's toxic effects. The study showed that two patients survived longer than predicted, with one remaining alive for over three years.
Researchers have developed a potent new drug called Lys05 that kills tumor cells in mouse models by clogging their recycling system. This approach has shown promise as a single-agent anti-tumor therapy with minimal toxicity to healthy cells.
Researchers identified a group of patients with high immune response gene expression who are more likely to have their tumors completely eradicated by pre-operative chemotherapy. Patients with HER2-positive and ER-negative/HER2-negative subtypes showed better treatment outcomes.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center found that breast cancer survivors who underwent chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy performed worse on cognitive tests than those who did not have cancer. The study's findings suggest long-term cognitive effects of these therapies need further investigation.