Articles tagged with Vaccination
The International Vaccine Institute (IVI) has received a $1.4 million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to develop international standards for oral cholera vaccine manufacturing. This will enable multiple manufacturers to produce low-cost vaccines, meeting global demand and ensuring uniform efficacy.
Researchers at Michigan Technological University have developed a single-particle method using atomic force microscopy to determine virus isoelectric points, improving the accuracy of characterization and paving the way for more efficient vaccine production and gene therapy manufacturing.
A recent Danish study found that vaccine misinformation resulted in a 50.4% drop in HPV vaccination rates, leaving around 26,000 girls unvaccinated and potentially exposing them to 180 avoidable cervical cancer cases and 45 deaths.
A pediatrician at Children's National Hospital wrote a 27-line poem inspired by her young patients' comments about vaccines. The poem, part of the 'Poetry and Medicine' series, aims to capture the optimism and resilience of children despite challenges. Dr. Sims hopes the poem will help build self-efficacy and resiliency in her patients.
Researchers found that intravenous BCG vaccination significantly increased protection against TB in rhesus macaques. The study showed that IV BCG elicited strong, sustained T cell responses in the lungs, leading to a high degree of protection against infection and disease.
A new study reveals that one dose of the HPV vaccine may prevent infection from the potential cancer-causing virus, with implications for reducing global cancer burden. The current two- or three-dose series may be replaced by a single dose regimen if ongoing clinical trials provide sustained benefits.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine found that T cells play a critical role in protecting against staph infections. The study suggests activating untapped immune cells and immunizing infants before birth to block toxin effects. This new approach shows promise for developing an effective staph vaccine.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found that California's elimination of non-medical vaccine exemptions led to a significant increase in MMR vaccination coverage, with non-medical exemptions decreasing by 2.4% and medical exemptions increasing by 0.4%. The policy change was associated with a 3.3% increase in MMR coverage across th...
A California law eliminating nonmedical exemptions increased vaccination rates and restored 'herd immunity,' preventing outbreaks. The study found a 3.3% increase in MMR coverage and a 4.3% increase in overall vaccination coverage, while nonmedical exemptions decreased by 2.4%.
A new study found that a Zika vaccine developed by NIH improved fetal outcomes in pregnant monkeys and rhesus macaques infected with congenital Zika virus. The vaccine reduced virus levels and prevented fetal infection, suggesting sterilizing immunity may not be required for protection.
An experimental Zika DNA vaccine VRC5283 reduced virus levels and improved fetal outcomes in pregnant rhesus macaques. The results suggest the vaccine may prevent transmission to humans as well.
A research team developed a microneedle platform using fluorescent quantum dots to deliver vaccines and record vaccination history in the skin. The platform offers a dependable way for clinicians to keep accurate medical records, potentially saving millions of lives worldwide.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide have made significant progress in developing a novel Zika virus vaccine that prevents infection in pre-clinical models. The vaccine's effectiveness has been demonstrated in mouse models, offering a promising solution to prevent congenital effects in infants born to infected mothers.
Researchers developed a Zika vaccine that safely protects both mother and fetus from the virus. However, pregnancy weakens the immune response, requiring a higher dose of vaccination to be effective.
Researchers have successfully determined the three-dimensional structure of a vaccinia virus RNA polymerase at atomic resolution, providing key findings on virus multiplication. The complex is composed of various subunits and relies on host tRNA molecules to function, enabling an essential step in the pathogen's life cycle.
A new species of insect virus, Binjari virus, has been identified that can be engineered to house genes from disease-causing flaviviruses. This non-infectious virus represents a flexible tool for testing diagnostics and vaccines for various infectious diseases, including yellow fever, dengue, and West Nile encephalitis.
Researchers developed a vaccine that targets flagellin in the gut microbiota to reduce inflammation. The vaccine showed protection against intestinal inflammation and metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity.
A new study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that extending the HPV vaccination age to include women and men up to 45 would produce small, but significant health benefits. The study used a health economic model to evaluate the added effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of such an extension.
A study found that almost 60% of eligible young travelers were not vaccinated due to clinician decision or guardian refusal, despite recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. The researchers emphasize the urgent need for greater awareness of MMR vaccination benefits for international travelers.
A study in ferrets demonstrates a protective humoral immune response to a weakened form of SFTSV after a single inoculation, and no clinical disease or mortality. The findings suggest potential for this live-attenuated vaccine candidate to provide cross-genotype protection against the emerging virus.
Researchers have developed a novel vaccine that uses a virus-based platform to rewrite the body's natural response to peanut allergens, causing a non-allergic immune response. The vaccine has shown signs of success in mouse models and preliminary in vitro studies, paving the way for human trials.
A new field study in Nepal shows the typhoid vaccine is safe, immunogenic and effective against the disease, with results showing 7 cases out of 20,000 children vaccinated. The study's findings are significant, especially with the recent spread of drug-resistant typhoid, which threatens child health in affected regions.
Researchers developed a novel vaccine that protects against bovine tuberculosis (TB) without interfering with the tuberculin skin test. The new vaccine allows for simultaneous protection and accurate diagnosis of TB in cattle.
Researchers found that a plant-based compound called halofuginone improves the immune response to a potential dengue vaccine in mice, producing twice as many antibodies and binding more strongly. The compound mimics amino acid starvation, activating a pathway that results in better antibodies.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London and Zhengzhou University have developed a personalised vaccine system that can delay the onset of pancreatic cancer. The system was tested in mice, where it doubled their survival time compared to those without the vaccine.
Researchers integrated human and animal treatment to eliminate roundworm infections and rabies in Tanzanian villages. The study found no difference in participation rates between combined and stand-alone events.
A phase I/II study of the Swedish vaccine candidate ETVAX found it to be safe and broadly immunogenic, inducing impressive immune responses in young children and infants. The vaccine showed high response rates among children aged 2-5 years and infants, with some even showing enhanced immune responses when given with an adjuvant.
A recent study by Drexel University researchers found that anti-vaccine messages on Instagram, which feature narratives, experience higher engagement than pro-vaccine posts. The team suggests that pro-vaccine posts could garner greater engagement if they provide information and evidence through a more narrative structure.
Outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases like measles and whooping cough were associated with introduction of legislation changing vaccine exemption laws in states. The study found a correlation between health improvements and increased legislative activity related to vaccine policies.
Researchers used fluorescent gel to test vaccine effectiveness in wild vampire bats, showing a 2.6-fold increase in population-level immunity compared to conventional non-spreadable vaccines. The study suggests a strategic switch from poisoning to vaccination could lead to a dramatic reduction in rabies across Latin America.
A study published in PLOS Pathogens found that mild Zika virus infection in fetuses can lead to abnormal brain development and impaired immunity in young animals. The research provides new insights into the potential outcomes of Zika virus infection and could point to new prevention and treatment strategies.
A new study finds that a vaccine against pneumococcal bacteria reduces the likelihood of severe pneumonia in children by 35%. The research also highlights the importance of vaccinating children to protect the whole community and reduce the spread of pneumococcus. By evaluating the effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccines in Asia, the stu...
A new study published in The American Journal of Pathology suggests that medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is effective in preventing the development of cervical cancer in mice with precancerous lesions. MPA also decreased existing precancerous lesions, offering a non-invasive approach to combat cervical cancer.
Scientists developed an investigational vaccine that protected cynomolgus macaques against Ebola, Sudan, Marburg, and Lassa viruses, all causing severe disease and death. The quadrivalent VesiculoVax vaccine showed promising results in a study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) has released a new guidance statement for colorectal cancer screening in average-risk adults between 50 and 75 years old. The guidance suggests that physicians select the most suitable screening test for each patient based on factors such as benefits, harms, costs, availability, frequency, and p...
A team of University of Otago researchers is part of a major new vaccine research project to combat invasive non-typhoidal salmonellosis, a major killer of African children. The Vacc-iNTS project aims to develop an effective vaccine with a five-year budget of NZ$11.8 million.
A study by Harvard Medical School researchers found that the measles virus depletes antibody repertoires, erasing immune memory to most previously encountered pathogens. This supports the immune amnesia hypothesis, suggesting that the vaccine's extended protective effects stem from preventing measles infection.
University of Exeter researchers have identified a gene in Clostridioides difficile responsible for binding to the gut, offering a promising new approach to developing a vaccine. Mice vaccinated with this protein generated specific antibodies and were less susceptible to C. diff infection.
Researchers discovered four new strains of human adenovirus in Singapore, with two strains linked to severe respiratory diseases. The study highlights an increase in adenovirus types 4 and 7 among pediatric patients, emphasizing the need for antiviral therapies and vaccine development.
Conflict events repeatedly reversed a declining phase of the Ebola epidemic in the Democratic Republic of Congo, according to researchers. Vaccination effectiveness was severely impacted by preceding unrest and subsequent conflict events, dropping from 52% to 4.8%.
A school-based HPV vaccination program in British Columbia has significantly reduced cervical pre-cancer rates among women, with a 57% reduction found in those vaccinated as Grade 6 girls compared to unvaccinated women. Regular cervical screening is crucial in preventing cervical cancer from developing.
A new study found that a highly diluted version of the Ebola vaccine remains fully protective against disease in monkeys. The findings suggest that the vaccine could be made more available by reducing its dosage, potentially easing production burdens.
A new study by researchers at the University of Waterloo highlights the importance of mathematical modelling in tackling disease outbreaks. The study concludes that combining data from multiple medical and public health sources can provide more informative insights for public health planners, enabling effective intervention strategies.
A new study has found that nearly 70% of children with an immune deficiency had two or more bouts of invasive pneumococcal disease. The research suggests that a weakened immune system increases the risk of life-threatening bacterial infections such as pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis.
A new study suggests that rotavirus infection may trigger the development of type 1 diabetes. Researchers found a significant decrease in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in Australian children under four years old after the introduction of rotavirus vaccination.
A study by ZSL and Imperial College London found that badgers covered 61% more land each month after a population was culled. Surviving badgers visited 45% more fields and increased the odds of visiting neighboring territories, potentially increasing TB transmission risk to both cattle and other badgers.
Researchers at Arizona State University have discovered a common source of tumor mutations that could lead to the development of universal cancer vaccines. They found that errors in RNA transcription and splicing in tumors can produce unique protein fragments, or peptides, that can be recognized by the immune system.
Researchers analyzed data from seven Latin American countries to show that a 10% increase in dog vaccinations decreases human deaths by 12.4%. Additionally, increased vaccination rates lead to reduced healthcare demand in response to rabies elimination campaigns.
A new type of vaccine that can be stored at warmer temperatures has been developed for Chikungunya, a disease that causes crippling headache and joint pain. The vaccine candidate has shown exceptionally promising results in animal studies, setting the stage for a future vaccine to combat the disease.
A recent study by Nicolas Cermakian and Nathalie Labrecque found that the biological clock influences immune response efficacy in CD8 T cells. The study discovered that the strength of the immune response varied according to the time of day, with mice showing a stronger response to vaccination at certain times.
Researchers at Penn Medicine have developed a vaccine that protects against genital herpes, with almost all animal subjects exposed to the virus showing sterilizing immunity. The vaccine stimulates three types of antibodies to block the virus from entering cells and ensure innate immune system protective functions are not turned off.
Research in mice revealed that vaccination led to increased antigen-specific CD8+ T cell proliferation when administered mid-day. The circadian clock influences this response by controlling the cells' transcriptional program and modulating their responsiveness.
A recent study found that over 70% of US adults are unaware that human papillomavirus (HPV) causes anal, penile, and oral cancers. The study, led by researchers at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, also showed low HPV vaccination rates among eligible individuals.
The study found a decline in vaccine-type oral HPV infections among unvaccinated men, suggesting herd protection. However, the prevalence of oral HPV infections remained unchanged in unvaccinated women, possibly due to low statistical power.
Researchers are developing a vaccine to counteract opioid addiction, with the goal of helping people stop the addiction and regain control of their lives. The vaccine, consisting of one shot and two boosters, aims to develop antibodies against opioids, alleviating symptoms and potentially saving lives during overdose.
The 2019 Lasker Awards recognize Max D. Cooper and Jacques Miller for their discovery of the function of B and T cells in the adaptive immune system. The awards also honor H. Michael Shepard, Dennis J. Slamon, and Axel Ullrich for their development of Herceptin, a monoclonal antibody therapy that targets HER2-positive breast cancer.
A new vaccine candidate has been developed to treat and prevent toxic shock caused by invasive streptococcal disease. The 'J8' vaccine candidate has shown a 1000-1,000,000 fold reduction of bacterial burden in treated mice.
A study by Emory Vaccine Center and CDC found immunity against mumps virus insufficient in a fraction of college-aged people who received MMR as children. The results highlight the need for better understanding of immune response to mumps and vaccines.
Researchers developed a DNA vaccine for Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus (SFTSV) that completely protects against lethal infection in ferrets. The vaccine induces both neutralizing antibody response and multifunctional T cell immunity.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that individuals' vaccination attitudes are shaped by their proximity to a disease outbreak, particularly for those who distrust government medical experts. On the other hand, people with high levels of trust in government experts are not affected by disease proximity.