A team of researchers from Kiel University has developed more stable spin states in molecules, enabling potential applications in computing and data storage. The newly created compounds feature three properties that are coupled together to create a self-assembling switch, revolutionizing the field of molecular spintronics.
Researchers from OU and international partners analyzed ancient dust in rocks to understand the role of atmospheric dust on marine ecosystems 300 million years ago. They found that this ancient dust was much dustier than today, with twice as much bioavailable iron, leading to a massive surge in marine photosynthesizers.
ATAD5 plays a crucial role in counteracting DNA replication stress by regulating PCNA unloading and promoting RAD51 recruitment. This study reveals ATAD5's fundamental mechanism of replication stress control, contributing to the development of cancer therapy.
Researchers are assembling the largest dataset of veterans with either condition or both to compare conditions and outcomes. They hope to find correlations between mental health and prostate cancer aggressiveness and explore biological risks like inflammation.
A California law eliminating nonmedical exemptions increased vaccination rates and restored 'herd immunity,' preventing outbreaks. The study found a 3.3% increase in MMR coverage and a 4.3% increase in overall vaccination coverage, while nonmedical exemptions decreased by 2.4%.
A Hebrew University research team has discovered a potential link between the BCG vaccine and reduced Alzheimer's disease risk in cancer patients. The study found that those who received the BCG vaccine had significantly lower rates of developing Alzheimer's compared to those who did not.
A study found that while people think advertising and political campaigns exploit psychological research, they actually believe they maintain free choice when making purchasing or voting decisions. However, the research suggests that subliminal advertising still exists as a phenomenon, but its impact on consumer behaviors is disputed.
Alan Mar, a Sandia National Laboratories engineer, is recognized for his work in ensuring components made for the U.S. nuclear stockpile pass stringent standards to resist radiation. He is now leading a team to develop a comprehensive computer model that can predict the radiation effects on a whole weapons component.
Researchers have identified three mechanisms by which nitrogen oxides affect sulfate production, revealing that both low and high NOx levels can promote sulfate formation. The study highlights the need for policymakers to control NOx emissions in a way that balances reductions in both SO2 and NOx.
Researchers found that C60 buckyballs emit positronium signals in the same direction as incoming positrons at certain impact energies. This discovery could have implications for astrophysics, materials physics, and pharmaceutical research.
A new study found that current boxers and MMA fighters experience brain volume loss in areas related to head trauma, while retired fighters show loss in areas linked to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. The researchers found a different pattern of brain changes between younger and older athletes.
A NFCR-funded translational cancer research project has been awarded a $700,000 Virginia Catalyst grant to advance its lead cancer drug candidate. The funding will support collaboration among VCU, UVA, and ILCT to commercialize and bring to patients novel therapeutic treatments targeting metastatic cancers.
Researchers have engineered a new variety of gene-edited tomato plants that can be grown in compact spaces, producing ripe fruit in under 40 days. These 'urban agriculture tomatoes' are designed to thrive in urban environments or other places with limited space, such as on the roof of a skyscraper or in space.
Researchers have developed a multi-layered nano-barrier that bonds with carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRPs) to eliminate moisture absorption and expansion issues. This innovation enables the creation of high-precision instrument structures for future space missions.
The American Federation for Aging Research and the Glenn Foundation for Medical Research announced ten fellowships awarded to postdoctoral researchers to study basic biology of aging. The program aims to develop independent research projects to build knowledge in aging, potentially leading to therapies and interventions.
A University of Michigan study found that prompt disposal of leftover medications improved when parents received a disposal packet and tailored online messages. The study suggests that easy disposal and risk education can significantly reduce the number of parents keeping leftover opioids for their children.
A new report models the effects of deforestation and climate change on critically endangered ruffed lemur species in Madagascar, estimating suitable rainforest habitat could be reduced by up to 59% from deforestation. Protecting protected areas is key to conserving biodiversity, the research suggests.
Researchers at Stanford University found that humpback whales use stealth and deception to capture fish, overcoming limitations in speed and maneuverability by timing their lunges. This innovative feeding strategy allows them to consume a large number of fish per feeding event, making it more energetically efficient than feeding on krill.
A new study by NIMS researchers reveals that a Si anode composed of commercial Si nanoparticles in solid electrolytes exhibits excellent electrode performance, approaching that of film electrodes. This breakthrough enables low-cost and large-scale production of high-capacity anodes for all-solid-state Li batteries.
A comprehensive study of French Polynesia's coral reefs has been conducted, revealing the healthiest reefs are found around islands with low elevation. The study also found that cyclones and crown-of-thorns starfish outbreaks have decimated reefs in some areas.
The UK is losing 0.82 million tonnes of wheat yield each year due to herbicide-resistant black-grass, with potential implications for national food security. Researchers estimate that the worst-case scenario could result in an annual cost of £1 billion and a wheat yield loss of 3.4 million tonnes per year.
A Spanish study reveals socioeconomic inequalities have a profound effect on the health of the elderly population. Educational attainment and past occupations are key factors in these disparities. Higher educational attainment and adequate pensions may help reduce inequality.
Researchers found that humpback whales use stealth to minimize escape responses of prey, allowing for simultaneous engulfment of up to 60% of anchovies. The study reveals how large filter feeding whales capture highly maneuverable forage fish using a predator-informed looming stimulus.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have discovered that jumping genes, such as B2 and ALU, cut themselves in response to stress. This discovery has significant implications for understanding stress responses in the body, particularly in relation to developing new treatments for infections, cancer, and autoimmune diseases.
A survey of homes in rural India reveals that men dominate electricity use patterns, suggesting that households with electrified access may benefit more from male members. Despite efforts to improve female well-being through clean energy, women reported that only a quarter experienced increased time for personal activities.
A team of researchers created a computer model that predicts the migration patterns of sea turtle hatchlings after they leave Florida's shores. The model takes into account ocean circulation data and sea turtle nesting and stranding information to inform conservation efforts and guide policies.
Researchers at PPPL develop a safer, more effective way to create a star on Earth by injecting boron powder into plasma. This technique reduces greenhouse gases and long-term radioactive waste, while increasing heat output for electricity generation.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found that California's elimination of non-medical vaccine exemptions led to a significant increase in MMR vaccination coverage, with non-medical exemptions decreasing by 2.4% and medical exemptions increasing by 0.4%. The policy change was associated with a 3.3% increase in MMR coverage across th...
A new study explores women's knowledge and perceptions of breast density and breast cancer screening across three states with varying notification laws. Women from all states had varying knowledge about their own breast density and breast density in general, and expressed a strong desire for more information.
Researchers discovered an alternate mechanism by which the molecule RIPK1 triggers cell death in infected or damaged cells. The finding breaks existing dogma that RIPK1 kinase activity is required for cell death and holds promise for treating inflammatory diseases and cancer.
Researchers developed a technique for handling tiny, soft particles using precise fluid flows, allowing them to test the physical limits of these particles. The technique, known as the Stokes trap, was used to study the dynamics of vesicles and their deformation under different flow conditions.
Researchers at Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University develop a theory of transients in graphene, exploring its unique properties that deviate from expected behavior. The study's findings have significant implications for investigation of heat transport and other nonequilibrium thermodynamic processes in graphene.
A study by researchers at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center identified a subset of immune macrophages that resist treatment with anti-PD-1 checkpoint blockade in glioblastoma patients. The team found that these CD73-expressing macrophages were associated with decreased survival, and that targeting them with combinatio...
Research shows that drawing and recognizing objects recruits the same neural representation in the brain, emphasizing the role of visual processing. This neural connection enhances over time with repeated practice.
Research at Cornell University found that food restrictions predict loneliness among children and adults, causing increased feelings of exclusion. Participants experienced 'food worries' and fretted about their dietary choices, leading to a degree of loneliness comparable to that reported by unmarried or low-income adults.
Researchers at Princeton University have discovered new rules for how objects absorb and emit light, resolving a decades-old discrepancy between large and small scales. This breakthrough enables scientists to optimize designs mathematically for future applications in technologies like solar panels and quantum computers.
New research from Washington University in St. Louis reveals that two annual plants, goosefoot and erect knotweed, can produce yields comparable to those of maize when grown together with other lost crops. The study's findings challenge the assumption that maize was adopted as a staple crop due to its high productivity.
Economic growth and population expansion were major contributors to China's energy-related CO2 emissions increase between 1978 and 2023. Carbon and energy intensity have slowed the growth rate of CO2 emissions, suggesting a low growth rate for future increases.
The Glenn Foundation for Medical Research and AFAR have announced the 2019 Research Grants for Junior Faculty, awarding fifteen early career scientists $1,450,000 to support research on aging processes and age-related diseases. The grants aim to translate basic biology into interventions that can extend healthspan with lifespan.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have created a solid polymer-based electrolyte that can self-heal after damage and be recycled without harsh chemicals or high temperatures. The new material has potential as an effective battery electrolyte, but more work is needed to make it comparable to existing batteries.
Researchers at UConn have discovered that transplanting healthy donor bone marrow cells into mice with OI can improve bone strength and structure. The study found that these cells can replace mutant collagen and increase bone mass, offering potential for new therapies to correct the disorder.
University of Groningen scientists have successfully reconstructed the ancestral genetic sequences for three FMO genes, revealing the structure of these enzymes and their role in metabolizing toxic substances. The results provide insight into how FMOs work, which could lead to the design of drugs activated by these enzymes.
Researchers found that chimpanzees exhibit rhythmic swaying and hand-clapping when exposed to musical sounds. The study suggests a foundation for dancing in our common ancestor with humans.
Researchers developed a novel gene-silencing approach to deliver a treatment vector to adult ALS mice, preventing disease onset and blocking progression in animals with existing symptoms. The method uses an adeno-associated virus to deliver shRNA, effectively silencing the SOD1 gene and protecting motor neurons.
A new study by Simon Fraser University reveals that sea levels in the central Indian Ocean have risen by nearly a meter over the last two centuries. The research provides new insights into historical sea level variability and its impact on coral reefs and islands.
Researchers have developed a new method to characterise the complex organ of bone marrow, revealing previously unknown cell types and their spatial organisation. The study identifies niche cells that regulate blood stem cells and provides insights into leukaemia treatments.
Tropical Cyclone Phanfone, also known as Ursula in the Philippines, exhibited high water vapor concentrations and cold cloud top temperatures around its center. These conditions indicate a strong storm with the potential to produce heavy rainfall.
Researchers at Helmholtz Munich have created a technique called Mid-infraRed Optoacoustic Microscopy (MiROM) that provides real-time images of biomolecules in living cells without the need for labels or contrast agents. This method offers novel insights into metabolic processes and can be used to study the effects of different diets on...
A research team has uncovered four new extinct turtle species from the Arlington Archosaur Site in Texas, including a river turtle and the oldest side-necked turtle found in North America. The discovery suggests extensive intercontinental migration of turtles during this time.
Researchers have developed a new approach to study the bone marrow in unprecedented resolution, revealing previously unknown cell types and their local environments. The study provides a novel basis for studying blood diseases such as leukemias and has made its dataset publicly accessible for further research.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet found that CaV3.1 channels lead to excessive calcium influx, impairing beta cell function and glucose homeostasis. This hyperactivation is a critical pathogenic mechanism in diabetes development.
Researchers at Lancaster University cooled LEGO to near-absolute zero, revealing its potential as a thermal insulator for dilution refrigerators used in quantum computing. The discovery could lead to cheaper and more efficient scientific equipment.
Research found that high fat diets limit newborn and developing neurons in adult female mice, but not males, potentially linking metabolic disorders to brain disorders like Alzheimer's disease. The study may inspire metabolism-based preventions and treatments.
The Breakthroughs in Gerontology (BIG) Awards support research into human aging and healthspan. Ursula Jakob will study early epigenetic events that extend lifespan, while Norbert Perrimon will investigate organ communication networks influencing aging.
A study by Aarhus University and Nanjing University found that cultural evolution, not climate change, was the main driver of historical broad-scale biodiversity dynamics. The researchers identified the spread of agricultural land and Han culture as the cause of the extirpation of five megafauna species from much of China.
Researchers discovered that Asian black bears exhibit a twin-peak pattern of daily energy balance, peaking in spring and autumn. The study found that the bears obtain most of their energy by eating acorns in autumn.
Researchers found that temperatures exceeding present levels longer than during past interglacials suggest the Greenland Ice Sheet's fate is influenced by duration of warming. The study suggests a possible threshold for significant GIS retreat may be less than 1 °C above current levels.
Researchers aim to understand how biomolecules fold and interact to inform better drug design. The lab combines computer programming with biochemistry to model protein folding, nucleic acid dynamics, and lipid interactions.
Researchers found a massive gas disk around the 40-million-year-old star 49 Ceti, contradicting conventional planet formation predictions. The discovery raises questions about the origin of the gas and its impact on planetary composition.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new technique to increase CRISPR-Cas9 efficiency, achieving up to five times higher rates of inserting genes into human cells. This breakthrough has significant implications for clinical gene-therapy applications and basic biological research.
The Oreopithecus bambolii skeleton reveals that this late Miocene hominoid was not optimized for efficient 2-leg walking or climbing like living great apes. The species lacked key adaptations, such as pelvic stabilization and trunk stability during bipedal gait.
A new study shows that chimpanzees using complex tools to gather termites are more likely to share tools with novices and teach them skills. This behavior has implications for the evolution of human cultural abilities, suggesting a greater role for social learning in transferring complex tool traditions.
Researchers at NIMS and AIST created a bendable, stretchable vibration-powered device using a liquid electret material. The device can convert subtle vibrations into electrical signals, making it suitable for self-powered heartbeat and pulse sensors.
Researchers at EPFL have developed a system to capture CO2 directly in trucks' exhaust systems, liquefy it, and convert it into conventional fuel using renewable energy. The process recovers most of the energy available onboard, with only 10% of emissions left unrecycled, which can be offset by biomass.
A fast and inexpensive device to capture and identify various strains of virus has been developed by researchers at Penn State and New York University. The VIRRION device uses arrays of nanotubes engineered to be comparable in size to a wide range of viruses, enabling rapid detection through Raman spectroscopy.
Researchers have discovered how Zika virus protein NS1 reshapes host cell ER to facilitate viral replication. Blocking this process could lead to novel treatments for patients infected with Zika or similar viruses.
A new analytical method has been developed to address the limitations of estimating evolutionary history of various sex-determination systems. The method, based on male mutation bias, reveals that some species share an XY system for several million years before it is lost, as recently as 20-60 million years ago in some lineages.
Researchers used a new microscopic 'fishing' technique to snag thousands of proteins key to the cell skeleton. The team identified hundreds of individual proteins with yet-to-be-defined roles, including a protein called SLK that forges the link between RhoA and ERM.
A study on megafauna species distributions across eastern China over the last 2,000 years revealed strong declines for all five taxa. The expansion and intensification of agriculture, along with other cultural changes, were found to be key drivers of these declines.
A team of scientists has developed a way to quantify disease-causing mutations found only in the sperm of fathers, providing a more accurate assessment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk in future children. The method uses deep whole genome sequencing and reveals that up to 15% of fathers' sperm cells contain such mutations.
Restoring p53 using synthetic mRNA nanoparticles delays the growth of lung and liver cancer cells and makes them susceptible to available cancer drugs. The approach may also make tumors more vulnerable to cancer drugs known as mTOR inhibitors.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital and the University of Florida have identified a promising strategy to make glioblastoma susceptible to immune checkpoint inhibitors. The approach targets chemokine receptors that allow myeloid-derived suppressor cells to infiltrate tumors, leading to immunosuppression and treatment resistance.
Researchers created on-skin electronic devices with passive-cooling capabilities using a multiscale porous elastomer substrate. The devices demonstrated comparable performance to conventional electronics while being breathable, waterproof, and recyclable.
Researchers have developed a new optical atomic clock called the 'tweezer clock' that uses laser tweezers to manipulate individual atoms. This design combines the advantages of two existing approaches, offering improved accuracy and precision, and paving the way for advances in fundamental physics research and new technologies.
A study by McMaster University researchers found that levels of NT-proBNP, a common cardiac blood test, can predict cardiac and vascular complications after non-cardiac surgery. The test may help doctors identify patients at risk and inform treatment decisions.
Researchers at the University of Konstanz have successfully controlled ultrafast motion of electrons in a metallic nanocircuit using light manipulation. The new method could speed up electronic switching in devices, enabling faster processing and higher performance.
Researchers studied tool-sharing behaviors in wild chimpanzee populations, finding that mothers and females were more successful in acquiring tools. The study suggests a significant role for social learning in the context of complex tool use, potentially sharing an evolutionary origin with humans.
Researchers quantify tiny height differences and detect different atom arrangements in silicene using low-temperature atomic force microscopy. The unevenness, known as buckling, influences the material's electronic properties, unlike graphene.
Researchers have created BaZrS3 thin films with strong light absorption and good charge transport, making them ideal for photovoltaics and LEDs. The new materials could lead to more efficient solar panels and lower energy costs.
A study of 368 mothers and their children found that maternal obesity during pregnancy was strongly associated with lower motor skills in boys and scores 5 or more points lower on full-scale IQ tests at age 7. A nurturing home environment lessened these negative effects.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have made significant strides in developing a novel cancer drug that targets KRAS gene mutations, as well as chelating heavy metals with artificial proteins. Additionally, scientists have discovered a natural mechanism in human tooth enamel that prevents cracks from forming, allowing teeth to last a lifetime.
The scTRIP method allows for the study of genetic variations within a single cell and measures genetic changes directly as they form in new cells. Researchers found four times more variants in patient-derived leukaemia cells using scTRIP compared to standard clinical diagnostics.
A recent study found that obesity is a significant risk factor for cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy, particularly those receiving anthracyclines and trastuzumab. The study suggests that overweight and obese individuals may benefit from careful cardiac screening and follow-up during treatment.
Researchers used rats to demonstrate that EEG doesn't always track with being awake, raising questions about interpreting EEG data in medical decisions. The study suggests certain EEG features may not accurately capture consciousness levels, but still have value in detecting unconsciousness.