Articles tagged with Vaccination
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A new analysis predicts top 25 US counties at risk for measles outbreaks in 2019, considering non-medical exemptions, international air travel, and population data. The study identifies regions with low vaccination rates and high passenger inflow from affected countries as areas of high risk.
Researchers identify predictable changes in global measles dynamics, enabling tailored vaccination and public health programs. Countries along the 'canonical path' experience declining disease incidence with increasing yearly variability, guiding informed control efforts.
A new vaccine has been shown to be effective in preventing African Swine Fever in wild boar, with 92% protection rate. The vaccine can also pass on immunity via contact with infected animals, offering a potential solution to the spread of this deadly disease.
Researchers have developed an orally administered hepatitis B vaccine that is both effective and safe. The new vaccine uses a technique called 3D imaging to understand how the vaccine behaves in the body, leading to improved efficacy and reduced side effects.
A study by Kellogg Eye Center reveals that herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) cases tripled in 12 years, mostly affecting older adults. Shingles vaccination provides strong protection from HZO complications, but its use is not widespread.
A new study suggests that vaccination could reduce the impact of white-nose syndrome in bats by providing immunity against the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans. Bats immunized against Pd were less likely to develop WNS or die from the disease in two initial scientific trials.
Despite available safety and effectiveness, HPV vaccine coverage rates remain suboptimal. Pediatricians and nurse practitioners report using various strategies, including prompts, communication tools, and performance feedback, to improve HPV vaccination rates.
A national survey of pediatricians and family physicians reveals substantial progress in recommending HPV vaccination to adolescents over the past five years. However, significant areas for improvement exist, including physician communication style and practice-based delivery methods.
Despite the availability of a safe and effective HPV vaccine since 2006, coverage rates remain suboptimal. Pediatricians and nurse practitioners reported using various strategies to improve HPV vaccination rates, but still face challenges such as parent refusal and lack of training. The study suggests that more work is needed to overco...
A new study reveals that HPV vaccine coverage is far behind other infant vaccines, with only 13 and three US states reaching above 60% coverage by 2016. The study tracked over 7.5 million children from 2003 to 2016 and found increased uptake among girls and boys, but still fell short of the Healthy People 2020 goal of 80%.
A recent commentary warns of a preventable global resurgence of measles due to declining vaccination rates. Measles is an extremely contagious illness that can cause severe complications and death in vulnerable populations. Without renewed focus on measles vaccination efforts, the disease may rebound in full force.
A new study found that a maternal vaccine can effectively protect against HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections in mouse offspring, transferring infection-fighting antibodies to their nervous system. The vaccine has shown promise in preclinical animal models and phase 1 human trials, offering new hope for preventing neonatal herpes infections.
Measles and diphtheria have re-emerged in Venezuela with a disproportionate impact on indigenous populations, with over 7,500 measles cases reported and 100 deaths attributed to the disease. Diphtheria cases also surged, with 96% of reported cases originating from Venezuela, exposing 3 million vulnerable children to the disease.
A study highlights the importance of seeking prompt medical advice if symptoms of rabies are suspected, as delays can be fatal. Experts stress that preventive treatments are highly effective when given promptly after exposure, and encourage individuals to seek treatment immediately after a bite or scratch from an animal.
Researchers found diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough vaccination levels in Nigeria, DRC, Ethiopia, Mozambique, and Cambodia below the 80% threshold. Targeted campaigns can improve immunization service delivery, especially in areas with poor routine immunization coverage.
Researchers at the NIH have made progress toward developing an EBV vaccine by identifying key antibodies that block infection. The new vaccine candidates elicited potent anti-EBV antibody responses in animals, offering potential protection against EBV-associated cancers and infectious mononucleosis.
InDevR to showcase VaxArray technology at the BIO International Convention, leveraging NIH SBIR/STTR funding. The company has a proven track record of translating scientific ideas into commercial products.
Researchers at Mount Sinai have developed an innovative approach to cancer immunotherapy by injecting immune stimulants directly into a tumor. This 'in situ vaccination' teaches the immune system to destroy not only the primary tumor but also other tumor cells throughout the body, effectively turning the tumor into a vaccine factory.
A clinical trial shows promise of an immune-based therapy, which completely eliminated both the lesion and underlying HPV infection in a third of women enrolled. The shot triggers an immune system response to attack high-risk HPV types causing cervical cancer precursors.
Researchers suggest an oral dog vaccine hidden in food could vaccinate millions of stray dogs daily, reducing the risk of rabies transmission to humans. The combined injectable and oral vaccination approach is estimated to be more efficient and potentially cheaper.
A preclinical study has shown that a cancer preventive vaccine may be effective in preventing cancers associated with Lynch syndrome. The vaccine was found to reduce intestinal tumor burden and improve survival in mice with the genetic mutation, suggesting potential as a treatment option.
A new experimental glioblastoma vaccine developed by Jefferson and Imvax has shown promising results in a phase Ib clinical trial. The treatment was found to slow tumor recurrence and prolong patient survival in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme.
The CARD System, an evidence-based approach, reduces vaccine-associated pain, fear, and fainting in school-based clinics. Implementing this system in Ontario schools improved student symptoms and increased use of the tools.
Researchers have discovered a highly focused antibody response in dengue infection that neutralizes the virus and persists for months. The study provides new insights into the complex immune response to dengue and could lead to advanced vaccine formulations.
A survey of nearly 1,000 people in the Democratic Republic of Congo found that low public trust during the 2018 Ebola outbreak led to lower vaccination rates and increased refusal to seek care. Higher trust was linked to greater willingness to accept vaccination and seek medical attention.
Pediatric health researchers offer new insights for RSV vaccine development, highlighting the importance of type 1 interferons in infants' immune response. The study suggests strategies to enhance type 1 interferon responses and improve existing vaccines, offering hope for prevention of severe RSV disease in infants.
A study found that anti-vaccination arguments center on four distinct themes: trust, alternatives, safety, and conspiracy. Researchers developed a framework to help clinicians open conversations with vaccine-hesitant parents and resist online misinformation.
Scientists have discovered two Zika mutations that help the virus replicate in mosquito hosts but hinder its ability to replicate in mammals. This breakthrough technique allows researchers to fast-track vaccine development, potentially leading to effective treatments for birth defects caused by the virus.
A recent study using a cholera vaccine cluster trial found that conventional fecal microbiological cultures identified only 66% of patients with cholera, suggesting widespread underestimation of global cases. The study supported the sensitivity of these culture methods, but no evidence of protection was found.
Researchers have pioneered a technique to analyze tiny amounts of newborn blood, providing the most detailed accounting to date. The study establishes a common developmental pathway for the first week of a newborn's life, offering insights into newborn health and the impact of vaccines.
An international research team developed a new technique to analyze vast amounts of data from tiny amounts of newborn blood, revealing molecular changes in the first week of life. The study provides a common developmental pathway for this period, enabling further understanding of newborn health and vaccine impact.
A global team of scientists has mapped a newborn's life development in unprecedented detail, revealing thousands of changes over the first week. This breakthrough study could transform our understanding of health and disease in babies, and inform the development of optimized protective measures, including vaccines.
Researchers have developed a metric called IMM-AGE to accurately understand an individual's immune status, providing increased information for accurate prediction and management of risks. This new capability has major implications for drug development, including the design of future vaccine trials and re-evaluating past vaccine trials.
Research reveals that vaccines may be less effective at higher pathogen doses and when individuals have similar susceptibility, such as younger or malnourished populations. Mathematical modeling simulations validated these findings with real-world data from nearly 6,000 articles.
A mass measles vaccination campaign in India saved an estimated 41,000 to 56,000 children's lives between 2010 and 2013, according to a study published in eLife. The campaigns significantly reduced child mortality rates in the affected districts, with mortality rates falling by 27% compared to non-campaign states.
A simple age-based recommendation for pneumococcal vaccination at 50 may improve immunization rates and mitigate racial disparities, with potential cost-effectiveness improvements as vaccination rates increase
Researchers have developed a new vaccine strategy for tuberculosis that protects against the disease by delivering a vaccine directly into the lungs through a spray. The new formulation shows promise in mice studies, with significantly reduced lung inflammation and tissue damage compared to current vaccines.
A nationwide cohort study of Danish children found no link between MMR vaccination and autism. The study included 657,461 children and analyzed their risk for autism after vaccination. No increased risk was observed in susceptible subgroups or during specified time periods.
A study by Queen Mary University of London found a significant positive association between populist party votes and vaccine mistrust levels across Europe. The analysis suggests that scientific populism may be driven by distrust of elites and experts, contributing to rising vaccine hesitancy.
A new pan-filovirus T-cell vaccine has been developed to protect against multiple filovirus species, including Ebola and Marburg. The vaccine induces killer T cells against conserved regions of inner filovirus proteins, offering potential protection against other known and unknown viruses in the filovirus family.
The study found that the live oral typhoid vaccine Ty21a can strengthen the immune response against subsequent, unrelated infections, including those caused by other pathogens. This promising research could lead to broader protection and lower mortality rates globally.
A new analysis published in The Lancet finds that all forms of Brexit will negatively impact the NHS, but a No-Deal Brexit presents the worst scenario. The Withdrawal Agreement offers a more positive scenario compared to a No-Deal Brexit, but concerns remain about its negative impact on the NHS beyond the transition period.
A modelling study predicts that combining high uptake of HPV vaccine and high HPV-based cervical screening rates can prevent up to 13.4 million cases of cervical cancer within 50 years. Cervical cancer elimination is expected in most countries by the end of the century, with average rates falling to less than 4 cases per 100,000 women.
A Chinese national screening project found that only 0.6% and 2.4% of individuals with high cardiovascular risk were using statins and aspirin, respectively. The study highlights the need for increased risk mitigation in China's population.
A study by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania found that between 10-23% of respondents lied about their eligibility to participate in a survey when offered payment for flu vaccination status. The study suggests that offering money can encourage deception, and that lower payments may not prevent it.
Researchers from University of Barcelona analyzed Hepatitis A virus variants that can escape the effects of the vaccine. They recommend giving two doses and additional booster shots to prevent the emergence of these variants.
Researchers have developed a novel DNA vaccine capable of inducing protective immunity against the Mayaro virus, which causes fever, rash, and joint pain. The vaccine demonstrated complete protection from death and clinical signs of infection in a mouse model, offering a promising solution for combating this emerging infectious disease.
A study by Duke-NUS Medical School researchers has identified a key player in the early fight against dengue virus infection: an interaction between two types of immune cells. The discovery sheds light on how the immune system recognizes viruses and could lead to the development of better vaccines for this and similar diseases.
Researchers found that stroke incidence jumped by 61 percent within 14 days of shingles onset, with the increased risk remaining elevated for six months. The study suggests that getting the shingles vaccine may be the most effective way to prevent shingles-associated stroke risk.
Pol Besenius will develop fully synthetic vaccines using modular molecular building blocks to overcome stability and shelf life issues. The SUPRAVACC project aims to create immunological protection against bacterial diseases and anti-tumor vaccines.
A study published in PLOS Pathogens suggests that CD4+ T cells are essential for local control of viral infection and can confer protection against lethal doses of the Zika virus. The findings support the development of vaccines targeting this cell type, which may be safe and effective against infection in multiple contexts.
A Phase 1 human clinical trial has begun testing a freeze-dried, temperature-stable formulation of the experimental tuberculosis (TB) vaccine candidate ID93. The trial aims to determine if the single-vial formulation of ID93 and adjuvant GLA-SE is as effective as previously tested two-vial combination in inducing an immune response.
Only about 16% of U.S. adolescents have been fully vaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV) by age 13, despite national recommendations. Timely HPV vaccination at 11-12 years old has several advantages, including a stronger immune response and better protection against cancers.
Children with solid organ transplants are hospitalized due to vaccine-preventable infections at significantly higher rates than the general population. According to a new study, hospitalization among transplant recipients was up to 87 times higher than in the general population.
A study found that patient-centered education strategies delivered at the doctor's office increased HPV vaccination rates among adolescents. Parents who watched an educational video about the HPV vaccine had three times greater odds of choosing to receive the vaccine.
USC scientists have made groundbreaking discoveries about a tick-borne virus, including its molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. The research could lead to the development of medications and a vaccine to prevent or treat hemorrhagic fever.
Researchers found that providing universal vaccination against meningitis B infection to college students would be too costly, as the vaccine prevents only a small number of cases. However, they suggest that if the price is lowered, universal vaccination might be worth requiring on college campuses.
Scientists have developed a new vaccine against the Zika virus, which can prevent microcephaly and other serious conditions in unborn babies. The vaccine is based on the yellow fever vaccine and offers complete protection.
A new microneedle patch vaccine containing the inactivated RSV virus has been shown to be effective in enhancing protection against the disease and reducing inflammation. The vaccine, combined with an immune-stimulating compound, was found to induce a stronger immune response than traditional intramuscular vaccination.
Qualitative analyses suggest vaccine-based strategies can outperform antibiotic-centered approaches in certain cases, limiting AMR spread and preserving the human microbiome. Vaccine development is crucial to address growing AMR concerns, as indicated by studies highlighting vaccines' potential economic benefits.