Articles tagged with Brain Injuries
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A study found that more than 80% of bike share riders in Boston and Washington D.C. do not wear helmets, putting them at risk for head injuries. The study suggests helmet use can reduce head injury by up to 88%.
Researchers developed a non-invasive monitoring technique to assess changes in brain arteries, detecting brain damage in 61 children undergoing heart repair surgery. The 'hemoglobin volume index' allowed for real-time detection of brain injury and potential adjustments to blood pressure management.
A study of Swedish boxers found elevated protein levels in brain fluid after bouts, indicating nerve cell damage. The study suggests that Olympic boxing may cause similar brain injury to Alzheimer's disease.
A study led by Dr. Joshua Gatson reveals that estrone, an estrogen hormone, promotes brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which supports cell survival after traumatic brain injury. The findings indicate a fresh avenue for future research on protective capabilities of estrogen hormones.
Researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center have developed a new device called mechanical tissue resuscitation (MTR) that uses negative pressure to reduce cell death and improve brain function after traumatic brain injury. The technology showed significant promise in reducing brain swelling and preserving more than 50% of damaged...
The study found that woodpeckers' cranial bones have a higher ultimate strength than larks, thanks to more plate-like spongy bone. This structure helps resist deformation during pecking, reducing stress on the brain. The beaks of both birds exhibit similar ultimate strengths.
Dr. John Whyte is the recipient of Kessler Foundation's 2nd Annual Joel A. DeLisa, MD Award for his contributions to rehabilitation strategies and outcomes for people with severe brain injury. The award includes a $50,000 grant for his research activities.
The National Collegiate Athletic Association is funding a study to examine the effects of sports-related concussions on student-athletes over their college careers and beyond. The study aims to identify factors that contribute to later problems, such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy, in order to minimize risks.
Traumatic brain injury is rising among the elderly, particularly those over 70, due to an increase in falls. Older adults are more susceptible to worse outcomes, including bleeding in the brain, chronic diseases, medication use, and reduced brain repair capabilities with age. Early interventions can still yield positive results.
A recent study published in PloS ONE suggests that immediate skull reconstruction following traumatic brain injury can exacerbate brain damage. In contrast, delaying surgical repair for two days resulted in reduced secondary brain swelling and damage in animal models.
The February issue of NeuroRehabilitation assesses factors affecting rehab of Spanish-speaking individuals with neurological and psychiatric disorders. Cultural differences may influence the rehabilitation process, resulting in limited access to services.
Researchers argue that UK law on cycle helmets should apply only to kids due to equivocal evidence of adult protection. The authors suggest a paternalistic approach and instead recommend public health information to empower adults to make their own decisions about helmet-wearing.
A new study by University of Pennsylvania researchers finds that aggressive treatment for severe traumatic brain injuries significantly improves outcomes and reduces long-term costs. The study suggests that invasive interventions like ICP monitoring and decompressive craniotomies are cost-effective across all patient populations, inclu...
A case report reveals the devastating consequences of dabigatran-induced brain hemorrhage, emphasizing the importance of rapid assessment and intervention after minor head trauma in patients taking anticoagulant medications. The study's findings underscore the need for medical providers to be aware of this high-risk complication.
A study published in the Journal of Neurosurgery found that aggressive treatment of severe traumatic brain injury results in better patient outcomes and is cost-effective across all age groups. Aggressive care outperformed routine care, while comfort care had poor outcomes and high costs.
Children with mild traumatic brain injuries are at higher risk for long-term cognitive and somatic complaints, including inattention and headaches. The study found that children with mild TBI were more likely to exhibit reliable increases in both cognitive and somatic symptoms.
A powerful new imaging technique called High Definition Fiber Tracking (HDFT) has been developed to clearly see for the first time neural connections broken by traumatic brain injury. HDFT scans have identified disruptions in neural pathways, allowing researchers to pinpoint breaks in the cables and quantify the proportion of fibers lost.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology found that physiological problems from concussions can last longer than symptoms, even after standard testing subside. MEPs showed delays in response time and smaller size, which continued until day 10, with these changes increasing as symptoms decreased.
Researchers found that clazosentan decreased the effects of TBI on blood flow by 25% at four hours and 23% at 48 hours. The drug was most effective when given at two hours post-injury and again at 24 hours after trauma.
Researchers found that traumatic brain injuries increased susceptibility to PTSD and anxiety disorders in rats, highlighting the need for precautions against stressful situations. The study suggests a mechanistic link between TBI and PTSD, with the amygdala playing a critical role.
Researchers found that padding reduced linear impact dosages, but did not eliminate rotational injury risk. They also discovered a heightened risk of brain strain injury in both boxing and MMA, despite padding, emphasizing the need for improved protective measures.
Skiers and snowboarders in Canada face inadequate protection from current helmet standards, which are less stringent than US and European ones. Health experts call for stricter regulations to ensure helmets can withstand multiple impacts and provide superior protection for various head sizes and weights.
The University of South Florida has received a $1.57 million grant to conduct research on traumatic brain injury and other battlefield-related injuries. The studies aim to improve the quality of life for military personnel returning from Iraq and Afghanistan.
The Pediatric Emergency Research of Canada team has made significant advances in treating childhood conditions like croup, bronchiolitis, and mild head injuries. Their research has led to substantial improvements in treatment outcomes and reduced healthcare costs.
Research from CHEO Institute finds ice hockey and bicycle helmets provide better protection against head injuries during winter activities like tobogganing; alpine ski helmets have limited effectiveness. All helmets are protective, but parents should educate their children on safety measures.
Researchers found increases in brain areas compensating for the injured side and decreases in areas not being used due to the cast or sling. This study supports current trauma surgery guidelines recommending immobilization 'as short as possible, as long as necessary',
Researchers at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston identified key molecular mechanisms by which implanted human neural stem cells aid recovery from traumatic axonal injury. The study found that stem cell transplantation prevents further axonal injury and promotes axonal regrowth through the secretion of glial derived ne...
The US military is using acupuncture to help wounded warriors with pain, PTSD, and mild traumatic brain injury. A special issue of Medical Acupuncture explores the potential uses of acupuncture in the military and current research activities.
A large Swedish study found that having epilepsy is not directly linked to committing violent crime, contradicting common public opinion. However, individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury were more likely to commit violent crimes after diagnosis.
The FDA approved the first handheld device to detect life-threatening brain bleeding, which could be a lifesaver for Sailors and Marines. The portable Infrascanner reveals intracranial hematomas after an injury, allowing for early diagnosis and treatment.
A research team has developed a handheld, mobile device capable of rapidly detecting brain injuries such as hematomas in patients with traumatic brain injuries. The device uses near-infrared imaging to detect changes in blood volume and can be used for quick screenings before more expensive imaging techniques.
Jordan Grafman, director of traumatic brain injury research, has received the prestigious Humboldt Research Award for his significant contributions to understanding brain function and behavior. The award recognizes his work on cognitive neuroplasticity and its applications in medicine, rehabilitation, and psychology.
A study found that high tau protein levels in fluid bathing the brain are linked to poor recovery after head trauma. Patients with higher initial tau levels had worse outcomes six to 12 months later.
A recent study published in Lancet Neurology has found that brain tsunamis, or 'killer waves,' contribute to poor outcomes in patients with major head injuries. Researchers have identified a phenomenon called cortical spreading depolarizations, which can cause further damage to the brain.
Researchers found that long neuropsychological tests can induce mental fatigue in healthy, athletically active subjects. The study aims to establish a baseline measurement for concussion diagnosis and prevent re-injuries by testing athletes at the beginning of their season.
The Virginia Tech – Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences has received two new research projects from Toyota's Collaborative Safety Research Center. The projects aim to improve the understanding of traumatic brain injuries and abdominal injuries, with a focus on reducing risk in automobile impacts and foo...
Researchers at Kessler Foundation will investigate the impact of cognitive reserve on thinking, learning, and memory after traumatic brain injury. The study aims to develop strategies that reduce risk for cognitive problems in individuals with TBI.
Researchers used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to study the effects of soccer 'heading' and found that frequent headers can lead to degeneration of brain cells. Brain areas responsible for attention, memory, and visual functions showed significant changes in FA values with high heading frequencies.
Researchers found that frequent soccer heading can cause brain injury and cognitive impairment, particularly in areas responsible for attention, memory, and executive functioning. A threshold level of approximately 1,000 to 1,500 heads per year was identified, with higher frequencies associated with significant injury.
Research led by Dr. Paul Harch found that hyperbaric oxygen therapy significantly improved function and quality of life for veterans with traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic stress disorder. The treatment showed improvements in symptoms, cognitive testing, quality of life measurements, and PTSD symptoms.
The article discusses innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for traumatic brain injury, including novel biomaterials, biomechanics, and simulation technology. Leading research articles explore the effects of brain trauma, nerve regeneration, and neuroprotection.
A 14mm ridged lesion in the Maba cranium, a 126,000-year-old East Asian human fossil from China, suggests evidence of interhuman aggression and human-induced trauma. The wound's remodelled and healed condition indicates survival of a serious brain injury.
Experts from the Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine will discuss advances in personalized medicine for neuromuscular care, as well as treatment strategies for traumatic brain injuries. They will also explore the integration of handheld technologies into practice management.
A University of Rochester Medical Center study found that high school football and hockey players showed subtle brain injuries after routine head hits, even without concussions. The research used diffusion tensor imaging to detect changes in white matter, which are similar to axonal injury at the cellular level.
A new study by Rutgers neuroscientist Bonnie Firestein suggests that increased production of protein cypin may prevent long-term brain damage after a stroke. Cypin helps nerve cells survive, while excessive PSD-95 accelerates cell destruction and inhibits recovery.
A recent study by the American Academy of Pediatrics found that 30% of children hospitalized due to sledding suffered significant head injuries, and 10% had permanent disabilities. Researchers emphasize the need for public education campaigns promoting helmet use and awareness of potential dangers on sled courses.
A study funded by the Department of Defense aims to understand the long-term effects of traumatic brain injury on soldiers. The researchers hope to develop better treatments for post-traumatic epilepsy and headache, two conditions often occurring together after TBI.
A study found that performing tracheostomies within seven days of a severe head injury improves overall patient outcome. This is especially true for patients with a reasonable chance of survival, where early tracheostomy reduces the risk of complications and increases the likelihood of discharge in an independent state.
A new study at Brown University measures head blows during games and practices over three seasons, documenting that running backs and quarterbacks suffer the hardest hits to the head. Linemen, however, were hit on the head most often, with doctors warning about the potential for subconcussive neurological damage from repeated impacts.
A new study in CMAJ found significant variability in death rates following withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy, with 32% of patients dying in hospital. The rate varied across centers, with about half of deaths occurring within three days.
Researchers at UCLA found that traumatic brain injury increases risk of Parkinson's disease, with a moderate injury causing a 15% loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Exposure to the pesticide paraquat doubles this risk and accelerates neuronal degeneration.
A study published in Journal of Neurotrauma found that over 70% of patients with traumatic brain injury reported headaches during the first year after their injury. Females and individuals with a pre-injury history of headache were significantly more likely to experience post-injury headaches.
Researchers are studying biomarkers in the blood of TBI patients to improve diagnosis and treatment. The study aims to validate biomarkers as predictors of clinical outcome and evaluate the relationship between progesterone treatment and biomarker levels.
A study has found that patients with mild traumatic brain injury exhibit abnormal functional connectivity in the thalamus, a key relay station for brain information. The disruption of this connectivity may contribute to various post-traumatic symptoms, including depression and anxiety.
Researchers at Harvard have identified the mechanism for diffuse axonal injury and explained why cerebral vasospasm is more common in blast-induced brain injuries. Treating neural tissue with a ROCK inhibitor within minutes of injury may lead to viable treatments, according to the study.
Researchers found abnormal tau tangles and amyloid-beta plaques in survivors years after a single TBI, suggesting a potential link between the two conditions. The study suggests that a single TBI may initiate long-term neurodegenerative processes, offering new insights into the development of Alzheimer's disease.
Research found that premature infants with abnormal brain ultrasounds are at increased risk for specific psychiatric disorders. The study followed a group of premature infants until age 16 and found a relation between perinatal brain injuries and certain psychiatric disorders.
A history of psychiatric illness before TBI is strongly predictive of post-TBI psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric symptoms during the acute post-injury period and concurrent limb injuries also increase the risk of psychiatric illnesses.
A recent study published in Rehabilitation Psychology found that TBI victims who feel a strong connection to a higher power experience better emotional and physical rehabilitation outcomes. Social support also played a significant role in positive health outcomes.
Research reveals a significant decline of up to 29% in bicycle-related head injuries immediately after NSW mandated helmet use. The study supports the maintenance of mandatory helmet laws, but cautions against seeing helmets as a panacea for bike safety.