Cooling may prevent trauma-induced epilepsy
A new study in rats indicates that gentle brain cooling after injury may prevent seizures in humans, a finding that could lead to a safe and relatively simple way to treat patients with head injuries.
Brain Injuries
Articles tagged with Brain Injuries
Study suggests genetic predisposition to brain injury after preterm birth is sex-specific
A new study finds that a genetic variant in the inflammation gene interleukin-6 is associated with developmental problems in females after preterm birth, but not in males. The research may help identify prevention strategies for preterm brain injury and improve understanding of how it occurs.
Vascular brain injury greater risk factor than amyloid plaques in cognitive aging
A study by UC Davis researchers found that vascular brain injury, not amyloid plaques, has the greatest impact on cognitive domains. Vascular brain injury was associated with worse memory and executive function, while amyloid deposition had little to no effect.
Traumatic brain injury complications common among US combat soldiers
A study found that traumatic brain injury complications, including cerebral vasospasm and intracranial hypertension, are prevalent among US combat soldiers. Researchers analyzed data from 122 patients with traumatic brain injuries and found that over 40% had high intracranial pressure.
ASU, Phoenix Children's Hospital expand biomedical research partnership
Researchers at ASU are collaborating with clinicians at Phoenix Children's Hospital to develop biomarkers for nervous system disorders and a personalized vaccine for malignant brain tumors. They aim to translate pre-clinical results into safe and efficient clinical studies.
In combat vets and others, high rate of vision problems after traumatic brain injury
A study published in Optometry and Vision Science found high rates of vision problems in both military and civilian patients with TBI, including difficulty reading and light sensitivity. Comprehensive eye examinations are recommended following even mild traumatic brain injury.
Oxygen chamber can boost brain repair
Researchers at Tel Aviv University found that hyperbaric oxygen therapy significantly resuscitated activity in damaged brains, even years after initial injury. The treatment increased oxygen levels in the body, supplying energy for rebuilding neuronal connections and stimulating inactive neurons.
UCLA study first to image concussion-related abnormal brain proteins in retired NFL players
Researchers have developed a new technique to identify abnormal tau proteins associated with repetitive head injuries, potentially leading to earlier diagnosis and tracking of brain disorders. The study used PET scans to detect elevated levels of FDDNP in the brains of five retired NFL players.
New research on military traumatic brain injury
Studies show that mild TBI can lead to chronic cognitive, behavioral, and psychological problems in service members. Research highlights associations between TBI, PTSD, depression, and pain, underscoring the need for further treatment and rehabilitation approaches.
Risk factors identified for prolonged sports concussion symptoms
Clear risk factors have been identified for prolonged sports concussion symptoms, including four or more initial symptoms and drowsiness. These findings could change return to play guidelines, prioritizing individualized assessments rather than one-size-fits-all policies.
New Carnegie Mellon research reveals exactly how the human brain adapts to injury
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University discovered that when one brain area is injured, a 'back-up' team of secondary brain areas immediately activates, replacing the unavailable area and its confederates. This allows individuals to continue functioning after key brain areas have been damaged.
Is there a period of increased vulnerability for repeat traumatic brain injury?
Researchers found that children and young adults are at increased risk of repeat traumatic brain injury due to a metabolic slowdown in the brain. A specific time frame after initial injury, hours to days, poses the greatest risk.
Cognitive deficits from concussions still present after 2 months
Researchers found that high school athletes experienced compromised focus and task-switching abilities for up to two months after brain concussions. The study's findings suggest that athletes may need longer recovery periods than current practices dictate to minimize the risk of subsequent concussions.
USF and VA researchers find long-term consequences for those suffering traumatic brain injury
A study by USF and VA researchers found that traumatic brain injury leads to progressive brain deterioration, causing elevated inflammation and suppressed cell regeneration. Therapeutic intervention can still help prevent cell death in the chronic stage of TBI.
New understanding of nerve damage caused by spinal cord injury could improve treatment design
A new study published in Journal of Neurotrauma reveals that the premotoneuronal system in the cervical spine may be involved in permanent limb impairment after spinal cord injury. The research proposes a potential target for therapeutic strategies to promote recovery and repair.
No need for routine repeated CT scans after mild head trauma, reports neurosurgery
A new study questions the need for routinely obtaining repeated CT scans in patients with mild head trauma, suggesting that it is unnecessary when patients are unchanged or improving neurologically. The study found that only two patients had a change in treatment based solely on routine repeated CT scans.
MRIs reveal signs of brain injuries not seen in CT scans, UCSF/SFGH researchers report
A clinical trial by UCSF researchers found that hospital MRIs are better at predicting long-term outcomes for people with mild traumatic brain injuries than CT scans. The study revealed detectable spots on MRI scans called focal lesions, which helped doctors predict persistent neurological problems in patients with 'normal' CT scans.
Traumatic brain injury study finds standard of care not a significant improvement
Researchers found no significant improvement in traumatic brain injury treatment with intracranial pressure monitoring, suggesting a need for more focused and less unnecessary treatment. The study's findings bring new energy to the management of traumatic brain injury, an 'orphan disease' that affects millions worldwide.
Kessler awarded $2 million federal grant for Northern NJ Traumatic Brain Injury System
The Northern New Jersey Traumatic Brain Injury System (NNJTBIS) aims to improve quality of life for individuals with traumatic brain injury through a comprehensive system of care, research, education, and dissemination. The five-year grant funds cognitive rehabilitation strategies to help manage memory loss after TBI.
Concussions affect children's brains even after symptoms subside
A study found that brain changes in children who suffered a concussion persisted for over three months, despite the disappearance of symptoms. The researchers used advanced imaging techniques to monitor recovery and suggested that using these methods could help diagnose and treat concussions in children.
BU, VA study describes 68 CTE cases in veterans, high school, college and pro athletes
A recent study at Boston University School of Medicine describes 68 cases of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) among deceased athletes and military veterans. The research, the largest case series to date, found that CTE can only be diagnosed postmortem but may not progress in all individuals.
Rules limiting aggression should reduce hockey injuries
A new study published in CMAJ found that rules limiting aggression in ice hockey, such as bodychecking, can significantly reduce injuries among young players, including serious brain and spine injuries. The study suggests that interventions based on rule changes showed the greatest likelihood of making ice hockey safer for youth.
Study spells out hat trick for making hockey safer
A new study found that mandatory rules, such as restrictions on body checking, can decrease penalties and injuries in ice hockey, particularly among young players. Researchers at St. Michael's Hospital recommend combining rule changes with educational strategies to promote sportsmanship and reduce brain injuries.
Concussion and its association with contact sports
New research reveals higher concussion incidence rates in female hockey players compared to males, emphasizing the need for reevaluation of concussion definition. Advanced imaging techniques and neuropsychological assessments were used to track changes in brain function over an entire season.
Dr. Deluca of Kessler Foundation receives medical excellence award for MS research
Dr. John DeLuca, Vice President for Research and Training at Kessler Foundation, is recognized for his pioneering work in cognitive rehabilitation and MS research. He aims to restore and maintain cognitive function through innovative methods and collaborations with international partners.
Imaging shows some brains compensate after traumatic injury
Researchers used MRI to image patients with mild traumatic brain injury and found that some brains compensate for damage by changing water flow patterns. This compensation is associated with fewer post-concussion symptoms and higher functioning, suggesting a potential new approach to treating traumatic brain injury.
Worldwide incidence of traumatic brain injury could be six times higher than previous estimates
A new study estimates that 54-60 million people worldwide suffer from traumatic brain injuries each year, with men and Maori people being disproportionately affected. The true annual incidence of mild TBI is substantially higher than previous WHO estimates, with rates highest in children and younger adults.
Citicoline does not improve functional, cognitive status in patients with traumatic brain injury
A study of over 1,200 participants found no significant improvement in cognitive and functional status for those treated with citicoline after traumatic brain injury, contradicting its widespread use as a neuroprotective agent.
Traumatic brain injury patients, supercomputer simulations studied to improve helmets
Researchers use supercomputer simulations and clinical studies to identify threshold levels of stress for better helmet designs. The sensors could alert sufferers to potential problems, helping military and civilian populations.
Should hyperbaric oxygen therapy be used to treat combat-related mild traumatic brain injury?
A prospective trial evaluated HBO2 therapy on post-concussion symptoms in military servicepersons with at least one combat-related mild TBI. Both treatment groups showed significant improvement in concussion assessment and cognitive testing scores over the course of the study.
Head injury + pesticide exposure = Triple the risk of Parkinson's disease
A new study published by the American Academy of Neurology reveals a significant link between head injuries and pesticide exposure to an increased risk of Parkinson's disease. People with Parkinson's were found to be three times more likely to have had a head injury and exposure to paraquat, a common herbicide.
Helmets save lives of skiers and snowboarders
A new study published in the Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery found that wearing helmets significantly reduces head injuries and saves lives among skiers and snowboarders. The research suggests that helmet use does not increase the risk of injury, contradicting long-held myths.
Brain injury and stress disorder strong indicators of vision problems for veterans
Two studies highlight the strong indicators of vision problems in veterans with traumatic brain injury and stress disorder, including chronic vision disorders and dry eye syndrome. The studies found that these conditions can persist for years after the initial injury and may be more prevalent than previously recognized.
New hope for survivors of stroke and traumatic brain injury
A new study published in CNS Drugs found that a single dose of etanercept can rapidly improve chronic neurological dysfunction caused by stroke or traumatic brain injury, even years after the event. The observational study involved 629 patients and documented positive effects on motor impairment, spasticity, cognition, and more.
High schools with athletic trainers have more diagnosed concussions, fewer overall injuries
A recent study found that high schools with athletic trainers have lower overall injury rates, with concussion injury rates being 8.05 times higher in schools without athletic trainers. Athletic trainers play a crucial role in preventing, diagnosing and managing concussions and other injuries.
AAP offers new guidelines to prevent cheerleading injuries
The American Academy of Pediatrics has released new guidelines to prevent cheerleading injuries, highlighting the need for qualified coaches, access to medical care, and injury surveillance. The guidelines aim to reduce catastrophic injuries, which account for 66% of all high school female athlete injuries.
New advance could help soldiers, athletes, others rebound from traumatic brain injuries
Researchers have developed a new treatment for traumatic brain injury (TBI), using nanoparticles to rapidly restore blood flow to the brain. In laboratory rats, the nanoparticles acted like antioxidants, reducing free-radical buildup and killing brain cells.
Bicycle helmets prevent fatal head injuries
A recent study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that cyclists who died from head injuries were three times more likely not to be wearing a helmet compared to those who died from other causes. The study analyzed data from 129 accidental cycling deaths in Ontario and concluded that wearing helmets can save lives.
Traumatic injury research working to improve the lives of citizens and soldiers
New studies using transgenic mice to detect landmines and test dietary supplements for brain injuries show promise in reducing trauma and suffering. Scientists are gaining better understanding of brain damage from injuries, potentially leading to effective early intervention and practical applications.
White construction workers in Illinois get higher workers' comp settlements: Study
A study by researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago found that white non-Hispanic construction workers in Illinois receive higher workers' compensation settlements compared to Hispanic or black workers with similar injuries and disabilities. The disparity amounted to approximately $6,000 more for white non-Hispanic claimants.
Criteria used to diagnose sports head injuries found to be inconsistent
Athletes who experience repeated impacts to the head may be at risk of neurological and psychiatric problems. A study of 450 students found that the way concussions are diagnosed varies greatly and may not accurately determine who is at risk.
Kessler Foundation scientists awarded New Jersey grants for brain injury research
Researchers Dr. Helen Genova and Starla Weaver received three-year grants to investigate cognitive function after traumatic brain injury. They aim to develop strategies for rehabilitation using neuroimaging techniques like diffusion tensor imaging.
Advancing the treatment of trauma
A new series published in The Lancet presents laboratory research and clinical trial results on traumatic brain injury, haemorrhagic shock and major musculoskeletal injuries. Researchers identified promising avenues for improving patient outcomes, including innovative treatments for these complex conditions.
Disability caused by traumatic brain injury in children may persist and stop improving after 2 years
A recent study published in the Journal of Neurotrauma found that children who suffered moderate or severe traumatic brain injuries may still experience substantial functional disabilities and reduced quality of life two years after the injury. The authors suggest that a plateau is reached in recovery beyond this period.
Neural implant recovers ability to make decisions
Researchers developed a neural prosthesis to restore decision-making processes in monkeys with disrupted cognitive function. The device, which stimulated specific brain cells, improved performance and even surpassed normal conditions.
UNH researcher receives NFL Charities grant to advance work on football equipment
A University of New Hampshire researcher has received a $62,521 grant from NFL Charities to study the safe removal of protective equipment from injured players. The grant will allow Erik Swartz to work with high-fidelity human patient simulators at WakeMed Health and Hospitals in Raleigh, N.C.
AAO-HNSF 2012 daily miniseminars highlights
The 2012 AAO-HNSF Annual Meeting featured cutting-edge research on aging, sleep apnea, chronic rhinosinusitis, and hearing loss. Attendees could access approximately 100 miniseminars, 250 scientific sessions, and 445 posters.
CDC traumatic brain injury study to test treatments, examine outcomes
A 5-year, multi-site study will investigate treatment effects on functional, psychosocial, and disability outcomes after traumatic brain injury in children aged 8-18. The study aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for parents of children with TBI.
Pitt: Targeted oxidation-blocker prevents secondary damage after traumatic brain injury
Researchers developed an agent that blocks cardiolipin oxidation, preventing cell death and preserving function in rats with severe traumatic brain injury. The study suggests a targeted oxidation-blocker may also be beneficial in treating other neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease and stroke.
Spending more on trauma care doesn't translate to higher survival rates
Researchers found that despite similar survival rates, trauma patients in the western United States face higher treatment costs than those in the northeastern region. Analysis of national patient records revealed significant regional differences in care costs, with the west spending up to 35% more on liver injury treatments.
Study examines racial/ethnic disparities in cranial CT among children
Research suggests racial/ethnic disparities exist in the use of cranial CT scans among children with minor blunt head trauma, particularly for those at lowest or intermediate risk. Children from white non-Hispanic backgrounds may be more likely to undergo the procedure, while those from black or Hispanic backgrounds have lower odds.
DeLuca of Kessler Foundation receives research award from American Psychological Association
Dr. John DeLuca, VP of Research at Kessler Foundation, received the 2012 Roger G. Barker Distinguished Research Contribution Award from the American Psychological Association for his groundbreaking research on cognitive effects of brain injury and multiple sclerosis. The award recognizes his lifelong contributions to rehabilitation psy...
Concussions and head impacts may accelerate brain aging
Researchers found that concussions and even lesser head impacts can speed up the brain's natural aging process, causing changes in gait, balance, attention, and impulse control. The study suggests a cumulative effect of repeated head impacts on the risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease.
New drug could treat Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis and brain injury
A new class of drug developed at Northwestern University has shown early promise in reducing inflammation in the brain, which is a common denominator in these neurological diseases. The drug targets proinflammatory cytokines and prevents their overproduction, preventing damage to synapses and neurons.
Better management of traumatic brain injury
Researchers identified two enzymes, t-PA and MMP-3, that promote injury severity following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Inhibiting these enzymes may protect the brain from TBI by blocking the activation of MMP-3, which causes damage. The study provides a promising therapeutic target for treating human TBI.
Recovery from pediatric brain injury a lifelong process, experts say
Children's recovery from pediatric brain injury extends beyond medical care to involve the entire circle of family, friends, and healthcare providers. Recent research highlights the importance of 'family-centered' approaches and innovative interventions to promote self-worth, education as rehabilitation, and community reintegration.
Traumatic brain injury the focus of American Headache Society scientific conference
The American Headache Society is focusing on traumatic brain injury in its scientific conference, with experts discussing earlier detection, prompt treatment, and prevention. The conference aims to raise awareness of the issue and reduce long-term consequences for affected individuals.
Outcomes for children after brain injury difficult to predict and highly variable
Brain injury in children is a complex and unpredictable condition, with no single best approach to predicting outcomes. Advanced imaging tests are often used in adults but have not been studied for use in children. Prevention of injury and tailored approaches are key to improving outcomes.
Novel brain imaging technique explains why concussions affect people differently
Researchers have found that concussion victims have unique spatial patterns of brain abnormalities that change over time. DTI and EZ-MAP analysis reveal distinct patterns of low and high fractional anisotropy, suggesting a response to injury and potential compensatory mechanisms.
Study links PTSD to hidden head injuries suffered in combat
Researchers found an association between mild traumatic brain injury and PTSD severity using advanced imaging techniques. The study suggests that subtle brain injury can predispose soldiers to psychiatric illness when coupled with extreme chronic stress.