Articles tagged with Brain Injuries
Research led by Dr. Paul Harch found that hyperbaric oxygen therapy significantly improved function and quality of life for veterans with traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic stress disorder. The treatment showed improvements in symptoms, cognitive testing, quality of life measurements, and PTSD symptoms.
The article discusses innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for traumatic brain injury, including novel biomaterials, biomechanics, and simulation technology. Leading research articles explore the effects of brain trauma, nerve regeneration, and neuroprotection.
A 14mm ridged lesion in the Maba cranium, a 126,000-year-old East Asian human fossil from China, suggests evidence of interhuman aggression and human-induced trauma. The wound's remodelled and healed condition indicates survival of a serious brain injury.
Experts from the Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine will discuss advances in personalized medicine for neuromuscular care, as well as treatment strategies for traumatic brain injuries. They will also explore the integration of handheld technologies into practice management.
A University of Rochester Medical Center study found that high school football and hockey players showed subtle brain injuries after routine head hits, even without concussions. The research used diffusion tensor imaging to detect changes in white matter, which are similar to axonal injury at the cellular level.
A new study by Rutgers neuroscientist Bonnie Firestein suggests that increased production of protein cypin may prevent long-term brain damage after a stroke. Cypin helps nerve cells survive, while excessive PSD-95 accelerates cell destruction and inhibits recovery.
A recent study by the American Academy of Pediatrics found that 30% of children hospitalized due to sledding suffered significant head injuries, and 10% had permanent disabilities. Researchers emphasize the need for public education campaigns promoting helmet use and awareness of potential dangers on sled courses.
A study funded by the Department of Defense aims to understand the long-term effects of traumatic brain injury on soldiers. The researchers hope to develop better treatments for post-traumatic epilepsy and headache, two conditions often occurring together after TBI.
A study found that performing tracheostomies within seven days of a severe head injury improves overall patient outcome. This is especially true for patients with a reasonable chance of survival, where early tracheostomy reduces the risk of complications and increases the likelihood of discharge in an independent state.
A new study at Brown University measures head blows during games and practices over three seasons, documenting that running backs and quarterbacks suffer the hardest hits to the head. Linemen, however, were hit on the head most often, with doctors warning about the potential for subconcussive neurological damage from repeated impacts.
A new study in CMAJ found significant variability in death rates following withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy, with 32% of patients dying in hospital. The rate varied across centers, with about half of deaths occurring within three days.
Researchers at UCLA found that traumatic brain injury increases risk of Parkinson's disease, with a moderate injury causing a 15% loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Exposure to the pesticide paraquat doubles this risk and accelerates neuronal degeneration.
A study published in Journal of Neurotrauma found that over 70% of patients with traumatic brain injury reported headaches during the first year after their injury. Females and individuals with a pre-injury history of headache were significantly more likely to experience post-injury headaches.
Researchers are studying biomarkers in the blood of TBI patients to improve diagnosis and treatment. The study aims to validate biomarkers as predictors of clinical outcome and evaluate the relationship between progesterone treatment and biomarker levels.
A study has found that patients with mild traumatic brain injury exhibit abnormal functional connectivity in the thalamus, a key relay station for brain information. The disruption of this connectivity may contribute to various post-traumatic symptoms, including depression and anxiety.
Researchers at Harvard have identified the mechanism for diffuse axonal injury and explained why cerebral vasospasm is more common in blast-induced brain injuries. Treating neural tissue with a ROCK inhibitor within minutes of injury may lead to viable treatments, according to the study.
Researchers found abnormal tau tangles and amyloid-beta plaques in survivors years after a single TBI, suggesting a potential link between the two conditions. The study suggests that a single TBI may initiate long-term neurodegenerative processes, offering new insights into the development of Alzheimer's disease.
Research found that premature infants with abnormal brain ultrasounds are at increased risk for specific psychiatric disorders. The study followed a group of premature infants until age 16 and found a relation between perinatal brain injuries and certain psychiatric disorders.
A history of psychiatric illness before TBI is strongly predictive of post-TBI psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric symptoms during the acute post-injury period and concurrent limb injuries also increase the risk of psychiatric illnesses.
A recent study published in Rehabilitation Psychology found that TBI victims who feel a strong connection to a higher power experience better emotional and physical rehabilitation outcomes. Social support also played a significant role in positive health outcomes.
Research reveals a significant decline of up to 29% in bicycle-related head injuries immediately after NSW mandated helmet use. The study supports the maintenance of mandatory helmet laws, but cautions against seeing helmets as a panacea for bike safety.
A new study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that introducing bodychecking into Bantam ice hockey does not increase overall injury rates or concussion risk, regardless of prior experience.
A recent study published in CMAJ found that introducing bodychecking at the Pee Wee level reduces injury risk, particularly for Bantam players, with a 33% lower risk of more than seven days' loss from playing time.
A public health approach is needed to prevent childhood sports injuries from leading to lifelong disabilities. The annual rate of catastrophic injury in sports is 6.9 per 100,000 participants, with many children and youth under age 21 affected.
The US construction industry has the highest number of traumatic brain injuries (TBI), with a fatality rate of 0.8 per 100,000 workers per year. Falls are the leading cause of fatal TBI, accounting for 29% of all fatalities.
A recent study from the University of Michigan found that young people who have sustained a head injury are more likely to engage in violent behavior. The research also showed that recent head injuries were even more strongly linked to violent behavior.
Researchers used advanced imaging technique to detect blast-related injuries in US military personnel, finding abnormalities in brain white matter. These findings suggest fundamental differences between blast-related and civilian traumatic brain injuries.
A study published in the journal Brain found that electrical disturbances in the brain, known as cortical spreading depolarizations, are associated with poor recovery and long-lasting outcomes after neurotrauma. These disturbances can be invisible on routine EEG exams but represent extreme changes in voltage.
Researchers have identified a protective molecule in the brain that can rescue damaged cells and prevent further damage. By artificially increasing levels of this compound, KCC2, scientists hope to develop new treatments for conditions like stroke, epilepsy, and Alzheimer's.
Researchers found that a gene called notum determines whether planarian regrow head or tail at amputation sites. This study suggests that animals can 'decide' what needs to be regenerated based on tissue orientation at wound sites.
A University of Illinois professor chaired a committee that recommends providing at least 50% of normal caloric intake, including higher protein, to reduce inflammation and promote brain repair in TBI patients. The guidelines aim to improve recovery rates for veterans and individuals with other traumatic brain injuries.
Researchers discovered that wearing body armor fully protected mice brains from axonal nerve cell damage in critical parts of the brain. Body armor shielded mice from over 80% of axonal damage observed in the brain's visual pathways.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a radar system that can detect concussions by analyzing a person's gait pattern. The system, which is faster and less intrusive than existing techniques, uses a 10.5 GHz continuous wave radar to identify anomalies in an individual's walk. This could help coaches and commanders quickly decide i...
A recent study of NHL concussions over seven seasons found that rates have declined, but the time lag between injury and return to play has increased. The study identified clinical signs and symptoms that predict longer game time losses, emphasizing the need for education and caution in managing concussions.
A study by neurosurgeons at the University of Rochester Medical Center found that anti-depressants can boost brain cells after injury, improving depression and memory. The medication, imipramine, increased the number of neurons in the hippocampus, a key area for memory, and enhanced novel object recognition tests.
A major NHL concussion study found that while injury rates leveled out, the number of days lost per concussion has increased. Headache and low energy were significant predictors of post-concussion time loss.
Concussions are prevalent in junior hockey leagues, with up to 25% of players sustaining injuries. Banning bodychecking could decrease the risk of concussions, reducing their impact on academic and athletic performance. The proposal aims to break a vicious cycle where young athletes learn to play in a way that causes injury.
Researcher Theresa Pape is developing therapies to jump-start the lives of patients with traumatic brain injury, often falling through the cracks of the medical system. Her innovative clinical trials test the effectiveness of familiar voice intervention and transcranial magnetic stimulation in awakening patients.
A new journal, Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management, explores the use of therapeutic hypothermia to improve survival rates after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The therapy has been shown to reduce brain injury risk in approximately 400,000 people who suffer from cardiac arrest annually.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that neural stem cells in the brain's memory area become activated after injury and remodel the area with newly generated nerve cells, but this process may be limited by a finite pool of stem cells.
Researchers at the University of Granada have found that early neuropsychological rehabilitation significantly reduces cognitive, emotional, and behavioral after-effects in patients with acquired brain injury. The study proves that treating cognitive, emotional, and behavioral skills simultaneously improves patient outcomes.
A study published in Open Medicine found that lowering the age of bodychecking significantly increases the risk of brain injuries among minor hockey players. The researchers analyzed records of 8,552 male youth and found that more than half of hockey-related injuries were caused by bodychecking.
A new national study found a significant increase in boxing injuries, including head and neck injuries, among participants 6 years of age and older. The study also revealed that concussions among younger boxers are a growing concern due to potential long-term neurological implications.
A University of Colorado Boulder study indicates acupressure may improve cognitive function in individuals with mild traumatic brain injury. Researchers used a form of acupuncture called Jin Shin to stimulate specific points on the body and showed significant improvements in working memory and attention.
A new US study found an average of 9,500 injuries and over 100 deaths related to cribs, playpens and bassinets among children under 2 years old each year. The majority of injuries involved cribs, with the most common injury being soft-tissue injury.
A study published in CMAJ found that nonmilitary personnel in Iraq and Afghanistan were more likely to be medically evacuated with non-war-related injuries, returning to duty after such injuries. Military personnel, however, were more likely to be evacuated for war-related injuries.
Researchers at UTHealth and Athersys found that MultiStem therapy reduced inflammatory damage in the brain and improved motor skills in rats with ischemic stroke. The study suggests potential benefits of stem cell therapy for treating stroke, with implications for improving recovery outcomes.
New research from Johns Hopkins Medicine suggests that motorcycle helmets are associated with a lower risk of cervical spine injury. The study found that helmeted riders were 22% less likely to suffer spinal injuries compared to those without helmets.
Medical College of Georgia researchers explore the role of aquaporin-4 in traumatic brain injuries, discovering that curcumin and brilliant blue G can block inflammation and swelling. The findings hold promise for improved treatment options for patients with TBI.
Warfarin users are more likely to die from traumatic injuries compared to non-users, especially among younger patients with severe head injuries. The study found a 50% increase in mortality from severe head injuries in patients under 65 on warfarin.
Researchers at Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University Center for Injury Biomechanics will investigate blast-induced brain trauma using experimental and computational models. The project aims to develop safety mechanisms for soldiers and transport vehicles to reduce injuries.
Researchers found that SIK2 suppressed CREB-mediated gene expression after oxygen and glucose deprivation, increasing neuronal survival in mice lacking SIK2. The SIK2-TORC1-CREB signaling pathway may serve as a potential therapeutic target for promoting neuron survival.
Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) can accurately pinpoint bullet trajectory angles, enabling investigators to determine sniper locations. This technology also has potential benefits in crime scene analysis and patient treatment, according to a recent study.
Researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine developed a web-based screening tool to assess Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) in war veterans. The Brain Injury Screening Questionnaire (BISQ) is a low-cost, anonymous tool that detects symptoms such as sleep disturbances, irritability, and memory problems.
Therapeutic hypothermia has been shown to reduce neurologic complications and improve outcomes for patients with traumatic brain injury. The optimal approach to administering the treatment depends on individual patient clinical conditions.
A recent study from Rhode Island Hospital found that sailing injuries on America's Cup boats are often caused by trips, falls, and collisions with fellow crew members. The majority of severe injuries were to the head, knee, leg, and arm, with heavy weather being a contributing factor in 36% of cases.
A synthetic derivative of turmeric has been found to be highly neuroprotective against ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury in animal models. The compound, CNB-001, improved behavioral and molecular deficits in both conditions, offering potential clinical promise for current treatment-limited diseases.
Researchers found that magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can help diagnose chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a brain disorder caused by repetitive head trauma. The study revealed altered levels of neurochemicals in the brains of former athletes with suspected CTE, suggesting a potential non-invasive early detection method.
Researchers developed a color-changing patch to indicate blast exposure and potential brain injury risk. The badges use nanoscale structures that change color with intensity of exposure.
Researchers at MIT have created computer models that show a face shield can significantly reduce traumatic brain injury by impeding direct transmission of blast waves to the face. The study's findings offer a potential solution for preventing head injuries sustained by US troops during explosions.