Christian Bauer and Feng Wang are among 13 DOE PECASE winners, recognized for pioneering research on ultrafast optical characterization of carbon nanostructures. They were awarded the prestigious award for their contributions to advancing sustainable energy, protecting human health, and revealing the origin and fate of the universe.
Patients with uncontrolled diabetes saw faster blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol level control with more frequent primary care visits every two weeks. The study found that doubling the time between physician encounters increased median times to reach treatment targets by 35-87%.
New research suggests that prenatal exercise improves brain plasticity, decreases toxic protein deposits and inflammation in mice, which wards off Alzheimer's disease. Exercise during pregnancy may have a lifetime benefit for the health of newborns.
Alean Al-Krenawi's project aims to bring together Israeli and Palestinian human service providers to facilitate reconciliation and forgiveness. The program will teach tools and techniques to promote understanding, tolerance, and forgiveness in the volatile region.
The researchers aim to create a flexible power distribution system that can adapt to changes in rooftop solar panels. They are developing a holonic multiagent system that can monitor the power grid and negotiate with other agents to maintain balance between loads and generation.
A study by Concordia University and the University of Manitoba found that most boys aspire to have an average physique rather than an idealized, lean, or muscular body. The research suggests that boys are critical of unrealistic beauty standards and view sculpted bodies as unnatural.
Researchers at UC Riverside discovered that stacking three layers of graphene creates a 'knob' for tuning its electrical properties. The team found that some trilayer graphene devices were conducting while others were insulating, depending on the layer order.
The primary structure of NASA's Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission has been completed, marking a significant milestone in the project. The spacecraft will undergo static load testing before propulsion subsystem integration begins.
Research at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center found that couples counseling significantly improves sexual satisfaction and function for prostate cancer survivors and their partners. Internet-based sexual counseling was shown to be equally effective as traditional sex therapy.
A new study found that underweight COPD patients are 1.7-times more likely to die than those with a normal body weight. Additionally, heart disease and cardiac failure increase mortality rates among COPD patients.
A large study found that high blood pressure is associated with a higher risk of developing cancer and dying from the disease, particularly in men. The study analyzed data on blood pressure and cancer incidence and death in over 289,000 participants.
A large study led by Stanford urologist Michael Eisenberg found that childless men are more likely to die from cardiovascular disease than fathers. The study tracked over 135,000 male members and found a 17% increase in mortality risk among childless men compared to fathers.
A randomized trial found that a shorter radiation course for prostate cancer with hypofractionation is as effective as conventional radiation therapy at five years after treatment. The study used intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) to limit dose to normal tissues, reducing side effects.
A study of over 1,100 women found hip fractures increase short-term mortality rates for women aged 65-79 and those aged 80+, even after controlling for underlying health status. Healthy women in this age group are at increased risk of death after a hip fracture.
Research found that drug company stock prices increased by 13.7% before positive phase III clinical trials and decreased by 0.7% before negative trials. The study also showed that stock prices of established companies with positive trial results were more likely to increase than those of smaller companies with negative trial results.
Researchers at Rhode Island Hospital discovered a potential link between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and cardiovascular complications in animal models with hypercholesterolemia. The study suggests that controlling cholesterol may be crucial for heart health in patients taking NSAIDs.
Scientists discovered that Denisova hominins interbred with modern humans at least 44,000 years ago, contributing genetic material to populations in Southeast Asia and Oceania. The study suggests that there were at least two migration waves, contradicting previous assumptions about human settlement in the region.
A study found that children born after mothers received chemotherapy during pregnancy had normal cognitive and cardiac development, but those born preterm were more likely to experience developmental delays. Researchers recommend continuing cancer treatment during pregnancy unless preterm delivery can be prevented.
Researchers have found that treating mice with oculocutaneous albinism caused by mutations in the Tyr gene resulted in improved eye and hair pigmentation when treated with nitisinone. This suggests a potential new treatment for a subset of patients with OCA1B, a form of albinism associated with vision loss.
A new study reveals that people with COPD are at a high risk of developing cardiovascular disease, highlighting the need for routine screening. The study found that 50.1% of patients with COPD had cardiovascular conditions, compared to 41% of those without COPD, emphasizing the importance of identifying comorbidities in clinical practice.
A new study from CSIRO Australia has found that Australia's average wind speed is increasing, contrary to recent international studies showing a decrease. The research provides valuable insights into the causes of variations in near-surface wind and long-term wind speed trends over Australia.
Researchers have developed a technique to create low-cost, high-performance copper nanowire films for displays and solar cells. The new copper nanowire films outperform current indium tin oxide (ITO) films, which are highly transparent but expensive and prone to cracking.
Tropical Depression Haitang is expected to make landfall near Hue, Vietnam tomorrow. Satellite imagery reveals cloud-top temperatures exceeding -63F, indicating strong thunderstorms and heavy rainfall ahead.
A recent study by Kaiser Permanente found that women aged 65-69 who break a hip are five times more likely to die within a year than those who don't. The study also discovered that for women aged 70-79, a hip fracture doubles the risk of dying, while for those aged 80 and older in excellent health, it nearly triples. These findings hig...
The UNC Center for Diabetes Translation Research to Reduce Health Disparities aims to reduce diabetes-related disparities among poor and underserved populations. The center will leverage existing resources at NC TraCS Institute and partner with several universities and health departments to foster translational research.
Engineered patches with gold nanowires improve electrical conductivity and cell contraction in heart tissue, outperforming existing patches in clinical trials. The technology could be applied to other electrically excitable tissues, including the brain and spinal cord.
Scientists at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute have identified that pro-survival Bcl-2 family proteins are essential for keeping megakaryocytes alive to produce platelets. Chemotherapy kills megakaryocytes by activating 'pro-death' Bcl-2 proteins, leading to a drop in platelet numbers.
Researchers suggest that smaller, faster trials with relaxed evidence criteria could lead to improved cancer patient survival and quicker access to new treatments. This approach would allow for the testing of more treatments and potentially reduce the time it takes to bring new therapies to patients.
Researchers found that the medial prefrontal cortex recruits the subthalamic nucleus to ward off impulsive urges, allowing time for informed decisions. This understanding may lead to mitigating the side effect of DBS on decision-making and developing more sophisticated treatment systems.
Researchers have identified 16 new genetic variants associated with lung function, shedding light on the molecular basis of lung diseases like COPD. The discovery could lead to targeted treatments and improved patient care.
Research reveals breast cancer tumors alter hormonal status and marker stability during relapse, impacting treatment decisions. Regular biopsies may be crucial in ensuring correct treatment and detecting other cancers or benign lesions.
Researchers discovered that ibuprofen and other NSAIDs selectively block endocannabinoid metabolism, potentially leading to new analgesic medications with fewer side effects. This finding raises the possibility of targeting inflammation and pain without the gastrointestinal and cardiovascular risks associated with traditional NSAIDs.
A new type of MRI scan, diffusion-weighted MRI, has been shown to be more accurate in detecting lung cancer than current PET-CT scans. This non-invasive technique measures water movement in lung tissue and can detect structural changes caused by cancer even in early stages.
Researchers found that smell receptors are grouped into distinct sites on the nasal membrane, each engaging most strongly with a particular type of scent. The intensity of reactions is linked to the odor's place on a pleasantness scale, suggesting an organizing principle for our sense of smell.
A phase III clinical trial has shown that combining everolimus and exemestane significantly improves progression-free survival for women with advanced breast cancer resistant to hormonal therapy. The combination treatment resulted in an improved survival of nearly seven months compared to women treated with only exemestane.
A study published in Nature Genetics reveals that genetic parasites invaded the mammalian genome over 100 million years ago and transformed reproductive biology. This led to the development of the placenta, which nurtures young within the womb.
Scientists have pinpointed a key genetic change that enabled the domestication of corn from its wild relative teosinte. A jumping gene insertion about 23,000 years ago increased the expression of a gene affecting plant architecture, leading to larger ears with more kernels.
A new study finds that central obesity is a risk factor for asthma in adults, with those who are both centrally obese and overall obese being at highest risk. Researchers followed over 23,000 adults without asthma for 11 years to investigate the link between belly fat and lung disease.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have successfully guided mouse stem cells into oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, which can restore myelin on nerves. This breakthrough opens up new avenues for basic research and potential therapies for multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases.
Moderate alcohol intake of 1-6 units per week reduces the risk of developing asthma by less than 4% compared to rare or no drinking. Heavy drinkers and those who prefer beer are more likely to develop asthma.
A 12-year update of the Breast International Group 1-98 trial shows that letrozole reduces the risk of breast cancer relapse by 18% and death by 21% compared to tamoxifen after surgery. The study provides long-term reassurance on the efficacy of aromatase inhibitors in preventing breast cancer recurrence.
Rapid point-of-care CD4 testing has been shown to nearly double the number of patients starting HIV treatment, while reducing dropout rates by half. This improvement is attributed to faster patient staging on-site, allowing for earlier initiation of antiretroviral therapy.
A phase III clinical trial shows that abiraterone acetate significantly improves fatigue in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The treatment also delays the progression of fatigue and has a potential survival benefit.
Cyclists inhale more black carbon than pedestrians, potentially causing lung damage, according to a study led by Professor Jonathan Grigg. The researchers found that cyclists have 2.3 times more black carbon in their lungs when compared with pedestrians.
A new trial shows that a single dose of the drug ibandronate is as effective in controlling pain from prostate cancer bone metastases as a single dose of radiotherapy. The study found no long-term difference in pain relief between the two treatments.
A study by Imperial College London found that foam therapy is over four times more cost-effective and quicker than laser treatment for varicose veins. Foam therapy allows patients to resume normal activity sooner and causes less pain.
A significant benefit of zoledronic acid was found for post-menopausal women with stage II/III breast cancer, with an overall survival rate of 85%. The drug may alter the balance of substances in the bone marrow micro-environment, potentially preventing cancer cells from spreading.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have discovered that blocking the epidermal growth factor receptor can prevent rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, a rare and debilitating kidney disease. The study also showed that certain drugs inhibiting EGF receptors may reverse the harmful effects of the disease.
A comprehensive study of Asia, Africa, and Latin America's major river basins finds that sufficient water exists to sustainably increase food production. Research suggests focusing on efficient use and rain-fed agriculture can generate two to three times more food.
Researchers found that individual birds varied their technique and dropped blades of grass less often as they gained experience. The study suggests that birds have the mental capacity to learn and develop skills through repetition.
A University of Melbourne study found that women with a strong family history of breast cancer but no genetic link are not consistently utilizing breast cancer services. They often struggle to interpret their risk and manage it effectively, leading to inadequate access to screenings and interventions.
Scientists have discovered that atmospheric gases are mixed into the Earth's mantle during subduction, providing clues to the planet's birth and evolution. The study suggests a more complex history of gas dissolution than previously thought, contradicting the idea that most Earth gases were delivered by meteorites.
A French study found professional goat exposure increases risk of pneumonic-type lung adenocarcinoma (P-ADC) fivefold compared to other lung cancers. P-ADC is more common in females and those with no smoking history.
A major UK trial found that giving radiotherapy between or during chemotherapy cycles significantly reduces the risk of breast cancer recurring in the breast or chest wall. The treatment, known as synchronous chemoradiation, has minimal adverse side-effects and no detrimental effect on quality of life.
A Phase II study showed that trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) significantly delayed breast cancer progression, improving patients' lives with fewer side effects. The treatment improved time to disease worsening by 41% compared to standard docetaxel chemotherapy plus trastuzumab.
Scientists have found a new family of wasps in North American amber, which are closely related to families found in South America and southern Africa. The discovery sheds light on the origins of stinging wasps and their distribution patterns.
Researchers have developed a new bone-targeting drug that can delay the onset of metastases in hormone-resistant prostate cancer patients. The study showed that denosumab prolonged bone metastasis-free survival significantly compared to placebo, improving patient quality of life.
A study comparing 6,597 patients across four European countries found substantial differences in treatment approaches for rectal cancer. The use of radiotherapy and chemotherapy varied greatly between countries, despite comparable stages of disease.
The study found that 80% of participants reported inability to maintain their pre-COPD lifestyle, while 1 in 4 struggled to care for their children or family members. The research highlights the significant psychosocial and financial impact of COPD on working-age individuals, particularly in achieving life goals.
The US Department of Defense has awarded the University of South Florida $1.59 million to conduct two major studies on preventing low back injury and improving prosthetics for wounded warriors. The studies will test high-intensity exercise training programs and prosthetic foot technologies in military populations.