Articles tagged with Patient Monitoring
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A study analyzing nationally representative data found that youth experienced a sustained increase in mental health issues between 2006 and 2019. The findings suggest that treatment and prevention strategies must address preexisting psychiatric needs in addition to the pandemic's direct effects.
A study of 34,500 patients found racial and ethnic disparities in locally advanced rectal cancer treatment outcomes may be influenced by unidentified biological or social factors. Non-Hispanic Black patients were more likely to experience poorer outcomes.
This study of 536 adults with chronic conditions found disparities in patient portal use, with sociodemographic groups and health literacy levels showing varying trends. The COVID-19 pandemic led to an increase in portal use, while a brief validated health literacy measure may help identify patients who need further support.
A comprehensive study found pulse oximeters significantly overestimated oxygen saturation readings in individuals with darker skin tones. This could lead to missed treatments and incorrect diagnoses, as devices may not accurately reflect critical oxygen levels.
A study of 82,000 patients found a strong association between hourly heat exposure and the onset of acute ischemic stroke. The findings suggest that high ambient temperatures may contribute to an increased risk of cerebrovascular events under global warming.
The COVID-19 pandemic has widened socioeconomic disparities in death at home and access to specialized palliative care for cancer patients. The study found that these disparities were amplified, highlighting the need for equitable and consistent care access.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that vaccinated adults with hematologic cancers were at high risk of severe COVID-19, even after receiving treatment. The study included 6,122 patients and showed no significant decline in severe cases through mid-2022.
A positive association was found between total prescription opioid dose dispensed and the odds of spontaneous preterm birth in a study of 251,000 pregnant patients. Minimizing opioid exposure during pregnancy is crucial to prevent spontaneous preterm delivery.
Youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities face higher risk for foster care involvement, particularly among Black and female populations. The study highlights the urgent need for system-level interventions to address these disparities.
A randomized clinical trial of 1,680 patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion found no significant improvement in disability with adjunctive methylprednisolone. The study suggests that methylprednisolone may not be effective as an adjunct therapy after endovascular thrombectomy for this patient population.
A study of 352 patients found that endovascular thrombectomy benefits both directly presenting and transferred patients with large ischemic strokes, with better functional outcomes observed in those presenting directly to EVT-capable centers. Prolonged transfers worsened outcomes due to evolving ischemic change.
Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) plus thrombectomy demonstrates significant benefits over thrombectomy alone when administered within a short timeframe after symptom onset. This study, based on individual participant data from six randomized clinical trials, found IVT before thrombectomy to be time-dependent and statistically significant.
A randomized clinical trial of 1,015 participants found that apixaban did not significantly reduce recurrent stroke risk compared to aspirin in patients with cryptogenic stroke and atrial cardiopathy. The study suggests that alternative treatments may be more effective for preventing stroke recurrence in these patients.
A randomized clinical trial of 336 patients with extensive ischemic stroke found that endovascular thrombectomy improved clinical outcomes across a range of infarct volumes. However, the treatment's effectiveness was limited by low enrollment rates among patients with minimal penumbra volume.
A study of Medicare patients in 2022 revealed disparities in COVID-19 therapy access based on patient age, race and ethnicity, Medicaid eligibility, and nursing home residence. Higher-risk individuals received COVID-19 therapy less often than those with lower risk factors.
This study found that sports-related traumatic brain injuries (TBI) result in higher rates of functional limitations six months after injury. In contrast, patients with non-sports related TBI exhibit better mental health and post-concussion symptom recovery. The findings highlight the need for a more nuanced understanding of TBI outcomes.
A study of 238,000 participants aged 45 and older found that self-reported walking limitations were associated with an increased risk of fracture. Clinicians may use patient self-assessment of walking ability as a tool to identify high-risk candidates for further assessment.
Women with perinatal depression are at a heightened risk of suicidal behavior, particularly in the first year after diagnosis, with persistent elevations throughout 18 years of follow-up. The study emphasizes the need for vigilant clinical monitoring to support this vulnerable group.
Diagnostic errors in hospitalized adults who died or were transferred to the intensive care unit were common, with problems in test choice and clinician assessment identified as high-priority areas for improvement. The study analyzed 2,428 patient records at 29 hospitals and found that these errors led to significant patient harm.
A recent study suggests that AI can provide real-time analysis of foods and support nutritionists in their work with patients. The study evaluates the consistency and accuracy of AI in providing energy and macronutrient information, showing promising results.
Researchers found that nurse practitioner placement in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, resulted in reduced emergency visits and optimized care for residents with higher care needs. The study suggests a paradigm shift in elder care, highlighting the pivotal role of NPs in delivering quality healthcare.
Private equity acquisition of hospitals was associated with increased hospital-acquired adverse events, suggesting poorer quality of inpatient care. These findings highlight concerns about the implications of private equity on healthcare delivery, particularly among Medicare beneficiaries.
Patients screened in emergency departments (ED) are more likely to screen positive for Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) needs compared to primary care patients. Primary care may be better optimized to address SDOH needs, with lower screening rates.
A multicenter randomized clinical vignette survey study found that AI models, when systematically biased, reduced diagnostic accuracy. The study involved hospitalist physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants from 13 states.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 clinical trials found daily tooth brushing may reduce hospital-acquired pneumonia rates by up to 50% in high-risk patients. This study suggests that widespread toothbrushing policies could save lives and reduce healthcare costs.
Patients with lower socioeconomic status in their neighborhoods have a higher risk of nonadherence to guideline-directed medical therapy for heart failure. Neighborhood-level socioeconomic factors play a significant role in shaping healthcare outcomes.
Black patients in integrated communities experience greatest benefits from PCI-CF openings, including a five times greater likelihood of receiving same-day PCI. Segregation is associated with poorer outcomes for racial minority groups.
A retrospective cohort study of 4,732 BRCA carriers found that pregnancy following breast cancer was not associated with decreased disease-free survival. 1 in 5 patients conceived within 10 years after diagnosis.
The study reveals a diverse landscape of software as a medical device (SaMD) with notable progress in artificial intelligence/machine learning-based devices, accounting for 22% of all FDA-approved SaMDs. Established companies focus on incremental innovations, while new entrants and start-ups drive disruptive innovation.
A study of 170 COVID-19 patients with severe ARDS found that prone positioning compared to supine positioning did not significantly reduce the time to successful weaning from ECMO. The study suggests that other factors may influence ECMO weaning outcomes.
Significant racial and ethnic disparities in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease treatment were found in a study of 5,218 adults. The disparities persisted despite optimal recommended therapies, underscoring the need for sustained efforts to achieve better outcomes for all patients regardless of their background.
A study of 33.1 million hospital visits found that Black and Hispanic patients are more likely to be discharged against medical advice, indicating a need for interventions to address medical segregation. This disparity may be related to unequal allocation of healthcare resources in hospitals serving racial and ethnic minoritized groups.
A study of 278,000 individuals in Sweden found that longer cumulative duration of ADHD medication use was associated with an increased risk of hypertension and arterial disease. Clinicians should regularly monitor cardiovascular signs and symptoms during long-term treatment.
A new study has found that most patients with osteoporosis want to receive information on their fracture risk, but only half of them actually get it. Patients prefer visual representations, such as graphs with a colored traffic-light system, to communicate fracture risk and are more likely to take medication if presented in this way.
A study of 34,000 patients found that screening-detected colorectal cancer had a lower risk of recurrence. The risk of recurrence decreased over time, and risk-stratified surveillance protocols may be warranted for selected patient groups.
A randomized clinical trial of 2,858 patients with new-onset and worsening chronic heart failure shows that torsemide and furosemide have no significant difference in clinical or patient-reported outcomes at 12 months. Torsemide is associated with better outcomes for patients with de novo heart failure.
Patients with heart failure treated with dapagliflozin experienced frequent initial estimated glomerular filtration rate declines, but without increased cardiovascular or kidney event risks. The study suggests that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors can be safely continued in patients experiencing eGFR decline.
A randomized clinical trial found that avoiding aspirin as part of an antithrombotic regimen reduces bleeding events without increasing thromboembolism risk in patients with advanced heart failure treated with left ventricular assist devices. The study suggests that aspirin avoidance may be a viable option for these patients.
A randomized clinical trial found that self-monitoring and physician-guided titration of antihypertensive medications reduced postpartum blood pressure compared to usual care. The study involved 220 participants in the UK and showed promising results for long-term blood pressure control.
The study aims to test two interventions to lower blood pressure in stroke survivors, including telehealth and in-person clinic management. Over 1,550 participants will be enrolled, with a focus on under-represented populations at higher risk for recurrent stroke.
Patients with post–COVID-19 chemosensory alterations experience improved recovery of smell function over a 3-year period. Taste dysfunction shows lower frequency and faster recovery compared to smell dysfunction.
Earlier onset of atrial fibrillation is associated with an elevated risk of subsequent all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia. Monitoring cognitive function among patients with atrial fibrillation, especially those younger than 65 years at diagnosis, is crucial.
A population-based study found a significant increase in overdose-related OHCA from 2015 to 2021, with opioid-stimulant cases having lower survival rates. The combination of increasing incidence and lower survival rates supports prevention and treatment initiatives tailored to drug-specific profiles.
A study found that gastrointestinal and sleep issues may be connected to self-injury and aggression in adolescents diagnosed with profound autism. The researchers discovered a possible connection between these health issues and future challenging behaviors, predicting next-day behavior with over 80% accuracy.
The study demonstrates that concurrent DNA and RNA sequencing improves the detection of novel variants in individuals undergoing hereditary cancer testing, expanding identification of those with hereditary cancer predisposition. This advancement enables personalized therapeutics and surveillance for these individuals.
A novel multicomponent intervention aimed at improving patient access to kidney transplants did not significantly increase the rate of completed steps in a randomized clinical trial involving 20,375 patients. The study highlights the need for sustained efforts to address barriers to transplantation globally.
Researchers at Mainz University Medical Center aim to improve patients' quality of life by applying smart data technology to physical activity. The DECIDE project aims to provide individualized control of patients' daily physical activity, while the RELEVIUM project focuses on alleviating pain and weight loss in pancreatic cancer patie...
The study found that bronchiolitis admissions decreased temporarily during the pandemic but then surged among older patients, suggesting atypical seasonality. Hospitals should prepare for potential outbreaks in unusual timing in 2023.
A randomized clinical trial involving 126 patients found that landiolol did not prevent organ failure in those with established septic shock. The study concluded that this beta-blocker is not a suitable treatment option for managing tachycardia in these patients.
A randomized clinical trial of 524 trauma patients found that adding sigh breaths to mechanical ventilation did not increase ventilator-free days. However, prespecified secondary data suggest that sighs are well-tolerated and may improve clinical outcomes in this patient population.
Researchers found no significant improvement in primary composite outcomes, including organ support-free days and hospital survival, among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 who received intravenous vitamin C. The study suggests that vitamin C treatment may not be effective in improving patient outcomes for this population.
Tongxinluo significantly improved 30-day and 1-year clinical outcomes in STEMI patients, according to a randomized clinical trial. Further research is needed to understand its mechanism of action.
A large cohort study found a significant association between adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the risk of dementia. The study followed 109,000 individuals born between 1933 and 1952 and found that ADHD was associated with an increased risk of dementia.
Researchers analyzed 249,000 emergency department visits and found that patients of color received lower acute scores despite similar workups. Clinical decision support systems may help reduce these disparities, but require careful calibration to avoid bias.
Red blood cell transfusions were common in ICU patients globally, with overlapping reasons for use despite differing clinical contexts. The three most common triggers for transfusion (hypotension, tachycardia, hemodynamic instability) were largely consistent across regions.
A cross-sectional study found that most survey respondents who gave birth between June and December 2020 did not use prenatal telehealth. Personal preference for in-person care was the most common reason among those who chose not to use telehealth services.
A meta-analysis found that CPAP treatment adherence is associated with a lower risk of recurrent cardiovascular events in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Adherence to CPAP therapy may be a key factor in secondary cardiovascular prevention.
The study found that Paxlovid treatment was associated with reduced risk of COVID-19 hospitalization or death in clinically extremely vulnerable individuals. Severely immunocompromised patients showed the greatest benefit from this treatment.
A study of 69,000 adults with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection found no difference in sustained virologic response across alcohol use categories. This suggests that restricting access to direct-acting antiviral therapy based on alcohol use may create unnecessary barriers for patients. The findings challenge HCV elimination goals.
Adult Black patients experience higher risk of physical restraint in emergency departments compared to other racial groups, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis. The study emphasizes the importance of considering how racism may affect disparate use of restraints among adult patients.