Researchers discovered that brain regions, including anterior insula and striatum, are involved in the biased response to pleasure in people with bipolar disorder. In those with bipolar disorder, these brain regions show reduced communication, leading to a 'vicious cycle' of escalating mood and risk-taking behavior.
Researchers at Tsinghua University Press created a permeable thermoelectric film with superior moisture permeability and excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance. The composite film was used in sensors, demonstrating effective touch and breathing sensing capabilities.
A new study suggests that ambivalence about a political issue can lead people with polarized views to compensate for their discomfort by supporting extreme actions. Researchers found that those with strong but conflicted views were more likely to support extreme actions, such as getting opponents fired from their jobs, than others.
A recent study found that mid-life inflammation is associated with slower late-life mobility, even among healthy adults. The link was strongest for individuals with sustained high inflammation over two decades.
The number of people aged 65 and older with type 1 diabetes increased from 1.3 million to 3.7 million between 1990 and 2019, while death rates fell by 25%. However, substantial global inequalities in diabetes care persist, with higher mortality rates in low- and middle-income countries.
A Bronze Age purple dye workshop has been found on the Greek island of Aegina, featuring tools, ceramics, and snail shells that reveal the production process. The site provides insights into Mycenaean culture and trade during the Late Bronze Age.
The project aims to enhance workforce and social services provided by community health workers, launching consultations and screenings, providing education and resources, and offering referrals. The goal is to improve living conditions and prevent chronic diseases in Southeast Michigan, particularly in Detroit.
A new detailed analysis of a patient's second cancer after receiving CAR-T therapy provides valuable guidance for clinicians. The study reveals that CAR-T related second cancers can occur, often with lymphomas, and highlights the need for early detection and management.
The BLING III trial found a 2% lower 90-day mortality and a 6% higher clinical cure rate for continuous β-lactam antibiotic infusions compared to intermittent infusions in critically ill patients with sepsis. Continuous infusions were also associated with improved patient outcomes.
A study published by the American Academy of Neurology found that prolonged depressive symptoms starting in young adulthood are linked to worse thinking and memory skills in middle age, particularly among Black adults. The study also showed that Black adults experience depressive symptoms more often than white adults.
Researchers have developed a novel patch that can help liver tissue regenerate and inhibit inflammation. The patch demonstrated restored liver function in lab tests and promoted recovery from liver fibrosis in rats, showing great potential for treating liver diseases.
A research team at Pohang University of Science & Technology has developed a new type of hafnia-based ferroelectric memory device that can store 16 levels of data per unit transistor. The device operates at low voltages, high speeds and exhibits stable characteristics.
A new study reveals that NASA's exoplanet-hunting satellite has observed the smaller black hole of a binary system directly for the first time. The discovery was made possible by the satellite's precise timing, which allowed researchers to detect a sudden burst of brightness from the smaller black hole.
The discovery enables experiments with Majoranas that were previously inaccessible, thanks to the flexibility of the new 2D platform. This breakthrough paves the way for the creation of networks of Majoranas and integration with auxiliary elements needed for control and readout.
A recent study published in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin found that people are more likely to support a politician who denies wrongdoing, especially if they share the same party affiliation. The research suggests that partisans tend to have different standards for different politicians, with those from their own party bei...
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine build a minimal synthetic cell that responds to external chemical cues, demonstrating symmetry breaking - a vital biological principle. The findings have potential applications in targeted drug delivery and environmental sensing.
A study found that dysregulated YAP signaling promotes aortic dissection formation by reducing intrinsic smooth muscle cell stiffness. Decreased AoSMC stiffness leads to increased elastin fragmentation and deficient collagen production, promoting AD formation.
Researchers have developed a study using smartwatches to monitor Parkinson's symptoms over time in early-stage patients. The study found significant declines in gait and tremor, as well as changes in speech, with the smartwatch detecting these changes more effectively than traditional tools.
Researchers developed microscopic robots that swim through lungs to deliver cancer-fighting medication directly to metastatic tumors. The approach inhibited tumor growth and spread, improving survival rates compared to control treatments.
A growth factor called BMP7 has been found to promote cardiomyocyte proliferation and regeneration in both zebrafish and adult mice. This discovery offers a promising new approach to treating heart disease by stimulating cardiac muscle cell regrowth even in later stages of life.
Researchers have discovered that soaring birds use their lungs to enhance their flying capabilities by modifying the biomechanics of their flight muscles. The unique air sac, known as a subpectoral diverticulum, increases the force used to power flight muscles while soaring.
A new study finds that two-thirds of critical bird habitats are at increased risk from cocaine trafficking activities. The study highlights the unexpected connection between drug trafficking and biodiversity, revealing that areas with growing levels of cocaine trafficking become more attractive to migratory birds.
Researchers identified a unique approach to preventing abnormal nerve growth and autonomic dysfunction after spinal cord injury. Depleting microglia cells was found to be effective in preventing life-threatening complications, which significantly improves quality of life for people with spinal cord injuries.
Researchers investigated the northward shift of the ancient Silk Road in arid NW China, finding that low temperature and reduced precipitation led to water shortage, triggering a shift to more abundant and stable water resources. A warm climate during ~600-850 AD prevented this shift due to geopolitical conflicts.
A new study found that frailty significantly predicts postoperative outcomes in older adults, including higher mortality rates and increased readmission rates. Frail patients experience substantial home time loss due to more days spent in skilled nursing facilities and longer recovery times.
A study by Virginia Tech researchers found that shelter dogs paired with suitable companions exhibited reduced stress levels and were adopted more quickly. The findings suggest that matching dogs with compatible roommates could alleviate stress and improve their adoptability, leading to better outcomes for animal shelters.
A Korean research team demonstrates green hydrogen's effectiveness in stabilizing power grids and addressing output restriction issues. The study finds that combining solar and wind power with green hydrogen provides the highest economic efficiency and lowest power supply losses.
A recent study found that hospitals with chronic understaffed nurses had higher mortality rates among Covid-19 patients. The researchers suggest that investing in nursing services prior to the pandemic could have prevented thousands of deaths. Thorough staffing and nurse education are seen as crucial for hospital preparedness.
Researchers at Curtin University have identified a new species of pterosaur, Haliskia peterseni, from 100-million-year-old fossilized bones found in western Queensland. The specimen is 22% complete and includes features such as complete lower jaws, teeth, and wing bones.
Researchers discovered that T-cell aging is not limited by organismal age, and healthy T cells can proliferate indefinitely. The epigenetic clock of T cells shows that death is not the end, and these cells do not plateau with age, defying traditional notions of cellular aging.
A 518-million-year-old microbial fossil, Qingjiangonema cambria, provides crucial clues to determine the biological affinity of ancient sulfate-reducing bacteria. The discovery sheds light on the evolution of sulfate-reducing bacteria and cable bacteria in response to oxygenation events.
Researchers developed metamaterials-enhanced MRI technology using coaxial cables to boost signal-to-noise ratio. The innovative coils address patient discomfort and cost by providing adaptable, form-fitting designs for various anatomical sites.
Researchers have developed a compact, palm-sized light field camera that simultaneously captures 3D spatial and spectral information in a single snapshot. The camera uses inkjet printing to create its key optical components, enabling efficient manufacturing and customization.
The ND3 site features typical microblade technology with over 1,100 lithic artifacts unearthed. Microblades were the primary target product, and their production process was reconstructed through detailed analysis of lithic technologies.
A genetic investigation of 64 child remains found at Chichén Itzá reveals that all the children were male, indicating related male twins were likely selected for ritual activities. The findings suggest a post-sacrificial burial site, with the sacrificed individuals having been chosen for a specific reason.
Researchers used high-energy laser experiments to study magnesium oxide's melting point and phase transitions under ultra-high pressures. The findings suggest the mineral could be the earliest solid to crystallize in forming super-Earths.
Researchers found that many bacterial strains present in infants at 3 weeks, months, and 12 months originated from the father, not the mother. This discovery highlights the importance of physical and social interactions between newborns and their fathers, as well as with other family members.
Researchers developed a new technique called HiDEF-seq to detect early molecular changes in DNA code that precede mutations. The study found higher numbers of single-strand DNA changes in healthy cells from people with genetic syndromes linked to cancer, suggesting a link between these changes and the development of cancer.
Dr. Alice Walker will investigate the design of fluorescent protein sensors using computer simulations, which may aid in tracking diseases and monitoring treatment effectiveness in living cells and organisms. The five-year $690,816 grant also supports undergraduate research opportunities for WSU students.
New research reveals that global recreational inland fishing contributes 11.3% to freshwater fish catch worldwide and has an estimated $9.95 billion value. The study challenges the notion of 'recreational' fishing as a food resource, highlighting its complex roles in nutrition, economics, and human science.
Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University propose locally embedded thermoelectric devices (TEDs) to actively cool hot spots in circuits. TEDs remove heat from hot spots using thermoelectric effects, improving cooling efficiency by a factor of 100 compared to conventional materials.
A cohort study found that neighborhood deprivation is associated with increased breast cancer mortality in non-Hispanic white women, but not in non-Hispanic Black women. Factors beyond those explored may contribute to the disparity in breast cancer mortality among Black women.
A new device can accurately detect protein-protein interactions, paving the way for innovative medical therapies and advancements in gene therapy. The solid-state nanopore device can monitor virus-cell interactions in real-time, enabling better understanding of tropism and targeting specific diseases.
A study found that ISM1 deficiency in mice worsened bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, leading to increased cellular senescence and delayed fibrosis resolution. This highlights the importance of ISM1 in resisting pulmonary fibrosis progression.
The 2024 Kavli Prize Laureates have made significant contributions to our understanding of exoplanet atmospheres, nanoscale materials for biomedical applications, and the localization of brain areas specialized for face recognition. Their work has broadened our knowledge of planetary life beyond Earth.
The CCR4-NOT complex plays a crucial role in regulating RNA metabolism and stress response in C. elegans, compromising stress resistance and decreasing lifespan when depleted of subunits. This study highlights an important new role for the CCR4-NOT complex in normal aging and longevity.
Researchers have identified two distinct types of dysbioses in cystic fibrosis, which differ in their ecological organization and response to treatment. These findings suggest that antimicrobial drugs may be more effective in hierarchically organized microbiota, potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes for patients.
A new AI model has been shown to significantly improve the accuracy of diagnosing prostate cancer by 45 times compared to doctors' measurements alone. The system assists in mapping out the boundaries of cancerous tissue, reducing the risk of underestimation and enabling more precise treatment planning and effective surgical procedures.
Researchers investigated solar radiation's effects on skin microbiome, discovering it can create a damaged skin barrier. The study proposes innovative sun protection methods that safeguard both skin integrity and microbiome balance.
Researchers developed a nine-week, phone-delivered positive psychology program called PATH to improve psychological well-being in blood cancer patients. The intervention had promising effects on patient-reported outcomes, with high participation and completion rates.
The researchers developed a novel viral reporter system called HIV-Tocky, which allows for real-time visualization of HIV dynamics post-viral infection. This innovation provides crucial insights into HIV-1 latency mechanisms and establishes a foundation for developing eradication strategies.
The ACS Fall 2024 meeting will feature cutting-edge scientific developments in agriculture, energy, health, and sustainability. Journalists can register for press credentials, while marketing professionals and others can register separately via the meeting page.
The Pennington Biomedical Research Center is conducting a clinical trial to better understand lipedema. Participants will undergo comprehensive assessments and imaging techniques to help advance medical knowledge related to chronic disease. Compensation of up to $475 is offered for participation in the three-month study.
A new, tiny plant species has been discovered on the western Andean slopes of Ecuador, shattering the preconception that multitudes of life had vanished entirely. The discovery is a testament to conservation efforts and the heroic actions of local landowners who maintained small patches of forests.
Researchers redefine our understanding of archaea, microbial ancestors to humans from two billion years ago, by showing how they use hydrogen gas. This simple strategy has allowed them to thrive in hostile environments.
A new study by Dr. Allan Hassaniyan argues Iran's water policy is discriminatory, leading to socioecological deterioration in peripheral regions and causing devastating effects on agriculture, health, and the environment.
A Swansea University-led project aims to address the concerning rise of skin cancer in Wales by exploring current perceptions of tanning among children, parents/carers, and educators. The results will support the development of a new sun-safety educational toolkit for the Welsh curriculum.
Researchers tracked how a mixture of plant waste was metabolized by bacteria to contribute to atmospheric CO2. Microbes respired three times as much CO2 from lignin carbons compared to cellulose carbons, shedding light on the role of microbes in soil carbon cycling and its impact on climate change.
A study at Nagoya University reveals the formation of a superlattice structure in gallium nitride and magnesium, leading to enhanced hole transport and compressive strain. This breakthrough has potential applications in improving GaN-based devices for energy-efficient electronics.
Researchers from Kyushu University discovered new conditions for a three-flash illusion, where the brain misperceives the second flash as near the midpoint between the first and third flashes. This phenomenon occurs regardless of the second flash's location, highlighting the complexity of visual perception.