Articles tagged with Pregnancy
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Between 2011 and 2020, over 140 million girls will become child brides, with 50 million under 15. This practice increases the risk of intimate partner violence and HIV infection. The UN calls for an end to child marriage by 2030 to meet Millennium Development Goals.
A new study found that rural Latino men require specialized sexual health services due to language barriers, cultural assumptions, and limited access. The research team suggests improving services by providing male providers, bilingual staff, and convenient clinic hours, as well as addressing terminology and cultural nuances.
Women with a pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) of 40 or more are at increased risk of vacuum extraction delivery or Cesarean section. Excessive gestational weight gain also increases the risk of forceps, vacuum extraction, and C-section. Obesity is associated with lower gestational weight gain but larger baby sizes.
The March of Dimes is funding new research into preterm birth, focusing on genetics, infections, and hormones. The goal is to reduce the national preterm birth rate from 11.7% to 9.6%.
A new study by the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine found that maternal stress exposure affects the developing brains of male and female offspring differently. The researchers discovered a biomarker, Ogt, which may signal to the fetus that its mother has experienced stress.
A new study by UCLA life scientists suggests that pregnant women who receive strong social support from their families during pregnancy have lower levels of a stress hormone and reduced risk of postpartum depression. The research found that emotional support was the most powerful form of support, and early interventions may provide a b...
A new study found that pregnant women who received strong social support from their families had lower levels of a stress hormone and reduced depressive symptoms after giving birth. The researchers also discovered that emotional support was the most powerful form of support, while father support was not as strong of a protective factor.
Women over 40 face declining fertility and require effective contraception to prevent pregnancy. Various methods are considered safe and effective, including copper IUDs, progestin implants, and sterilization, with benefits outweighing risks for most women.
A Vanderbilt study found that maternal diets high in carbohydrates during pregnancy correlate with severe RSV cases in infants. The study, published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, suggests a dose-dependent relationship between carbohydrate intake and RSV severity.
A new study by the University of Iowa confirms that pregnancy leads to permanent changes in a woman's feet, including increased length and width. The arch of the foot flattens out, potentially contributing to an increased risk of arthritis in women.
Research published in Journal of Leukocyte Biology reveals that progesterone receptor regulates helper T cells required for developing antibodies. This regulation affects immunity against diseases like malaria and herpes simplex virus, and sheds light on autoimmune disease remission during pregnancy.
Research published in The FASEB Journal suggests that pregnant mothers who consume junk food alter the development of their unborn child's opioid signaling pathway, leading to decreased sensitivity and increased tolerance for junk food. This can result in children being more likely to develop a lifelong addiction to unhealthy foods.
A study by the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research found a link between high vitamin D levels in expectant mothers and increased infant allergy risks. Mothers with low vitamin D levels had fewer food allergies in their children, while those with high levels had higher risks.
A recent study published in PLOS Medicine found that syphilis infection during pregnancy causes approximately 520,000 harmful outcomes each year. Despite this, only a quarter of these outcomes can be prevented by early testing and treatment.
A study found that morning sickness lasting all day is often linked to hormonal and genetic factors, with ethnicity and diet also playing a role. Women who have experienced hyperemesis gravidarum in previous pregnancies are at higher risk of severe nausea during subsequent pregnancies.
Researchers from the University of Leeds used the abdominal fetal ECG device developed by The University of Nottingham to create a comprehensive model of a fully functioning fetal heart. The study found that human hearts develop more slowly compared to other mammals, with little organisation in their walls until 20 weeks into pregnancy.
A randomized controlled trial found that a youth development intervention significantly increased consistent condom use and reduced sexual risk behaviors among high-risk adolescent girls. The study also reported improvements in family connectedness and self-confidence to refuse unwanted sex.
A study of over 750,000 births in Denmark found that mild maternal hypertension early in pregnancy benefits the fetus, but late-pregnancy hypertension has negative health consequences for the child. Mothers with minor increases in blood pressure in the first trimester have babies with better health outcomes.
A new study by Ben-Gurion University of the Negev found that exposure to rocket attacks in Sderot significantly increases the risk of miscarriages, with a 59% higher likelihood among women in Sderot compared to Kiryat Gat. The study suggests that stress and dysregulation of cortisol may play a role in this increased risk.
A recent publication by ILSI Europe identifies key contributors to child obesity, including maternal diet, gestational weight gain, and metabolic perturbations. Combining data from clinical studies could lead to more effective nutritional advice for pregnant women.
A review and meta-analysis found that 3 or more doses of intermittent preventive therapy during pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine were associated with higher birth weights and lower risk of low birth weight. The researchers also noted that increasing resistance to the drug may require more frequent dosing.
A Norwegian study found that mothers who took folic acid supplements during early pregnancy had a 40% reduced risk of having children with autistic disorder. The timing of the supplements was critical, with the greatest reduction in risk observed when taken between 4 weeks before to 8 weeks after the start of pregnancy.
A study of 85,000 Norwegian children found that prenatal folic acid supplementation was associated with a lower risk of autistic disorder. The research suggests that maternal use of folic acid supplements before and early in pregnancy may protect against the development of autism spectrum disorders.
Women who took folic acid supplements from four weeks before conception to eight weeks into pregnancy had a 40 per cent lower risk of giving birth to children with childhood autism. The findings only apply to a lower risk of childhood autism, the most severe form of autism.
Researchers found that preemptive treatment with Diclectin significantly decreases risk of severe nausea and vomiting in pregnant women. The study also showed a lower recurrence rate of hyperemesis gravidarum when treatment is started before symptoms appear.
A study found that nulliparous women with a short cervix who have intra-amniotic debris are at a higher risk of early preterm birth. The presence of debris was associated with worse outcomes for the babies, likely due to earlier delivery. Women with debris had a longer funnel and a higher body mass index than those without debris.
The study found that using the laborist model resulted in significant reductions in labor inductions (15% fewer), maternal length of stay (0.09 days less), and preterm delivery (17%). This improvement in pregnancy outcomes is attributed to continuous coverage without competing duties.
Researchers studied over 2800 women and found that planned vaginal birth is as safe as a planned cesarean section for twins born between 32-38 weeks. The study reveals no advantage in choosing cesarean births for these types of twins, with no decrease or increase in perinatal/neonatal death or serious neonatal morbidity.
A study of 1,265 pregnant and reproductive women found that obstructive sleep apnea is associated with a 31% incidence of cardiac dysfunction. The research suggests that echocardiograms should be considered in the clinical management of women with OSA and cardiac symptoms.
Researchers suggest refining definition of intrauterine growth restriction based on pregnancy outcomes, finding adverse effects mostly in pregnancies with EFW less than the 3rd centile. Most babies born to those with lower fetal weights were healthy despite abnormal ultrasound features.
Researchers found that progesterone shots do not reduce the risk of preterm delivery among women with twin pregnancies, contrary to previous findings. A study of 165 women with short cervixes found an increased rate of preterm delivery in the treatment group compared to the non-treatment group.
New research in American Heart Association journal Circulation reveals that high blood pressure during pregnancy may signal a higher risk of heart and kidney disease, as well as diabetes. Women who had high blood pressure during pregnancy were found to have a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular diseases later in life.
A recent study published in Neurosurgery found that pregnancy and delivery do not increase the risk of brain aneurysm rupture. In fact, women with unruptured aneurysms have a high rate of cesarean deliveries, which may be unnecessary. The study also suggests that prompt treatment after rupture can help decrease poor outcomes.
A large study found that one in 20 cases of pre-eclampsia may be linked to increased levels of ozone during the first three months of pregnancy. Mothers with asthma are more vulnerable, and ozone exposure was associated with a higher risk of premature birth and pre-eclampsia.
Pharmacists warn that morning after pill conscience clauses can lead to unwanted pregnancies and undermine the principle of universal healthcare in the NHS. The current 'fudge' approach, allowing pharmacists to opt out on moral or religious grounds, is not morally defensible or legally feasible.
Research by Tina Bloom at the University of Missouri's Sinclair School of Nursing highlights the dangers of chronic, long-term stress on low-income pregnant women in rural areas. These women experience financial problems, lack of employment opportunities, and isolation, which exacerbate their emotional and physical well-being.
Animal studies suggest that type of anesthetic used, number of exposures and age contribute to risk of inflammation, cognitive deficits. Research findings indicate potential safer alternatives for young children.
Researchers found a 43% increase in autism among mothers with top 20th percentile CRP levels and an 80% increase at the top 10th percentile. The study used a large national birth cohort and adds to evidence of an overactive immune response altering fetal brain development.
A study of 305 pregnant women found that valproate exposure was associated with reduced IQ and verbal memory abilities in children, with effects dependent on drug dose. Folic acid supplementation may improve IQ scores, suggesting a potential positive effect on cognitive development.
A study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that women with hypertensive disorders during pregnancy are at higher risk of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. The study analyzed data from over 26,000 women in Taiwan and found an increased risk of end-stage renal disease among those with preeclamps...
Women with severe pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy should opt for vaginal delivery over caesarean section to avoid increased risk of persistent pain. The study found a significant association between planned or emergency caesarean sections and severe pelvic girdle syndrome six months after delivery.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that H1N1 flu shots do not increase the risk of pregnancy loss. In fact, vaccination reduces the risk of fetal loss by up to twofold compared to influenza infection alone.
Scientists at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of California, San Francisco, discovered a light-response pathway that controls retinal neuron development during pregnancy. This finding has significant implications for understanding fetal eye development and ocular diseases caused by vascular disorders.
Researchers found that choline supplementation during pregnancy and early infancy inhibited the response to repeated sounds, a trait commonly seen in schizophrenia patients. The study suggests choline may be a new approach to schizophrenia prevention.
Serial compression ultrasonography with Doppler imaging is a reliable method for ruling out deep vein thrombosis in pregnant women, detecting 94% of cases. This approach safely allows physicians to withhold anticoagulation therapy, reducing unnecessary risks during pregnancy.
Researchers found that mothers with higher levels of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids during pregnancy had fatter children. Conversely, those with higher levels of n-3 PUFAs had less fat and more muscle in their offspring. This discovery could lead to a beneficial diet strategy for pregnant women.
Women with a history of pregnancy-induced hypertension or pre-eclampsia are at increased risk of postnatal hypertension, which can be life-threatening if left untreated. The review emphasizes the need for prolonged vigilance in the postpartum period and recommends monitoring blood pressure surveillance in future pregnancies.
Pregnancies after bariatric surgery are safer than in morbidly obese women, but there are still risks involved. Experts recommend that women should wait at least 12 months before trying for a baby following weight loss surgery.
Researchers at University of Warwick discover a dysfunctional monthly fertility window can cause recurrent miscarriage. Prolonged inflammation in the uterus can lead to embryos implanting out-of-phase, resulting in miscarriage.
A new study suggests that treating mild sleep-disordered breathing in pregnant women with preeclampsia with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy improves fetal activity levels and may improve fetal outcomes. On average, fetal movement increased by 273 during the night with CPAP therapy.
Researchers found no significant association between SSRI use during pregnancy and increased risk of stillbirth, neonatal death, or postneonatal death. However, women exposed to SSRIs had higher rates of stillbirth and postneonatal mortality due to underlying maternal psychiatric disease.
A new five-year grant will support research on the benefits of pre-pregnancy maternal nutrition for baby health. The project aims to compare daily supplements given at three months or 12 weeks gestation, as well as a control group with home visits and education.
A new study found married women experience less intimate-partner violence, substance abuse and post-partum depression compared to cohabitating women. Married couples tend to have fewer psychosocial problems regardless of their relationship duration.
A new study on mice suggests that common anesthetic agents like Nitrous Oxide and isoflurane can cause neuronal cell death and changes in gene expression in developing brains. The findings have implications for the use of anesthesia during pregnancy and childbirth.
Research found that healthcare providers often advise overweight and obese women to gain less weight than recommended, leading to potential health risks. Women also received limited exercise guidance, with most advised to limit or stop exercising altogether.
A study found that pregnant women who follow a Western diet, high in saturated fats but low in carbohydrates, increase the risk of their child being born with a diabetogenic profile. The researchers emphasize the importance of a balanced Mediterranean diet during pregnancy to avoid this risk.
A new study has identified factors during pregnancy and postpartum that can predict pelvic girdle pain among working women. History of low back pain and higher somatization are found to be predictors, while more sleep or rest and fewer days of bed rest after delivery are associated with a lower risk.
Researchers identified four new genetic regions associated with birth weight, which also link to adult metabolism and disease. The study found that these genetic regions influence blood pressure, height, and type 2 diabetes risk in adulthood.
A recent study found that two-thirds of Australian mums-to-be are unsure about how much weight they should gain during pregnancy. The majority knew healthy eating was important but struggled to identify the right amount from different food groups. Overweight women were more likely to gain too much weight, while those with a lower BMI s...
Researchers at NIH/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development found that prenatal intervention with neuroprotective peptides reduces learning deficits in mice with Down syndrome-like characteristics. The study suggests potential therapeutic benefits for individuals with Down syndrome.