Articles tagged with Kidney
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A Phase 3 trial of clazakizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-6, failed to demonstrate efficacy in treating chronic active antibody-mediated kidney transplant rejection. The study, which recruited 350 patients, showed no significant improvement in kidney function at week 52.
Recent phase 3 clinical trials have generated promising results for improving kidney health, including finerenone and semaglutide's effects on kidney parameters. These findings will be presented at ASN Kidney Week 2024.
A recent analysis of clinical trial data reveals that SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin reduces major adverse cardiovascular events, hospitalization for heart failure or cardiovascular death, and chronic kidney disease progression in older adults. The effects on safety outcomes are not modified by age.
A study conducted by Hiddo L. Heerspink at the University Medical Center Groningen found that Ozempic reduced protein in urine by 52% and decreased kidney inflammation by 30%, as well as lowering blood pressure and reducing a key measure of heart failure
A study published in JAMA found that personalized recommendations for hospitalized patients with acute kidney injury did not improve outcomes. Despite higher implementation rates in the intervention group, worsening acute kidney injury stage, dialysis, or mortality remained unchanged.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence and mortality rates have increased significantly among women worldwide, with a 2.10% annual percentage change in prevalence and a 3.39% increase in mortality. The study highlights the need for policy interventions and public awareness campaigns to curb the rise of CKD.
A recent study found that GLP-1RA medications are not associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients receiving anti-cancer therapies. Researchers analyzed medical records of 14,783 patients and discovered a lower incidence of AKI among those taking GLP-1RA compared to those without exposure.
A novel approach combines 17 biomarkers to identify three distinct health dimensions: systemic inflammation and filtration, tubular function, and tubular damage. Higher tubular damage scores were associated with higher risk of CKD progression, while lower tubular function scores predicted mortality risk.
Felzartamab induces rapid and durable depletion of galactose-deficient IgA1 and total IgA antibodies in patients with IgA nephropathy. The treatment maintains Gd-IgA1 reduction for up to 9 months off-treatment, offering a potential breakthrough in managing this autoimmune kidney disease.
Researchers analyzed over 16,000 biopsies from nearly 7,000 kidney transplant recipients to uncover key insights into microvascular inflammation. The study found reclassified patients with microvascular inflammation in the absence of antibody-mediated responses displayed an increased risk of graft failure.
A cohort study of children with vesicoureteral reflux found that glomerular filtration rate changes after urinary tract infections. The study used data from the Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux trial to assess estimated glomerular filtration rate changes in participants with vs without recurrent UTIs.
A new study from the University of Texas at Arlington suggests that analyzing RNA in urine can show changes in cell types, revealing early signs of cancer and other diseases. This method could help clinicians detect problems earlier when they are more easily treated without invasive procedures.
A new AI-powered model has been developed to predict kidney transplant outcomes with high accuracy, offering hope for more efficient organ allocation and improved patient outcomes. The tool, UK-DTOP, outperforms existing methods in predicting outcomes for deceased-donor kidney transplants.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association has revealed new insights into treating cats exposed to toxic lilies. The study found no significant difference in acute kidney injury prevalence between inpatient and outpatient groups, suggesting that outpatient management may be a viable option fo...
Researchers at USC found a link between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and kidney damage, which may be tied to dysregulation of the gut microbiome. The study, published in Science of the Total Environment, suggests that changes in gut bacteria and related metabolites can explain up to 50% of decreased kidney function.
A multicenter observational study in the US found that kidney transplantation from deceased donors with HIV to recipients with HIV was safe and noninferior to transplantation from donors without HIV. The study enrolled 198 adults with HIV and end-stage kidney disease, comparing outcomes between 99 donors with HIV and 99 without.
A nonselective extracorporeal blood purification device reduced cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury in nonemergent patients. The study showed a significant reduction of AKI in the first 7 days after surgery.
A new non-invasive imaging technique has been shown to accurately detect clear-cell renal cell carcinoma, the most common form of kidney cancer. The technique uses a monoclonal antibody drug that targets the protein CA9, highly expressed in up to 95% of clear cell kidney cancers.
A new study reveals a significant association between COVID-19 and acute kidney disorders, including acute kidney injury, peaking during the second week after infection. Healthcare providers should closely monitor kidney function in COVID-19 patients with moderate to severe cases, particularly during the first few weeks after infection.
Researchers found that low Wnt signaling levels regulate NPC self-renewal, while higher levels initiate differentiation into mature kidney cell types. The studies also reveal the role of beta-catenin in aggregating NPCs to form early kidney structures.
A study found that naldemedine reduces constipation in cancer patients taking opioids, improving quality of life and reducing nausea. After 14 days, 64.6% of naldemedine-treated patients showed no signs of constipation compared to 17.0% in the placebo group.
Researchers at IGTP have discovered a specific cellular pattern in regulatory B cells to monitor kidney transplant patients. This signature can help identify low-risk patients who may benefit from reduced immunosuppression and those at high risk who require closer monitoring.
Researchers found that macrophages produce lipid mediators that promote and suppress inflammation in AKI. The study suggests that MAFB regulates the production of pro-resolving LMs, shifting from a pro-inflammatory to a pro-resolving state.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System have identified a crucial biological switch that regulates renin production in certain cells, allowing them to control blood pressure. This discovery provides important direction for future research into high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease treatment.
A Cleveland Clinic study found bariatric surgery to be more effective in protecting kidney function and reducing the risk of kidney failure compared to GLP-1 medications. The study showed a 60% lower risk of progression of kidney disease and a 44% lower risk of developing kidney failure or death.
Researchers found that gold nanoparticles can accurately assess kidney injuries using X-rays, correlating with nanoparticle accumulation. However, caution is needed when employing nanomedicines to patients with compromised kidneys.
A recent study found that using a handheld ultrasound device to nudge patients' kidney-stone fragments can significantly lower their risk of returning for another operation within five years. The procedure has been shown to reduce the recurrence rate by 70% in patients with small fragments remaining in the kidneys.
Researchers at Kyoto University have developed a human iPS cell-derived kidney organoid-based proximal tubule-on-chip that mimics in vivo renal physiology. This model exhibits enhanced expression and polarity of essential renal transporters, making it a powerful tool for assessing drug transport and nephrotoxicity.
The grant will create the Urinary Stone Disease Hub, combining medical expertise across adult and pediatric urology and nephrology, informatics, and AI to establish a novel data resource. The hub will include clinically important information from CT images, clinical notes, stone composition, and 24-hour urine labs.
Researchers from Aarhus University developed a new method to predict which patients with chronic kidney failure are at risk of losing kidney function over time. The method analyzes acid-base balances in urine samples, revealing early signs of acid buildup that can be harmful to kidney function.
The study found that semaglutide was effective in preventing heart attacks and other major adverse cardiovascular events as well as death in adults with impaired kidney function. The results showed a significant reduction in cardiovascular disease risk with semaglutide, even among those with poor kidney function.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have elucidated the structural mechanism of URAT1, a protein linked to gout, using cryo-electron microscopy. The findings reveal how URAT1 transports urate and offer new insights for developing more effective treatments for gout.
Researchers have identified key cellular interactions and microenvironments that contribute to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) after acute kidney injury (AKI) in mice. The study, published in Nature Communications, provides new insights into how damaged cells interact within disease-promoting microenvironments.
F18-FDG PET-CT scans showed significantly higher levels of radioactively-labeled glucose in kidneys for patients with ICI-AKI compared to those with AKI from non-ICI causes. This suggests a potential non-invasive testing option for differentiating cause of AKI as being ICI-related vs. non-ICI-related.
Researchers created a mouse model to study relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs), revealing the syndrome impacts the entire body and affects males and females differently. REDs leads to hormonal and reproductive issues, insomnia and fatigue, bone weakness and injury, and anxiety and depression.
After three decades, perioperative mortality rates for living kidney donors have decreased substantially, from fewer than 1 event per 10,000 donations in the past decade to even lower numbers. Donor demographics, such as male donors and those with a history of hypertension, are identified as high-risk groups.
A new study by NYU Langone Health found that the risk of death for kidney donors has decreased significantly since the 1990s, with fewer than one death occurring for every 10,000 donations. Donors who were male and had a history of high blood pressure were more likely to die within 90 days of surgery.
Researchers have made a significant breakthrough in vasculitis research using AI-powered big data techniques, enabling more precise identification of disease patterns. The study offers new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of systemic vasculitis, a group of rare autoimmune diseases.
A Vanderbilt University Medical Center study found that higher thiazide doses significantly lower urine calcium, leading to fewer symptomatic kidney stone events. The researchers suggest monitoring calcium excretion while on thiazide therapy to adjust dose and diet.
Researchers at Washington State University developed an AI algorithm that optimizes 3D printing settings, reducing time and cost for engineers. The algorithm improved the accuracy and quality of printed models, particularly for complex biomedical devices like kidneys and prostates.
A University of Gothenburg study found that occupational exposure to particles in the construction industry may increase the risk of chronic kidney disease. Construction workers exposed to high levels of dust and particles were about 15% more likely to be diagnosed with the condition.
A new risk prediction scale specifically for American Indian adults found elevated heart failure rates compared to other population groups. The analysis identified Type 2 diabetes status, kidney damage, and high blood pressure as major modifiable determinants of developing heart failure over 5-10 years.
The new center aims to build on Columbia's groundbreaking work in developing innovative diagnostics and treatments for rare kidney diseases. It will also provide expert care to patients with glomerular disease and expand education and training for medical professionals through a fellowship program.
A Leipzig study found that chronic kidney disease (CKD) activates microglial cells, disrupting potassium balance in nerve cells and leading to cognitive impairment. Researchers identified a mechanism involving the blood-brain barrier and potential therapeutic targets.
A Berlin-led research team has discovered that a small population of immune cells called innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) trigger severe kidney inflammation in patients with lupus. ILCs, which are present in the kidneys, amplify organ damage when activated by NKp46 receptors.
Researchers analyzed 51,000 transplants and found rejection and graft failure rates were similar for toxoplasma-positive and negative donor kidneys. The study suggests it is safe to transplant toxoplasma-positive kidneys with additional monitoring, potentially increasing the supply of donor kidneys.
A five-year randomized control trial found that diets high in fruits and vegetables lower blood pressure, reduce cardiovascular risk, and improve kidney health. The study also suggests that incorporating fruits and vegetables into treatment plans can be more effective than traditional medication approaches.
A new DNA-powered signal amplification technology called ACE significantly enhances the sensitivity of mass cytometry, enabling the detection of multiple proteins in single cells. This breakthrough allows researchers to investigate complex biological processes and study immune cell functions with unprecedented depth.
A recent study published in ESC Heart Failure found that kidney dysfunction can be used as a criterion to stratify patients requiring implantable defibrillators. The research identified two key independent predictors for the risk of sudden cardiac death: left ventricular ejection fraction and estimated glomerular filtration rate.
A newly developed imaging system has allowed researchers to visualize ATP production and utilization in different kidney cell segments. The study found distinct ATP synthesis pathways in proximal tubules and podocytes, suggesting targeting these pathways could lead to more effective treatments for kidney diseases.
A new combined cell therapy for kidney transplants uses a combination of bone marrow cells from the donor and Treg cells from the recipient to reduce the donor-specific reaction. This approach preserves the overall diversity of the T-cell receptor repertoire, crucial for immune defence.
Researchers found that bowel movement frequency is linked to long-term health, with younger people, women, and those with lower BMI tending to have less frequent bowel movements. The study also showed associations between bowel movement frequency and chronic disease risk, mental health history, and gut microbiome composition.
Researchers from Aarhus University have developed a method that can detect the earliest changes in the kidney when scar tissue begins to form. This technology uses hyperpolarized 13C-pyruvate MRI to track fibrosis formation, allowing doctors to start treatment earlier and potentially prevent damage.
A UCLA-led team created a machine-learning model that can accurately predict short-term CRRT survival, providing a data-driven tool for clinical decision-making. The study aims to improve patient outcomes and resource use by serving as a basis for future clinical trials.
Researchers have developed a novel metasurface platform with aggregation induced emissions (AIE) biosensors to enhance human serum albumin detection in urine tests. The system improves readings and reduces consumption, making large-scale surveys more accessible.
Researchers found that combining sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists reduces the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and chronic kidney disease progression by 11% and 33%, respectively. The study suggests using this combination to further improve outcomes in patients with typ...
A study found that pay-for-performance incentives increased home dialysis use and kidney transplant rates. The End-Stage Renal Disease Treatment Choices model did not associate these outcomes with changes in racial or socioeconomic disparities.
Researchers at USC Keck School of Medicine discovered that a low-salt diet can stimulate kidney regeneration and repair in mice by targeting the macula densa region. This finding holds promise for developing a new therapeutic approach to treat chronic kidney disease, which affects millions worldwide.
A new biomarker has been discovered that can help predict which patients with clear cell renal cancer are at higher risk of recurrence. The 15-gene signature was found to be independently associated with worse disease-free survival and disease-specific survival in two large validation datasets.
A large international study of 1,042 living kidney donors found no significant differences in health indicators compared to non-donors seven years after donation. The study also provides insights into recovery time from living kidney donation, suggesting a longer recovery period than previously thought.