Articles tagged with Clouds
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Hurricane Jimena is rapidly intensifying due to its strong thunderstorms building up quickly, especially in its northern quadrant. The storm's maximum sustained winds are expected to reach 145 mph, making it a powerful Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Scale.
Tropical Storm Jimena strengthens with deep convection and banding around its circulation. The storm is forecast to become a hurricane on August 27, with rapid intensification possible within the next 24 hours.
Hurricane Ignacio strengthened to a hurricane after showing very cold cloud tops, indicating stronger uplift in tropical cyclones. The storm's maximum sustained winds increased to near 85 mph with forecasted peak strength on August 29.
The remnants of Typhoon Atsani triggered watches for heavy rain and snow in parts of Alaska on August 26, 2015. Cloud top temperatures indicated strong storms with potential for heavy rainfall, particularly near -63F/-53C.
Tropical Storm Erika is expected to produce 2-4 inches of rain and slow strengthening over the next 48 hours. The storm's center will move near or over parts of the Leeward Islands, Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico from August 26-28.
NASA's GPM and NOAA's GOES satellites provide insights into Tropical Storm Erika's rainfall patterns and cloud structure. The storm is expected to approach the Leeward Islands on Wednesday night, prompting a Tropical Storm Watch for several Caribbean islands.
Tropical Storm Atsani was elongated with powerful thunderstorms in its quadrants, but its eastern quadrant showed almost no activity. The storm's interaction with westerlies and impending drop in sea surface temperatures indicate it may transition to an extra-tropical storm.
Tropical Depression Danny was already affecting the Leeward Islands when NASA's Terra satellite passed overhead. The storm is expected to produce heavy rainfall over several islands in the region.
Tropical Storm Loke is strengthening in the Central Pacific, with NASA's Terra satellite gathering data on its powerful storms. The storm is expected to reach hurricane strength later today, bringing heavy rainfall and strong winds to affected areas.
A new tropical depression formed in the Central Pacific Ocean on August 20, with NASA's Aqua satellite capturing its infrared image on August 21. The system is moving northwards and is expected to curve northwest by August 22.
Hurricane Danny is a small Category 2 hurricane with hurricane-force winds extending only 15 miles from the eye. Satellite data indicates maximum sustained winds of near 105mph and an estimated minimum central pressure of 976 millibars.
CloudSat's cloud profiling radar captured the sloping nature of Super Typhoon Atsani's eyewall, revealing heavy rainfall and powerful thunderstorms. The satellite also detected deep convective cloud tops northwest and southeast of the eye, with winds extending over 60 nautical miles from the center.
Typhoon Goni, a Category 4 hurricane, was analyzed by NASA's Aqua satellite on August 19, 2015, revealing cloud top temperatures as cold as -63.1F/-81.6C surrounding its eye.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured infrared data on Tropical Storm Danny, revealing cloud top temperatures near -63F/-52C and sea surface temperatures over 300 kelvin. The storm is expected to strengthen and potentially become a hurricane by August 23, with maximum sustained winds reaching 105 mph.
The Suomi NPP satellite gathered infrared data on Typhoon Goni, showing the strongest thunderstorms in its eastern and southern quadrants. The storm maintained a convective signature despite weakening uplift, with winds near 115mph and a Category Three rating.
Typhoon Atsani formed on August 14 as Tropical Depression 17W and strengthened into a typhoon on August 16. NASA's Terra satellite detected powerful thunderstorms around its eye on August 17, with cloud top temperatures reaching -63F/-53C.
A NASA animation showcases Hurricane Hilda's weakening phase, from a hurricane to a low-pressure area, as it moves towards Hawaii. The storm encountered wind shear, leading to its dissipation.
Tropical Storm Molave was observed by NASA's Suomi NPP satellite on August 13, 2015, with a distinctive fan shape and strong winds near 40 knots. The storm was moving east-northeast at 15 knots and forecasters expect it to continue in that direction.
NASA satellite data revealed towering thunderstorms in Hurricane Hilda dropping heavy rainfall, with storms north of the eye releasing over 5.9 inches of rain per hour. The storm's cloud tops reached altitudes of over 10 miles, indicating powerful weather conditions.
The Suomi NPP satellite captured a visible image of Tropical Storm Molave, revealing strong winds and clouds southeast of the storm's center. The satellite data showed that the strongest winds were in this quadrant, with forecasters predicting intensification over warm sea surface temperatures.
NASA's Terra satellite detected a surge in thunderstorm development on Molave, leading to its regaining of tropical storm status. The storm is intensifying as it moves northeast, expected to reach peak intensity of 60 knots (69 mph) before becoming extra-tropical.
A team of University of Miami researchers conducted an airborne experiment on low-lying clouds in the Pacific Ocean to better understand their effects on global climate. The project uses advanced technologies like Doppler cloud radar and aerosol lidar to study cloud structure, aerosols, and precipitation.
Typhoon Soudelor's eye has expanded to 17-nautical-mile-wide, surrounding powerful thunderstorms. The storm made landfall in central Taiwan on August 7, with maximum sustained winds increasing to 105 knots (120.8 mph).
Tropical Depression Guillermo has weakened significantly due to strong vertical wind shear, inhibiting thunderstorm development. The storm is forecast to become a remnant low later today and dissipate on Saturday.
Tropical Storm Hilda formed early on August 6 in the Eastern Pacific, with the GOES-West satellite capturing its development. The storm strengthened into a tropical storm by 11 a.m. EDT and is expected to reach hurricane strength by Saturday.
Tropical Storm Guillermo is experiencing strong vertical wind shear, leading to a wedge-shaped storm. The system is expected to weaken further as it encounters dry air and continues moving west-northwest towards the Hawaiian Islands.
Tropical Storm Guillermo is creeping closer to the Hawaiian Islands, prompting a tropical storm watch for counties including Maui and Hawaii. The storm's maximum sustained winds are near 70 mph, with expected slow and steady weakening.
The study provides insight into the mechanism of water transitioning from a liquid to a crystalline solid. It also explores the origin of two different crystalline shapes that ice can take at ambient pressure, shedding light on why cubic ice is favored over hexagonal ice during initial stages of nucleation.
Tiny marine organisms produce airborne gases and organic matter to seed cloud droplets, leading to brighter clouds that reflect more sunlight. This process affects the amount of solar energy reaching Earth's surface, with implications for global climate.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured infrared data showing cloud top temperatures as cold as -63F/-53C on July 23, indicating potential heavy rainfall. The tropical depression is moving away from the Philippines in a north-northeasterly direction with maximum sustained winds near 25 knots.
NASA satellite data shows Tropical Cyclone Halola getting stronger with strongest sustained winds appearing on the northeastern side as strong as 22 meters per second. The storm's cloud top temperatures are also getting colder, indicating more uplift or strength in the storm, potentially leading to heavy rainfall and thunderstorms.
NASA detected strongest thunderstorms east of Tropical Storm Halola's circulation center with cloud top temperatures reaching -63F/-53C. The storm is forecast to intensify and reach typhoon status over the next several days, posing a threat to the island of Iwo To, Japan.
New research reveals that marine plankton in the Southern Ocean produce airborne gases and organic matter to seed cloud droplets, leading to brighter clouds. The study found correlations between phytoplankton blooms and increased cloud droplet concentrations, which reflect about 4 watts of solar energy per square meter.
Tropical Storm Dolores is weakening due to colder water and increased wind shear, forecasted to become a remnant low in a few days. Swells generated by the storm affect southwestern Mexico and western Baja California.
Typhoon Halola has become elongated due to wind shear, with cloud top temperatures as low as -63F/-52C, leading to heavy rainfall. The storm is expected to maintain typhoon intensity and move west-northwestward over the next several days.
Hurricane Dolores was a Category 4 storm with maximum sustained winds near 130 mph, affecting southwestern Mexico and Baja California peninsula. The storm is expected to continue moving westward, with some strengthening possible during the night of July 14.
Tropical cyclones require sea surface temperatures of at least 80 degrees Fahrenheit to maintain strength. Tropical Storm Enrique has moved into an area with temperatures below this threshold, leading to weakening and reduced winds.
Satellite data indicates Hurricane Dolores is strengthening, with colder cloud tops and increased sustained winds of near 80 mph. The storm's trajectory suggests it will continue to pull away from the coast, potentially bringing heavy rainfall and rough surf to southwestern Mexico.
Tropical Storm Enrique forms after satellite image analysis shows improved organization and convection. Maximum sustained winds reach near 40 mph with higher gusts, posing a threat to cooler sea surface temperatures and dry air in its path.
NASA's Terra satellite captured an image of Tropical Depression Iune as a elongated storm before dry air affected it. The depression is expected to become a post-tropical remnant low and dissipate by July 15.
Ocean organisms produce aerosols that nearly double cloud droplet numbers in summer, boosting sunlight reflection. The study estimates the equivalent solar energy impact over the whole Southern Ocean.
Supertyphoon Nangka was observed by NASA's Aqua satellite on July 9, providing visible and infrared images of the storm. The storm had powerful thunderstorms with a 9.2 km-wide eye and temperatures as low as -63°C, capable of generating heavy rain.
Tropical Storm Ela formed in Eastern Pacific and became Central Pacific's first named storm, battling wind shear to survive. The storm has maximum sustained winds near 40 mph with higher gusts, and is forecast to weaken due to persistent wind shear.
Tropical Storm Linfa has strengthened in the South China Sea, with maximum sustained winds reaching 50 knots (57.5 mph) on July 7. The storm is moving northwards between Luzon and Taiwan, forecast to make landfall in mainland China.
Typhoon Nangka strengthened from a tropical storm to a typhoon under NASA's observation, showcasing powerful thunderstorms and coldest cloud top temperatures near -81 Fahrenheit. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center forecasts the system to intensify beyond Category 5 before weakening.
Typhoon Chan-Hom continues to strengthen as it moves through the Northwestern Pacific Ocean. Powerful winds of up to 55.9 mph/90 kph were detected near 25 meters per second from north of the center.
Typhoon Nangka's infrared data showed cold cloud top temperatures indicating strong thunderstorms and a good circulation. The storm intensified from a tropical storm to a typhoon after NASA's Aqua satellite passed overhead on July 6.
Typhoon Chan-Hom strengthened over three days, peaking as a Category 4 typhoon with maximum sustained winds nearing 130 knots. The storm is forecast to pass between Ishigakjima and Kadena islands on July 9 before making landfall in eastern China.
Tropical Storm Linfa weakened due to wind shear after moving over land, with a elongated shape and deep convection in the southwest quadrant. The storm is forecast to strengthen before dissipating in the Taiwan Strait on July 10.
The coldest thunderstorm cloud tops measured were near -63 Fahrenheit, indicating high uplift and potential for heavy rain. Tropical Depression 10W is expected to intensify as it passes just northwest of Luzon, northeastern Philippines.
Tropical Storm Kujira experienced strong vertical wind shear, displacing convection from its center. The strongest storms had coldest cloud top temperatures, indicating potential for heavy rainfall.
Researchers found that jet contrails depress daytime-highs and nighttime-lows, mimicking the effect of ordinary clouds, with a 5-6 degree Fahrenheit reduction in daily temperature range in regions like the South and Midwest.
NASA's RapidScat and Terra satellites observed Tropical Depression 3-E forming in the Eastern Pacific, with sustained winds near 15 meters per second (33.5 mph) and a powerful thunderstorm band spiraling into its center.
Remnant moisture from hurricane Blanca will generate scattered thunderstorms over New Mexico, with enhanced chances for rain in the northwest plateau and northern mountains. Isolated showers and thunderstorms are expected in Albuquerque, with a high near 88.
NASA satellites tracked Tropical Cyclone Ashobaa's powerful storms, with rainfall rates exceeding 70.5 mm per hour and storm heights reaching up to 21 km. The cyclone is strengthening despite high wind shear, but is expected to weaken after landfall on June 12.
The remnants of Hurricane Blanca are blanketing northern Baja California and mainland Mexico with disorganized storm clouds. NASA's GOES-West satellite captured an infrared image revealing the system's rapid disruption by high terrain, leading to dissipation later in the day.
A study published in ACS Central Science reveals how the chemical composition of ocean aerosol particles influences their ability to form clouds. The new method categorizes particles based on their likelihood of taking up water, providing a more precise measure of cloud-formation potential.
Tropical Storm Blanca weakened before making landfall in Baja California, Mexico, with maximum sustained winds decreasing to near 40 mph. The storm's eye had disappeared by June 7, and it was expected to degenerate into a remnant low by Tuesday.
The Suomi NPP satellite gathered infrared data on Hurricane Blanca, which was false-colored to show locations of the strongest thunderstorms. The image revealed two areas of coldest cloud top temperatures and strongest storms west-southwest and east-northeast of Blanca's circulation center.
Scientists have uncovered seven new species of highly miniaturized frogs in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, highlighting their vulnerability to extinction due to climate change. The discovery showcases the unique adaptations of these tiny frogs, with many exhibiting bright colors as a warning to potential predators.