Articles tagged with Cerium
Researchers develop redox-adaptive auto-tandem catalysis using cerium to perform multiple reaction steps in a single container. This method reduces overhead and energy requirements, leading to lower costs and reduced chemical waste.
Researchers at HSE University discovered a way to control the color and brightness of glow emitted by rare earth elements. By adjusting the chemical environment, they altered the energy gap between electron levels, changing the luminescence spectrum.
A research team at Hokkaido University developed novel cerium oxide-based thermal switches, surpassing prior benchmarks with high efficiency and sustainability. The switches feature a new benchmark for electrochemical thermal switches, offering broad applications in industries such as electronics cooling and renewable energy systems.
The study proposes a strategy to use spinel oxides, particularly those involving rare-earth cerium substitution, to improve the oxygen evolution reaction. The team found that adding Ce promotes the lattice oxygen pathway, leading to highly active spinel oxide catalysts for electrochemical reactions.
Researchers at Uppsala University and Columbia University have created a new 2D quantum material, CeSiI, with atoms-thin layers of cerium, silicon, and iodine. The material features super-heavy electrons with an effective mass up to 100 times that of ordinary materials.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered a way to transform a rare-earth crystal into a magnet by using chirality in phonons. Chirality, or the twisting of atoms' motion, breaks time-reversal symmetry and aligns electron spins, creating a magnetic effect.
Researchers have identified and fabricated a new electrocatalyst using theoretical predictions, significantly improving the oxygen evolution reaction. The discovery uses cerium-doped cobalt oxide to achieve an overpotential of only 261 mV at 10 mA cm−2, outperforming individual cobalt oxide.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have synthesized cerianite, a rare earth mineral with antioxidant properties, using an environmentally friendly method. The study provides new insights into the occurrence and behavior of cerianite in natural deposits and expands knowledge on REE synthesis.
Scientists discovered that 12 strains of cyanobacteria can passively collect rare earth elements from wastewater through a process called biosorption. This process has great potential for the circular recovery and reuse of rare earth metals in industries such as mining, electronics, and chemicals.
A team of researchers from Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology has discovered thermodynamically stable phases in Y–Ce–H and La–Ce–H systems that exhibit high-temperature superconductivity. Calculations predicted Tc values of up to 173 K, paving the way for the development of more energy-efficient and sustainable societies.
Researchers from Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz developed ceria nanoparticles to silence bacteria by modifying signaling molecules, preventing biofilm formation. This approach mimics nature's defense system and has potential for creating antibacterial surfaces without resistance.
Scientists have created a new method to stabilize precious metals as catalysts, enabling efficient use of expensive materials in various applications. The approach involves dispersing metal atoms within nanometer-sized islands of cerium oxide, which provides high surface area and stability.
UCF researchers have designed a cerium oxide nanoparticle to protect bones against radiation damage from cancer therapy. The treatment also improves bone regeneration and kills cancer cells, reducing the risk of bone fractures and tissue damage.
Researchers at KAUST developed a new exhaust catalyst concept that can effectively remove NOx from vehicle emissions, resolving an ongoing debate over additive atoms in the catalyst mix. The team identified the ideal atomic recipe to catalytically remove NOx from diesel car tailpipes.
Researchers use computational detective work to verify the existence of a 3D quantum spin liquid in cerium zirconium pyrochlore, overcoming decades-long challenge. The material exhibits fractionalized spin excitations, where electrons do not arrange their spins in relation to neighbors.
Cerium oxide mesocrystals can be fabricated in a controlled way using radiation chemistry, enabling tuning for applications such as solar cells and fuel catalysts. The unique structure of these nanomaterials allows for customization of optical, magnetic, or electronic properties.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have developed a novel catalyst that significantly improves the efficiency of propylene production. The catalyst utilizes carbon dioxide efficiently and exhibits high selectivity, stability, and long-term reusability.
Scientists develop a sensitive electrochemical detector using cerium oxide nanozyme to identify organophosphate pesticides in plants. The method provides an unprecedented wider linear range and a detection limit of 0.06 mmol/L, making it suitable for detecting trace amounts of pesticide residues.
Rice chemist Julian West and graduate student Yen-Chu Lu discovered manganese as a more efficient catalyst for synthesizing fluoroketones, precursor molecules for drugs. The use of manganese reduces material costs and simplifies purification.
Scientists have discovered two new cerium superhydrides, CeH9 and CeH10, which exhibit superconductivity at lower pressures than previously known compounds. This breakthrough brings researchers closer to creating room-temperature superconductors with more manageable pressure conditions.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a new material called cerium molybdate with high antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. The material exhibits improved antiviral properties compared to earlier works, and its potential applications include coatings for surfaces and everyday items.
Researchers have synthesized a novel superconductor CeH9 with exciting properties. The compound exhibits superconductivity at relatively low pressure of 1 million atmospheres.
Physicists at Rice University have created a new alloy that exhibits unusual electronic properties when traversing the final frontier of quantum criticality. The cerium palladium aluminum alloy behaves like a spin liquid, a metallic system with exotic properties that can be found in other strongly correlated materials.
Rice University physicists have shown single crystals of cerium zirconium pyrochlore possess the right characteristics to qualify as the first possible 3D quantum spin liquid. The material exhibits long-range magnetic order and entanglement, which are hallmarks of a quantum spin liquid.
Researchers at Northwestern University have discovered that cerium's electronic entropy is the underlying reason for its success in water-splitting technologies. Cerium's large entropy makes it ideal for hydrogen production, opening up possibilities for future work in creating a more efficient and environmentally friendly energy system.
Researchers have developed a method to inhibit hazardous seawater fouling using cerium dioxide nanoparticles, mimicking the natural defense mechanism of algae. The particles block bacterial communication and prevent biofilm formation, making them an eco-friendly alternative to copper-based biocides.
Researchers discovered unusual phenomena in a single cerium hexaboride crystal, exceeding theoretical expectations and sparking new research directions. The study offers a way to test the validity of accepted scientific theories, emphasizing the importance of recognizing fundamental results over practical applications.
Researchers used X-ray phase contrast imaging to study the formation and evolution of jets in cerium metal after shock waves were generated by impact systems. The study found that the yield stress of cerium could be estimated using jet heights and velocity histories, providing insight into material strength.
Scientists at Ames Laboratory have created a new magnetic alloy using cerium instead of dysprosium, which is scarce and expensive. The alloy demonstrates comparable properties to traditional magnets and could be used in high-performance applications such as wind turbines and automobile engines.
ORNL researchers directly observed single dopant atoms moving inside a bulk material for the first time, contradicting theoretical predictions. The study provides unprecedented insight into the properties and lifespan of new materials, particularly in energy-saving LED lights.
Researchers discovered that electrons in cerium dioxide nanoparticles behave like a cloud, distributing themselves over the entire nanoparticle. This finding challenges the traditional model of electron behavior and opens up new avenues for research on nanomaterials.
A new study from the University of Sheffield has developed a method to reduce the volume of plutonium-contaminated nuclear waste by 85-95%. This approach involves mixing the waste with blast furnace slag and turning it into glass, creating a stable end product that effectively locks in radioactive materials.
Rice chemist Vicki Colvin led a team that created small, uniform spheres of cerium oxide with biocompatible coatings, enhancing its natural antioxidant properties. The nanoparticles can absorb and release oxygen ions to protect against radiation-induced side effects and may slow aging.
A team of researchers at the Vienna University of Technology has created a new class of thermoelectric materials with exceptional properties. The material's unique crystal structure and trapped magnetic atoms create a high voltage when hot and cold objects are connected, making it more efficient than previous materials.
A University of Texas at Arlington engineer has developed a semiconductor-based process to capture, store and transmit solar energy more efficiently. The new method increases the yield of solar energy by 10 times and improves efficiency fourfold compared to current methods.
A new study has found that widely used nanoparticles accumulate in soybean plants grown in farm soil, which could have health implications. Zinc oxide and cerium dioxide, commonly used in cosmetics, were detected in the reproductive/edible portions of the soybeans.
A recent study by Marshall University researchers discovered that nanoparticles of cerium oxide, commonly used in diesel fuels, can travel from the lungs to the liver and cause damage. The study found a dose-dependent increase in cerium levels in the liver, associated with liver enzyme elevations and histological evidence of liver damage.
The U.S. Department of Energy will fund two cutting-edge projects to replace rare-earth materials in magnets for wind turbines and electric vehicles. Researchers aim to develop new high-strength permanent magnets using cerium and manganese, reducing dependence on critical materials like rare earths.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a new type of glass that blocks ultraviolet light and has increased radiation damage resistance. The cerium-containing phosphate glasses can be used in windows, sunglasses, and solar cells.
Scientists discover that cerium and aluminum can form a previously impossible alloy under extreme pressure, creating new material properties. The delocalized electrons cause the atoms to collapse in volume, allowing them to nestle together and form an alloy.
Researchers at Uppsala University have successfully formed a substitutional alloy between Cerium and Aluminium under high pressure, defying previous limitations on element compatibility. The discovery opens up possibilities for creating new alloys with unique mechanical, electronic, and magnetic properties.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a method to synthesize high-quality cerium oxide nanotubes, which release oxygen ions when immersed in low-oxygen environments. This process is critical for the nanotubes' effectiveness as catalysts.
Researchers have developed a new paint that prevents corrosion by capturing and releasing corrosion-fighting agents when needed. The pigment contains cerium, a natural anti-corrosion mineral, and can be used in conjunction with other corrosion inhibitors to provide enhanced protection.