Articles tagged with Basic Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Art McDonald, a world-renowned expert in nuclear and particle physics, has been awarded the 2010 Killam Prize for his groundbreaking work on neutrinos. His research at Queen's Sudbury Neutrino Observatory led to a deeper understanding of neutrino properties and their effects in the early universe.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute synthesized a new molecular switch that can turn itself on and off in response to metallic ions. The 'Ouroborand' molecule, named after the mythical lizard, has potential applications in detecting metals, toxins, and pollutants.
The University of Copenhagen is set to establish a leading international research center for basic metabolic research, thanks to a historic $160 million donation from the Novo Nordisk Foundation. The Center will conduct research into Type 2 diabetes and other lifestyle diseases, aiming to make a significant impact on global health trends.
The researchers are developing high-level policy languages and verification techniques to ensure secure information flow in complex systems. Their tools provide graphical visualizations of information flow behavior, allowing designers and auditors to quickly understand a system's security protocols. The goal is to enable rapid informat...
The Air Force Office of Scientific Research has awarded $14.6 million in grants to 38 researchers working on innovative projects, including graphene-superconductor junctions, biotic-abiotic nanoscale interactions, and magnetoplasmonic nanomaterials.
A consortium of institutions, including Scripps Research Institute, has received a $12.2 million grant to develop a national network for researchers. The VIVO network will link researchers across the country and world, making it easier for them to find each other and collaborate on scientific breakthroughs.
The Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) has deepened its commitment to the Latin-American science community through a series of research collaborations. The program aims to generate new ideas that will have a profound impact on the Air Force and the world. AFOSR has partnered with Mexico's Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecn...
Researchers at AFOSR are investigating carbon nanostructures for potential use in various military applications. They aim to develop materials with stable structures for molecular-level bonding and functional challenges.
Jean-Pol Tassin's pioneering work identified the disruption of nonadrenaline and serotonin neuron interaction as a key factor in addictive behavior. His research highlights the critical role played by monoamine inhibitors in tobacco addiction.
Researchers at NASA and AFOSR successfully launched a small rocket using an environmentally-friendly propellant called ALICE, which has the potential to replace traditional propellants. The test achieved a maximum thrust of 650 pounds and showed promise for future space missions.
Researchers from USC and Geosemble Technologies improved Air Force situational awareness by creating software that integrates vast amounts of map data with satellite imagery. The technology uses road vector data to automatically extract information from maps and match it with satellite images.
The US Department of Energy and USDA will fund seven projects to improve the use of plant feedstocks for biofuel production, reducing dependence on foreign oil and creating jobs. The grants aim to unlock advanced biofuels' potential, leveraging lignocellulosic crops that require less intensive land usage.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) awarded grants totaling over $55.5 million to four universities to construct new scientific research facilities. These facilities will support academic research across various topics, including fundamental physics research, nanotechnology, aquaculture, and marine ecology.
Dr. Eric Olson has been awarded the Lefoulon-Delalande Foundation Grand Prize for his pioneering work on gene regulation in the cardiovascular system. His research has illuminated fundamental principles of organ formation and provided new insights into cardiac development, advancing our understanding of congenital heart defects.
Researchers at Harvard University have uncovered a fundamental feedback mechanism that regulates blood clotting, leading to new insights into bleeding disorders and potential treatments.
The Task Force on American Innovation presents its "Legislator of the Year" Award to US House Speaker Nancy Pelosi in recognition of her commitment to increasing federal funding of basic research in physical sciences. The award is a testament to her vision and leadership in promoting scientific innovation.
Dr. William Phillips emphasizes the importance of investing in basic research, citing ONR's support for his Nobel Prize-winning work on laser cooling and trapping of atoms. His lecture showcased the organization's commitment to innovative science and technology.
The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) is establishing 14 new Research Training Groups to promote young researchers in Germany. These groups will focus on innovative areas such as fluorine chemistry, institutional transition in East Asia, and frequency effects in linguistics. The funding recipients will work closely with foreign uni...
Researchers at Scripps Research develop molecules that can evolve and compete for resources, demonstrating niche partitioning in coevolution. The study shows how different species adapt to specific food sources over time, a classic concept in Darwinian evolution.
Dr. Lior Shapira has received the IADR Basic Research in Periodontal Disease Award for his groundbreaking work on the mechanisms of inflammatory responses in periodontitis. He has published over 100 scientific articles and chapters, and continues to serve as a prominent figure in the field.
Researchers have synthesized RNA enzymes that can replicate themselves without proteins, a breakthrough in understanding the origins of life. The system, which involves two enzymes that assemble each other, has been shown to sustain molecular information and give rise to variations through Darwinian evolution.
Scripps researchers develop first definitive study of 2-AG's activity after discovering MAGL-specific inhibitor JZL184, reducing pain in mice and inducing effects associated with cannabinoid receptors. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for chronic pain, obesity, anxiety, and depression.
This special issue explores the fundamental research of new-generation Internet architecture, addressing major technical challenges such as scalability, security, and high-performance. The studies aim to provide theoretical foundations and scientific-proof support for solving these challenges and carry out technological innovation.
Researchers predict when Kondo effect occurs based on magnetic atom geometry, enabling new nanoscale devices. The discovery represents a major advance in understanding this fundamental physical phenomenon.
A study found that healthy individuals are more willing to take enhancement drugs for traits not fundamental to their identity, such as improving concentration. However, they are less likely to agree to enhance traits considered essential to their self-identity.
Researchers at Caltech and the University of Washington aim to design complex molecular systems using computer science principles, enabling systematic design and implementation in the laboratory. The project may lead to revolutionary changes in fields such as nanotechnology and biochemical circuitry.
The University of Texas at San Antonio's MBRS/RISE program will provide funding and professional development opportunities to up to 55 undergraduate and doctoral students from underrepresented minority groups. The program aims to develop the next generation of biomedical researchers through hands-on research experience and training.
The DOE and USDA have awarded $10 million in grants to accelerate fundamental research on cellulosic biofuels, aiming to reduce dependence on imported oil and lower greenhouse gas emissions. The grants will support the development of cost-effective means of producing cellulosic biofuels from various plant materials.
Dr. Koji Nakayama is recognized for his groundbreaking research on Porphyromonas gingivalis, a key player in periodontal disease and potential systemic conditions like cardiovascular disease. He has published over 75 papers on this topic and received the 2000 Rokuzo Kobayashi Memorial Award.
Boron-nitrogen compounds have been structurally characterized and found to possess electron-delocalized structures consistent with aromaticity. This discovery has significant implications for biomedical research and materials science.
Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, director of NIAID, will be honored with the Presidential Medal of Freedom for his decades-long work on HIV/AIDS research and treatment. The award recognizes his efforts to advance human knowledge and bring hope and healing to millions worldwide.
Researchers at UMass Chan Medical School have developed a new technique to target individual genes for inactivation in zebrafish embryos using engineered zinc-finger nucleases. This method has the potential to answer questions that were previously out of reach and will fundamentally change how researchers make knockouts in model organi...
Researchers at Delft University of Technology have demonstrated the avalanche effect in semiconducting nanocrystals, which could lead to higher output and lower manufacturing costs for solar cells. The findings show that specific crystals can release two or three electrons per photon, potentially increasing output to 44%.
This year’s JDRF award recipients are Dr. Michael Brownlee for his work on the biochemical basis of diabetic complications, Dr. Maike Sander for her understanding of insulin-producing cells, and Dr. Michael German for his research on pancreatic beta cell structure and development.
The BBVA Foundation has awarded six Biomedicine Chairs to leading researchers, facilitating knowledge transfer and strengthening ties between Spain and international teams. The chairs will focus on basic and clinical research, with a total funding of €1.2M.
Dr. Tracy Rupp won the National Sleep Foundation Young Investigator Award for her work on sleep extension and its effects on performance and task acquisition. She demonstrated that extended sleep has a 'banked' recuperative value, contrary to current thinking.
Dr. Joe Z. Tsien's research identifies critical memory genes and manipulates them to enhance or impair memory in mice, shedding light on the molecular basis of learning and memory. His work also explores the role of teamwork and neural activity in intelligence, with potential applications for treating diseases like Alzheimer's.
A team of researchers discovered that a common fly's motion-sensitive neurons emit spikes very often and precisely, revealing a more complex language than previously thought. This new understanding challenges traditional assumptions about neural networks and could lead to the development of more efficient artificial intelligence.
A team of scientists at the University of Essex has discovered a new mechanism that regulates carbon dioxide fixation in plants by slowing down sugar production when energy from sunlight is limited. This discovery increases our understanding of this process and may lead to the development of 'fourth generation' biofuels.
Researchers found that cohesin acts as a regulator of gene expression, playing an essential role in reading genes independently of its previously known function. The molecule is also necessary for the function of insulators, which separate regions influenced by regulators.
The Stowers Institute's Proteomics Center has developed a novel method for assigning probabilities to human protein interactions, allowing for the creation of more informative protein interaction networks. This approach enables researchers to estimate the preference of two proteins to associate within a defined complex or larger networ...
Kenneth E. Bernstein identified key components of blood pressure control and was awarded the American Heart Association's Basic Research Prize for his work. His discoveries have led to a major approach in treating hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and diabetic nephropathy.
John P. Donoghue, a Brown University brain scientist, has been awarded the K.J. Zülch Prize for his groundbreaking research on translating thoughts into action, enabling people with paralysis to control devices using brain signals.
A new study identifies adiponectin as a long-term regulator of energy homeostasis, boosting appetite and slowing energy expenditure in the brain during periods of starvation. Adiponctein helps preserve adequate fat reserves by acting as a starvation signal.
A Scripps Research study found that chronic methamphetamine abuse can lead to vascular inflammation and deterioration, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. The study also discovered that long-term methamphetamine users have aberrant immune responses, producing proinflammatory cytokines.
The Department of Energy and Agriculture Secretary Mike Johanns have jointly selected 11 projects for awards totaling $8.3 million to accelerate the development of alternative fuel resources, including cordgrass, rice, and switchgrass.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have discovered that environmental changes can trigger dormant capacities in cells, allowing them to suddenly change their behavior. This phenomenon is made possible by the dynamic nature of nucleosomes and their ability to carry chemical modifications that control DNA expression.
A study suggests that people who decline to participate in research may not necessarily object to taking part, but rather due to confusion about the research nature and process. This finding highlights the importance of clarifying potential sources of confusion in participation requests.
Researchers at the Ames Laboratory have discovered a new family of zinc compounds that can be tuned to exhibit physical properties similar to other materials. These compounds, which are over 85% zinc, display extraordinary tunability, allowing scientists to study magnetism and potentially create superconducting materials.
Dr. Simmer's laboratory made significant observations on the alternative splicing of amelogenin RNA transcripts, leading to improvements in understanding genetic etiologies of inherited enamel defects like amelogenesis imperfecta. His work also focused on tooth dentin and the isolation of dentin sialophosphoprotein-derived proteins.
Dr. Darveau's research has provided major paradigm shifts in understanding host responses to periodontal bacteria, including P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide's ability to down-regulate inflammatory responses.
The Pourquié Lab has clarified the mode of formation of spinal precursors in vertebrates. The study reveals that both a cellular and a tissue-based mode of paraxial mesoderm formation occur across different vertebrate groups, providing fundamental insights into spine precursor development.
Senator Alexander was awarded the SURA Distinguished Friend of Science Award for his efforts to promote basic scientific research and improve math and science education. The award recognizes his commitment to advancing the nation's competitive edge in science and technology.
Blacksburg chemist James McGrath warns that focusing solely on functional polymers stifles basic research, which is crucial for discovery and innovation. He emphasizes the need to balance application-driven research with fundamental studies to prevent knowledge gaps.
EMBL scientists have founded a start-up company called Elara Pharmaceuticals GmbH to develop new anti-cancer drugs. The company will take promising small molecule leads from EMBL's Chemical Biology Core Facility and further develop them for evaluation in animal models of various types of cancer.
Dr. Koo has received the IADR Young Investigator Award, a prestigious honor recognizing his groundbreaking work on microbial biofilms in dental and oral craniofacial research. The award, supported by Procter & Gamble Co., is designed to stimulate basic research in all dental disciplines.
Dr. Progulske-Fox received the Basic Research in Periodontal Disease Award for her work on P. gingivalis and its interactions with human cardiovascular cells. Her research aims to identify virulence genes that could lead to the development of new diagnostic tests, vaccines, and treatments for periodontal and cardiovascular diseases.
Dr. Bonewald will receive the IADR Basic Research in Biological Mineralization Award for her groundbreaking work on biological mineralization, a prestigious recognition of her expertise in dental and oral science. The award acknowledges her outstanding contributions to the field, solidifying her position as a leading researcher.
The Association for Psychological Science has changed its name from American Psychological Society to better clarify its scientific mission. The new name emphasizes the organization's commitment to psychological science and human welfare, as well as its growing international presence.
Charles Townes, the father of quantum electronics, receives the award for his work on masers and lasers, while Raj Reddy is recognized for transforming computer science through robotics and human-computer interaction. Their awards mark the nation's appreciation for their statesmanship in science.