New York University physicists have developed a method for packing microscopic spheres that can improve various commercial products, such as pharmaceutical lotions and ice cream. The researchers manipulated the properties of emulsions using statistical mechanics and depletion attraction to create materials with desired properties.
A University of Colorado Boulder study indicates acupressure may improve cognitive function in individuals with mild traumatic brain injury. Researchers used a form of acupuncture called Jin Shin to stimulate specific points on the body and showed significant improvements in working memory and attention.
A study by Gothenburg University found that motivated employees experience less stress in their work environment. The research highlights the importance of managers understanding what motivates their IT consultants to reduce turnover and increase profitability.
A study of 309 hospitals found that higher hospital spending is not associated with better short-term survival rates for sepsis patients. Hospitals that spent more on care had mortality rates similar to those that spent less.
A Phase II trial found that tenofovir gel achieved a more than 100-times higher concentration of active drug in vaginal tissue compared to the oral tablet. Most US women preferred the oral tablet, while African women favored the gel and tablet equally. The study's findings will be better understood in the context of VOICE results.
The University of Miami has received a grant from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute to design and assess an innovative competency-based premedical curriculum. The new curriculum will focus on integrating basic science concepts with clinical cases to teach students critical thinking skills and prepare them for future medical practice.
A 40-million-year-old extinct mite species reveals a reversal of traditional sex roles, where females have partial or complete control over mating. This finding provides insight into the evolutionary advantages gained by females in controlling aspects of copulation.
A new study found that individuals with a mother who has Alzheimer's disease are twice as likely to experience gray matter shrinkage and have more whole brain atrophy compared to those with a father or no family history. The research suggests that inheriting the disease from one's mother may be a significant risk factor.
Scientists at Queen's University Belfast have developed a gene delivery system that targets and kills breast cancer cells using an innovative nanoparticle transport system. The iNOS gene forces cancer cells to produce poisonous nitric oxide, leading to cell death or increased vulnerability to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Christine Aikens, assistant professor of chemistry at K-State, has received the two-year $50,000 award to support her research on sustainable energy and gold nanoparticles. The fellowship will allow her group to study fundamental problems not funded by other sources.
The modern understanding of homosexuality originated in 19th-century Germany with the Imperial Criminal Code's anti-sodomy law, sparking public inquiry into same-sex eroticism. This led to key components of modern gay rights, including recognizing same-sex attraction as a fundamental aspect of individual biology or psychology.
A recent study by George Mason University psychology professor Todd Kashdan found that mindfulness can neutralize fears of dying and death. Mindful people showed less defensiveness toward others who didn't share their worldview, and were more diplomatic and tolerant when confronted with death-related thoughts.
A Yale University study found that older adults are unwilling to take medications for heart disease prevention if they have potential side effects, such as fatigue or nausea. In contrast, most participants would take the medication if it had no adverse effects and offered an average risk reduction.
A study published in CMAJ found that heart attack patients with a history of depression received lower priority care in emergency departments, leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment. This disparity may be due to healthcare staff assuming symptoms are anxiety-related rather than an actual heart attack.
Ohio State University researchers have discovered a way to manipulate the immune response to vaccination, enabling effective immunization even when maternal antibodies are present. By using a specific type of antibody, known as IgM, they can activate B cells and stimulate an immune response, potentially improving childhood vaccination ...
A new peptide has demonstrated efficacy against triple negative breast cancer, extending average survival time by 80% compared to chemotherapy. The leptin receptor antagonist peptide targets a protein that promotes cancer development in obese individuals.
Wonyoung Kim's new device can reduce power usage of modern processing chips by shutting off unused parts, enabling longer battery life and lower energy bills. The on-chip voltage regulator also enables faster performance by quickly adjusting power supply.
A University of Maryland School of Medicine study identified two genes associated with binge drinking, GABA receptors and TLR4, which may lead to new therapies for excessive alcohol consumption. The study found that manipulating these receptors caused a reduction in binge drinking behavior.
A study found that daytime sleep can facilitate cardiovascular recovery after mental stress, with participants who slept for at least 45 minutes experiencing lower average blood pressure. The researchers also noted a restorative effect of daytime sleep on sleepiness, with those who slept reporting lower scores.
Researchers found that tomatoes contain powerful antioxidants like lycopene, which has greater bioavailability after cooking and processing. Tomatoes also have anti-inflammatory functions and a lower risk of certain cancers, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis and cognitive dysfunction.
Researchers at University of Michigan have created a new coating that traps and transports molecules through nanopores, enabling the study of single biomolecules with unprecedented precision. This breakthrough technology has significant implications for understanding neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
A study published in Blood reveals a close relationship between pulmonary arterial hypertension and myeloid abnormalities in the bone marrow. The researchers found that blood progenitor cells are increased in patients with PAH, suggesting an abnormal feedback loop connecting blood and lung cell behavior.
Scientists have successfully fused human stem cells derived from fat tissue with muscle cells from rat hearts, forming new muscle cells that beat. This achievement demonstrates the potential for regenerative medicine to heal damaged hearts without transplantation.
Researchers have reformedulated tenofovir gel to make it safe and effective for rectal use, with laboratory tests showing reduced harm to the lining of the rectum and comparable HIV protection. The reformulated gel is now being tested in clinical trials to address concerns about comfort and side effects.
New research from the University of Bristol's Centre for Communications Research investigates how smartphone grips impact wireless signal strength. Holding a device can lead to a 100-fold reduction in sensitivity and signal fluctuations, impairing service quality.
Researchers developed an intervention to help pregnant women control their weight, with normal-weight women more likely to stay at a healthy weight. The program increased the chance of returning to pre-pregnancy weight six months after delivery, but had limited success for obese or overweight women during pregnancy.
The University of Illinois team produces animated educational videos on topics like insect control and water treatment to reach a larger audience at a fraction of the cost. The initiative uses cell phones as a platform to distribute the content, targeting viewers in both developing and developed countries.
Researchers discovered that DMXAA enhances flu vaccine efficacy by causing the body to produce its own antiviral proteins. The drug may also treat newly emerging flu strains and possibly other viruses, offering a potential lifesaving therapy for millions.
New research reveals ancient 'megadroughts' in the Southwest US, which may be followed by a cooler period. The study used sediment cores to analyze past climate conditions and found similarities with present-day warming trends.
The Ohio Supercomputer Center (OSC) has signed a collaboration agreement with Procter & Gamble (P&G) to work on modeling and simulation projects. This partnership aims to accelerate innovation collaboration between industry and academia, driving economic competitiveness and fostering industry-academic partnerships.
A team of researchers from the University of Montreal has made a breakthrough in understanding the genetics of Meier-Gorlin Syndrome, a rare disorder characterized by short stature and abnormal development. The study identified three genes - ORC1L, ORC4L, and CDT1 - that play a critical role in DNA replication and cell growth.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed a biomimetic patch to improve the success rate of rotator cuff repairs. The patch, which mimics the natural tissue, is designed to guide the healing process along the path it follows during development.
The Lancet Infectious Diseases article explores possible explanations for NDM-1 cases in Balkan countries. Authors suggest two hypotheses: independent emergence or import from the Indian subcontinent via medical tourism.
A study found that brief exposure to noise playback caused three-spined sticklebacks to make more foraging mistakes and be less efficient in consuming food. The researchers suggest that noise pollution could have a wider range of detrimental effects on fish behavior than previously thought.
Researchers at The Forsyth Institute have identified a new pathogen, Scardovia wiggsiae, connected to severe early childhood caries. This bacterium was present in the mouths of children with severe ECC when other known pathogens like Streptococcus mutans were not detected.
A new study projects that climate change will shrink the range of lodgepole pine in western North America by 2080, with the species expected to survive in only 17% of its current range. Warmer temperatures and increased drought are already affecting the species' growth, making it more vulnerable to insect attacks like bark beetles.
The Leopold Leadership Program selects mid-career researchers to engage policymakers, journalists, and business leaders with their research. Fellows receive training and networking opportunities to translate their knowledge into action.
A study found that patients with low health literacy are more likely to incorrectly administer prescription medications, leading to worse health outcomes. The researchers concluded that standardized instructions and task-centered strategies could help improve adherence.
Benjamin Clough, a doctoral student at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, has developed a novel method for eavesdropping on terahertz information hidden in invisible plasma acoustic bursts. His technique uses sound waves to boost the distance from which researchers can use powerful terahertz technology to remotely detect hidden explosiv...
A study published in Psychological Science found that people with full bladders make better decisions by holding out for larger rewards. This contradicts the concept of ego depletion, suggesting bladder control is an automatic process.
A University of Missouri project empowers women living with HIV to make changes by taking pictures and documenting their lives. The photos help identify social, mental, and physical challenges and possible solutions, enabling the women to resolve issues such as difficult housing situations.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine found that patients with invasive T3 and T4 non-small lung cancer who received chemotherapy before surgery had a significantly improved survival rate. The study, published in the Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, showed that median survival was greatest for those who rec...
A team of researchers has discovered that arrestin molecules bind to two rhodopsin molecules in bright light, but one in low light, challenging the long-held assumption of a single binding interaction. This finding has implications for understanding other senses and physiological functions controlled by G-protein coupled receptors.
A recent study found that 65% of hospital patients reported experiencing pain within the last 24 hours, with 42% rating their pain as more than seven out of ten. The survey also revealed that only 39% of patients were asked to rate their pain using a numeric scale, highlighting the need for improved pain assessment in hospitals.
A study found that older adults are willing to take cardiovascular disease prevention medications if the benefits outweigh the risks. However, many participants were unwilling or uncertain about taking medications with mild adverse effects, highlighting the need for emphasis on both benefits and harms in clinical guidelines.
A new analysis found that fish oil supplementation can help combat cancer-related malnutrition, allowing patients to maintain their weight and muscle mass during chemotherapy. The study suggests that fish oil's omega-3 fatty acids may interfere with pathways altered in advanced cancer.
Researchers at Iowa State University have discovered a protein pathway that may hold the key to understanding and treating Parkinson's disease. By modifying the production of a specific protein, they believe it is possible to inhibit the destructive effects on dopamine-producing cells.
The Understanding Society publication offers a comprehensive snapshot of UK households, exploring regional, national and international change. Key findings include sibling bullying, employment status and well-being, environmental behavior, relationships between partners, and income.
Researchers revived resting spores of diatoms that had lain dormant for over 100 years, showing they are genetically stable and can survive extreme conditions. The study found no significant genetic impact from external sources over the past century, highlighting the adaptability of these phytoplankton.
The Aetna Foundation has funded a two-year study at Boston University School of Medicine to examine the root causes of obesity among African-American women. The study aims to identify small changes individuals can make and policy-level changes that can impact weight gain and obesity.
A new patented therapy has been developed by WSU researcher Dr. Karli Rosner, which uses genetic constructs to target cancer cells and induce apoptosis, eliminating the need for external medications. The treatment shows promise in treating various types of cancers, including melanoma, prostate, lung, and breast cancers.
Researchers at IDIBELL have identified a small molecule called enoxacin that inhibits tumor growth by activating the 'dark genome' and microRNA molecules, offering new potential for cancer treatment. The study's findings open up new directions for anti-tumor therapy targeting microRNA as a therapeutic target.
A new study from the University of Gothenburg challenges popular psychology theories on self-esteem, finding that it is closely linked to people's perceived competence in areas they consider important. The researchers discovered that self-perception of the body is also a key factor in overall self-esteem.
Researchers found that perennial bioenergy crops can significantly impact regional climate, with local cooling effects and altered water balance. The study suggests a broader perspective on the impacts of bioenergy conversion, beyond just carbon emissions.
A recent study found that lifestyle intervention, including nutrition and physical activity components, is necessary to maintain or lose weight. Clinicians can effectively prevent further weight gain by providing guidance on healthy habits, leading to improved health status in overweight patients.
A recent study published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine found that a specific gene variant can predict the severity of disability after a stroke. The Tp53 gene variant influences cell death and is linked to more severe disability in patients who exclusively express the R variant.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have cultured human cells from Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma, a deadly pediatric brain tumor. The breakthrough allows for the development of new treatments and potential therapies targeting the Hedgehog signaling pathway.
A study found that patrons of black-owned barbershops who received regular blood pressure measurements and encouragement from barbers were nearly nine times more likely to see a physician than those who only received hypertension literature. The intervention led to a significant increase in men controlling their hypertension, with rate...
A study of 700 young people from six religious traditions explores how they balance their faith and sexual values. The research reveals a range of perspectives on sexuality, including support for monogamous relationships and varying views on expression.
The GuLF STUDY is the largest health study of its kind ever conducted among cleanup workers and volunteers, aiming to understand the health effects of oil spills and exposure to crude oil. The study will enroll 55,000 people and collect data on their physical and mental health, lifestyle, and job history over a period of up to 10 years.
Cornell scientists studied brewery bioreactor sludge, identifying unique microbial communities and their resilient populations. They hope to use this knowledge to shape these communities for producing carboxylates, a precursor to fuels.
A University of Michigan-led team has developed a potential game changer for pathologists using Spatially-Invariant Vector Quantization (SIVQ) to analyze digital images made from tissue slides. SIVQ can pinpoint cancer cells, calcifications and other critical features with high accuracy and speed.
A study found that tenofovir gel provided significant protection against HIV in rectal tissue, with a strong effect seen after one week of use. The results suggest that rectal microbicides could be an effective method for preventing HIV transmission, particularly in high-risk populations.
A new study reveals that free radicals act as signal substances that increase the heart's contractions with the correct force. Persistent stress can lead to chronic levels of free radicals, potentially contributing to heart failure.
Research reveals that gut bacteria can exert control over metabolic functions of organs, including the liver, through changes in the microbiota. The study found that colonization with specific bacteria triggered changes in liver metabolic profiles, including glycogen and triglyceride production.
In people born blind, parts of the visual cortex are recruited for language processing, overturning the idea that language processing occurs in highly specialized brain regions. The study suggests that brain function is more dynamic and adaptable than previously thought.
The development team at Infinera Corp. has achieved a record one terabit per second speed on a single integrated indium phosphide chip, enabling more powerful, flexible, and reliable optical networks. The new technology uses equipment that is significantly smaller, less expensive, and uses much less energy than traditional transponder-...
UC researchers showcase Effective Practices in Community Supervision, targeting criminogenic risk factors, and examine the impact of police technology on officer safety and efficiency. They also investigate police interventions to prevent crime, analyzing calls for service and identifying geographic areas most in need of assistance.
The new method developed by NC State researchers allows for the controlled assembly of nanowires on rubber substrates, facilitating research into device applications such as nanoelectronics and nanosensors. By stretching the rubber substrate, the alignment and density of the nanowires can be precisely controlled.
A recent study found that approximately 50% of men in the general population are infected with human papillomavirus (HPV), a virus known for causing cervical cancer in women. The study also revealed high incidence and transmission rates, particularly among men with multiple partners.
A research study by Universidad Carlos III de Madrid finds that traditionally irrigated Mediterranean landscape has suffered loss of cultural and ecological patrimony due to modernization. The study highlights the need for multifunctionality in hydraulic policy and conservation efforts to preserve these valuable landscapes.
The Office of Naval Research has selected 10 finalists for its Chief of Naval Research Challenge, offering each a $100,000 research grant. The recipients will apply the funds to their research areas, addressing various naval forces challenges.
A UT Southwestern study found that children placed with relatives have better outcomes in some areas, but may be at higher risk of substance use and teenage pregnancy. Kinship caregivers receive fewer support services than foster parents.
Research at the University of Gothenburg reveals that most lottery winners maintain their normal lives with prudent consumption. Winners value work and leisure equally, and only a minority use their prize money to devote less time to work. Despite cautious spending, they experience increased happiness, security, and freedom.
A new study reveals that Alu elements inserted into existing genes can alter protein production rates, contributing to evolutionary differences between humans and other primates. The research uses high-throughput RNA sequencing data to quantify the frequency and location of Alu-derived exons in human genes.
A study found that binge eaters experience a spike in dopamine levels when exposed to their favorite foods, triggering a desire for more. This neurological response is distinct from other obese individuals who do not exhibit this reaction.
A new Northwestern Medicine study shows that standardized medicine prescriptions into doses at four clearly identified periods of day, can improve health outcomes for older patients. The study found that low health literacy was the greatest predictor of patients taking their medications more times per day.
A study published in Ecology Letters found that seemingly mindless survival strategies can be more effective than adapting to changes. This 'multiplier effect' states that individuals will thrive in their optimal environment if they follow what their parents did, leading to the success of their genes.
A study led by University of Miami scientists successfully tracked a great hammerhead shark for 62 days, revealing its northeast journey from South Florida to the Atlantic Ocean. The shark's movement provides new insight into its migratory patterns and habitat use, shedding light on conservation efforts.
A 18-year longitudinal study found that students' social optimism during university studies correlates with high work engagement, dedication, and career commitment. Social withdrawal and avoidance are linked to increased risk of burnout.
The eSiMon Dashboard allows researchers to monitor and analyze simulations in real-time, providing a user-friendly interface for collaboration and data visualization. Key features include web-based access, variable annotation, and publication-quality image and video generation.
Sanfilippo disease is a rare metabolic disorder caused by the accumulation of complex carbohydrates in cells, leading to severe physical and neurological problems. Researchers at UC San Diego have identified a novel secondary metabolite, dermatan sulfate, as a potential biomarker for the disease.
A Northwestern University researcher developed a novel ranking system that evaluates male tennis players through network analysis. According to the study, Jimmy Connors ranks on top due to his long career and matches against other strong opponents. The rankings will be reassessed in 10 years to reflect changes in competition.
Professor Elizabeth Canuel of VIMS has been awarded a prestigious Aldo Leopold Leadership Fellowship to enhance her skills in effective science communication. She will participate in two intensive training sessions on Capitol Hill to promote the application of scientific knowledge to address environmental issues.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have found a compound that induces intestinal birth defects in frog embryos and also inhibits the growth of cancerous tumors. The compound, dubbed 'heterotaxin,' disrupts asymmetry in organ development and prevents normal blood-vessel formation, cell migration, and adhesion.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University develop a 2-in-1 vaccine that repairs vascular damage in the brain, protecting against both Alzheimer's and stroke. The vaccine activates macrophages to clear away damaging amyloid proteins, preventing further damage and promoting repair.
A global project led by Cornell University aims to identify new stem rust resistant genes in wheat, improve surveillance, and distribute rust-resistant wheat seed to farmers. The $40 million grant will support efforts to combat deadly strains of Ug99, a pathogen posing a significant threat to global food security.
Scientists have successfully characterised the absorption spectrum of a gold cluster, shedding light on its electronic properties. The research provides valuable insights for future applications in catalysis, sensing, and molecular electronics.
The UK's largest household longitudinal study has published its early findings, providing a glimpse into the lives of 40,000 households. The study's breadth of topics and large sample size offer opportunities for diverse research on social networks, health, well-being, and more.
Researchers find that oral steroids improve symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis with polyposis, while surrogate treatment decisions have a significant negative emotional impact on healthcare providers. The Hepatitis B vaccine has reduced infections in children, but targeted efforts are needed for adults. The USPSTF is updating its scree...
Indonesia aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but contradictions in laws, regulations, and customary norms hinder progress. The country's forest management policies create hotspots of confusion over what constitutes 'peat' and 'natural forest', leading to ongoing conflicts between industry, government, and local communities.
Researchers found a significant association between sugar-sweetened drink consumption and increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels. Higher glucose and fructose intake also contributed to higher blood pressure levels, particularly when combined with sodium.
Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has signed agreements for eight suborbital flights with payload specialists on board reusable launchers, enabling new research opportunities and advancing space exploration. The program aims to provide affordable access to space for scientists, conducting experiments in microgravity environments.