Articles tagged with Research Organizations
A new study reveals a significant increase in plastic waste reaching remote South Atlantic islands, with over 90% of beach debris being plastic. The researchers found high concentrations of plastic on beaches and up to 300 items per meter of shoreline, approaching levels seen in industrialized North Atlantic coasts.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have discovered a way to select the outcome of chemical reactions by manipulating the 'impact parameter', a key factor in reaction dynamics. By directing reagent molecules towards targeted molecules with controlled accuracy, chemists can now control the products of chemical reactions.
A new AI algorithm can accurately predict cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease, enabling early intervention and prevention strategies. The algorithm learns from MRI, genetics, and clinical data to identify individuals at risk, potentially delaying or preventing the onset of Alzheimer's.
The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation has awarded over $13.8 million in Young Investigator Grants to 200 promising young scientists studying various psychiatric disorders, including addiction and depression. The grants support innovative ideas for groundbreaking neurobiological research.
Dr. Hyungbae Kwon of Max Planck Florida Institute has received a $6.8 million Pioneer Award to study neuromodulators using light, aiming to understand internal brain state and its effects on sensation, perception, and cognition. The grant will help develop novel optogenetic approaches to dissect animal sensations and behaviors at highe...
Researchers found that male mosquitoes amplify female wingbeats using a phantom tone, creating an auditory illusion that helps them locate mates. The study's findings could lead to the development of acoustic lures for controlling disease-carrying mosquito populations.
Researchers have identified cocoa as a new source of vitamin D2, found in higher amounts in dark chocolate. Vitamin D2 is crucial for the human body and can be obtained through food sources, reducing the risk of deficiencies.
Researchers affiliated with São Paulo State University have identified four extremely young asteroid families using a numerical simulation method. The newly discovered families are estimated to be less than 7 million years old and were dated using the backward integration method, which is precise for young families.
A recent study published in BMJ reveals that European Union clinical trial registrations are incomplete, with universities struggling to meet regulatory requirements. Pharmaceutical companies, however, show relatively good compliance with EU regulations.
Researchers at RMIT University and UNSW have developed a rapid nano-filter that can clean dirty water up to 100 times faster than current technology. The filter harnesses naturally occurring nano-structures on liquid metals, making it sustainable, environmentally-friendly, scalable, and low-cost.
Researchers from Aarhus University have developed a simpler and safer way to introduce sulfur-containing fragments into chemical compounds. The new method uses a gold-based catalyst to promote the hydrothiolation of olefins, providing high yields and avoiding the need for handling flammable gas.
A new study reveals that protein galectin-1 has anti-inflammatory properties capable of minimizing damage to kidney cells by hypoxia and reperfusion, common processes in transplants. Galectin-1 may provide an alternative to corticosteroids for ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Researchers found that for 85% of genes, noise magnitude is higher in the last step compared to the first. This discovery challenges the long-held assumption of a streamlined process and may impact disease treatment strategies.
Research from the University of Exeter found that procrastinating managers can lead to a contemptuous attitude amongst their staff, resulting in anger, frustration, and abuse. Employees who have good relationships with their leaders are less likely to be frustrated by their behavior.
A four-year grant funds a collaborative study with 11 centers worldwide to assess the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation and aerobic exercise on cognitive function in people with progressive MS. Researchers aim to demonstrate improved brain activity in regions responsible for memory, learning, and executive functioning after treatment.
Tau Flow's computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology creates virtual prototypes of processes or environments, reducing time and money spent on trial and error methods. The company has successfully implemented its solution in various industries, including Formula 1, cosmetics, and mining.
A new study found that young pheasants who strongly favored using their left or right leg to step over a barrier died at a significantly lower rate than those with weaker preferences. The research suggests that favouring one side of the body may bring advantages, but also explains why low levels of 'footedness' exist among pheasants.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet identified four types of neurons in the peripheral auditory system, three of which are new to science. The study shows that these neurons play a crucial role in decoding sonic intensity and may lead to new therapies for hearing disorders.
New UK reports summarize scientific evidence on Natural Capital, providing insights into valuing the nation's natural assets. The reports cover floodplains, soil, afforested peatlands, private sector assessments, and temporary rivers.
Researchers surveyed 1400 Kenyans affected by drought, finding that those who relocated are more likely to experience violence. However, migrants themselves do not express increased support for violence, suggesting a complex relationship between migration and conflict.
A high-throughput screening study has identified six potent small-molecule inhibitors of α-synuclein aggregation, which could potentially halt Parkinson's disease development. The compounds target the monomeric state of αSN and share a common core structure.
Researchers at the University of São Paulo's Physics Institute have successfully entangled six light waves using an optical parametric oscillator. This achievement could lead to faster processing speeds and improve the feasibility of quantum computing by enabling the creation of systems with multiple entangled components.
A study by international female scientists found that women represent 30% of the CGE community but only 15-18% in prestigious roles. The researchers identified common barriers including gender stereotyping, the 'maternal wall', microaggressions, and harassment, which can hold women back in their careers.
The SES (Synthetic Expression System) toolbox enables efficient expression of genes in yeasts and fungi with better control. It provides solutions for bio- and circular economy challenges by developing novel microbial production processes for waste material valorization.
A new study published in Scientific Reports suggests that severe trauma from war, torture, and natural disasters may not necessarily lead to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in refugees. However, those who struggle to control their memories are more likely to exhibit symptoms of PTSD.
Finnish research reveals that bodily sensations play a crucial role in shaping conscious feelings, with emotions influencing both physical and mental states. The study identifies five major categories of subjective feelings, including positive emotions, negative emotions, cognitive functions, somatic states, and illnesses.
Researchers at Charité are investigating how certain genomic mutations contribute to childhood cancers, using advanced DNA sequencing technologies. They aim to develop personalized cancer therapies for pediatric patients.
Lipsitz has received the prestigious award for his professional leadership in teaching, service, and interpretation of gerontology to the larger society. He is recognized for his contributions to the study of aging and dissemination of information among scientists, decision makers, and the general public.
Researchers developed a new device combining low-intensity laser light and therapeutic ultrasound, reducing fibromyalgia pain by 73.37%. The treatment showed better analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects when applied to the palms instead of tender points.
Researchers from Politecnico di Torino and NUST MISIS create a new metamaterial that cloaks nano-sensors, improving their accuracy in optics and biomedicine. The development is part of the Italian-Russian project ANASTASIA, funded by Compagnia di San Paolo.
Researchers discovered that beluga whales and narwhals undergo menopause, mirroring killer whales' behavior. This reproductive strategy may have evolved due to increased relatedness among family members and the need for older females to contribute to group survival through knowledge sharing.
A study of over 40,000 patients found that myocardial injury, major bleeding, and sepsis contributed to nearly three-quarters of all deaths after noncardiac surgery. Most deaths were linked to cardiovascular causes, with cardiologists playing a crucial role in preventing further complications.
Scientists at University of Copenhagen find thawing permafrost releases high diversity of VOCs, harming human health and forests, but also producing clouds that may cool climate.
Scientists found that the brain re-evaluates speech sound interpretations at the moment subsequent sounds are heard, using surrounding context to narrow possibilities. The brain makes commitments to its best guess after about half a second, demonstrating how context can alter perception even if disambiguating information arrives later.
Researchers developed a novel synthetic antibody that allows for controlled degradation of fluorescent proteins in living cells and tissues, enabling functional analysis. This technology can be used to study essential protein functions in complex vertebrate models.
Researchers at Imperial College London found that DTM can model near-death experiences in the brain, with participants scoring above a threshold for determining an NDE. The study suggests that DTM may be able to alter brain activity similarly to NDEs, but with different contexts.
Researchers from the University of Turku and University of Palermo studied the ecology of investors in financial markets using actual data. The study found that groups of investors form interlinked clusters and are connected to strategy usage, which affects market volatility.
Researchers found that groups that interacted only intermittently preserved the best of both worlds, having an average quality of solution nearly identical to those that interacted constantly. However, this intermittent interaction allowed high performers to learn from low performers and achieve even better solutions.
According to a new analysis by New York University researchers, US cities have become dramatically safer since 1991, with most becoming less violent over the last year. However, recent fluctuations in selected cities suggest temporary disruptions in this 17-year decline, with some cities experiencing rising violence from 2014 to 2017.
Dr Ariana Strandburg-Peshkin has established the first Gips-Schüle Junior Research Group at the University of Konstanz, researching animal social networks and collective behaviour. With €875,000 funding over five years, her team aims to characterize and understand these complex systems.
A novel laboratory-synthesized molecule based on natural compounds found in marine gliding bacteria is capable of killing even the strain that resists conventional antimalarials. In tests, it displays low toxicity and high selectivity, acting only on the parasite and not on other cells of the host organism.
The EPSRC has launched eleven projects across the UK to address equality, diversity and inclusion in engineering and the physical sciences. The £5.5 million initiative aims to inform and shape significant cultural change across institutions.
Researchers in Brazil create transgenic male mosquitoes with defective sperm to reduce Aedes aegypti population. The goal is to integrate this strategy with education, vaccines, larvicides, and insecticides to control arbovirosis diseases.
The study found a significant increase in benzodiazepine prescriptions for children, adolescents, and young adults in Sweden between 2006-2013. Nearly 30% of young adults were prescribed benzodiazepines for longer than 6 months, contradicting international guidelines.
A low-protein diet during pregnancy and lactation may increase the risk of prostate cancer in offspring, according to a study with rats. The study found that females fed a low-protein diet had offspring with preneoplastic alterations capable of interfering with glandular function.
Researchers identified six factors associated with inclusion in healthcare organizations, highlighting the importance of creating a sense of belonging and recognition among employees. The study's findings have implications for reducing care disparities and improving cultural competencies.
Researchers found that modern pygmy genomes showed no evidence of gene flow from the extinct 'hobbit' species, contradicting previous expectations. However, they did find genetic variants associated with short stature and dietary adaptations in genes involved in fatty acid metabolism.
Alessio Figalli, an ERC grantee, wins the 2018 Fields Medal for his work on Partial Differential Equations and Calculus of Variations. His research on optimal transport theory has deep connections with fundamental problems in the field.
The IADR Unilever Hatton Competition and Awards provide an opportunity for junior investigators to present their research, with up to six receiving monetary awards. This year's winners showcased innovative projects in head and neck cancer stem cells, oral cancer microenvironment, and dental treatment needs.
Researchers discovered that blue diamonds form at least as deep as the transition zone between the upper and lower mantle. The boron element was incorporated into water-rich minerals like serpentine during geochemical reactions between seawater and oceanic plate rocks, traveling far deeper into the mantle than previously thought.
A single-payer health care plan in New York could expand coverage for all residents without increasing overall spending, according to a RAND Corporation analysis. The plan would require substantial new tax revenue and shift financing among households and businesses, with the highest-income households paying substantially more.
Dr. Frank Schröder will search for high-energy photons accompanying cosmic rays using a novel radio measurement technique. He aims to find the highest-energy photons ever measured at an Antarctic location.
The ERC grant will help Dr. Saraceno find new highly-efficient sources of light waves in the terahertz range, with potential applications in chemistry, physics and biology. The researchers aim to gain further insights into interactions between water molecules and substances dissolved in it.
Researchers discovered that cave-dwelling corals can cooperate to capture and eat jellyfish swept against ocean currents. The coral species Astroides calycularis benefits from this coordinated effort by gaining access to a large meal.
A Lancaster University team has created a Minecraft platform that adapts classic novels like Treasure Island into interactive games. The project uses scale models of literary islands and linked educational resources to engage children and adults in 'classics' they might not otherwise read.
Researchers from the Universities of Konstanz and Paderborn have successfully demonstrated Wannier-Stark localization in a high-purity gallium arsenide crystal. This state results in drastic changes to the electronic structure of the crystal, leading to extreme optical nonlinearity and potential chemical reactivity.
A study published at the International Association for Dental Research found that e-cigarette users, especially those who also use combustible tobacco, are exposed to high levels of carcinogens similar to exclusive cigarette smokers. Non-cigarette tobacco product users are also at risk due to comparable exposure levels.
Benjamin Fingerhut, a junior group leader at the Max Born Institute, has been awarded the prestigious ERC Starting Grant to study ultrafast biomolecular dynamics. The project aims to elucidate fundamental processes in biological systems using innovative non-adiabatic approaches.
Cynthia Pine, a renowned researcher at Queen Mary University of London, has received the IADR E.W. Borrow Memorial Award for her groundbreaking work on preventing childhood dental caries. Her research focuses on promoting oral health in disadvantaged communities and developing interventions to improve parents' key dental health behaviors.
A study analyzed 62 countries' DMTF Index scores, finding that those under Social Democratic and Liberal regimes had lower rates of tooth decay compared to Conservative and Dictatorial regimes. The researchers suggested creating new typologies to better characterize the relationship between political systems and oral health indicators.