Articles tagged with Cost Effectiveness
A modelling study shows that rectal artesunate can avert 967 DALYs at a cost of $77 per DALY averted, making it a critical stop-gap for treating severe childhood malaria in areas with poor access to healthcare. The intervention has the potential to improve management of sick children at the household and community level.
A combined approach of taxing unhealthy foods, restricting food advertising, and improving labeling is cost-effective in reducing obesity in all nations. Implementing such measures would add nearly 7 million life years to the population's health expectancy.
A recent study found that targeted human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in men who have sex with men is a cost-effective intervention against anal cancer. The quadrivalent vaccine has demonstrated high efficacy against anal lesions and genital warts in young MSM. Vaccination at ages 12-26 years without previous exposure to HPV-target...
A team of researchers at North Carolina State University is developing a low-cost, wireless sensor system to monitor water quality in real-time. The system will enable scientists to track environmental health and answer ecological research questions, such as the impact of oyster activity on environmental conditions.
A newly approved drug, dabigatran, has been found to be a cost-effective alternative to warfarin for preventing strokes in patients with atrial fibrillation. The analysis suggests that high-dose dabigatran yields an additional 0.56 quality-adjusted-life-year compared to conventional therapy with warfarin.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology found that using web-based questionnaires can significantly reduce costs compared to traditional paper surveys. The study, which analyzed data from the Black Women's Health Study, showed that the cost of developing and processing a returned web questionnaire was approxima...
A team of scientists has demonstrated the feasibility of Raman amplification, compressing long laser pulses to 1000 times shorter with intensities 300 times greater. This method could replace current expensive systems with smaller and more cost-effective ones, making technologies like x-ray development more accessible.
A recent study found nearly 50% of pharmacies in Zambia do not carry antiepileptic drugs, hindering efforts to treat the condition. The lack of affordable treatment options is attributed to cost, regulatory issues, and logistics challenges.
Researchers estimate the true cost of smoking to be significantly higher than the retail price, with males facing a premium of €32 compared to the newsstand price. The study suggests that taxes and restrictions can strengthen smokers' self-control mechanisms and generate social benefits.
A new analysis by Stanford University School of Medicine found that using a popular test to identify patients who may benefit from statin therapy would be cost-effective, but only under certain scenarios. Assigning statin therapy based on risk alone was the most cost-effective strategy.
A three-year lifestyle intervention program with exercise training and diet counseling improved quality-of-life measurements in adults at moderate to high risk for heart disease. The intervention also showed a net savings of $47 per participant due to reduced healthcare use.
A new report from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health finds that trauma center care is cost-effective for patients with severe injuries and those younger than 55. The study estimates that trauma center care saves lives at a lower cost per life-year gained compared to non-trauma center care.
A study published in The Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that computed tomographic colonography (CTC) screening every five years is not cost-effective if reimbursed at the same rate as colonoscopy. However, CTC would be cost-effective if it enticed 25% more individuals to screen.
A UNC physician authored an editorial on a cost-effectiveness study comparing colonoscopy and computed tomographic colonography (CTC) for colon cancer screening. The analysis concluded that CTC is not cost-effective compared to colonoscopy if reimbursed at the same rate.
A study found that trauma patients who received intraoperative cell salvage—a process collecting and re-infusing their own blood—had fewer allogeneic blood product units transfused compared to those without this procedure. This resulted in lower costs, with a cost difference of $968 per patient.
A study published in CMAJ found that a larger waistline and high triglyceride levels significantly increase the risk of coronary heart disease. The combination of increased waist circumference and triglyceride levels was associated with the highest risk of developing the condition.
A study by researchers from the University of British Columbia and Dalhousie University found that colorectal cancer screening can reduce mortality by 39-83% and incidence by 26-81%. Regular screening, such as fecal tests or colonoscopies every ten years, is recommended for average-risk individuals.
A study by CSIRO Australia suggests that a more flexible approach to protected areas can improve biodiversity conservation. Replacing the least cost-effective sites with new ones could double the number of vegetation types protected by 15% or more, while reducing management costs.
A new study suggests that targeted surveillance colonoscopy is cost-effective and effective in reducing colorectal cancer burden. The study recommends a 3/10 strategy of colonoscopy every three years for high-risk patients, which is more effective than no surveillance but slightly more costly.
The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center has received a $100,000 Grand Challenges Explorations grant to develop a safe and cost-effective strategy for immune intervention. The project aims to boost immunity with minimal adverse effects in populations at risk due to malnutrition and poor socio-economic conditions.
A study at Thomas Jefferson University found that non-invasive coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) is a cost-effective alternative to invasive cardiac catheterization. Performing CTA before catheterization results in significant cost savings, with an average of $789 per patient.
Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) is a cost-effective alternative to invasive cardiac catheterization, reducing costs by $789 per patient and radiation exposure by minimal amounts. The study suggests that CCTA can effectively triage patients with low CAD risk, potentially eliminating the need for cardiac catheterization.
Researchers found that CT scan screening for lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is cost-effective among non-smoking women aged 25-54 with a collapsed lung. The study suggests that early diagnosis can improve quality of life and treatment outcomes for patients.
Researchers found that high-resolution CT-scans are the most cost-effective strategy to screen for lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) in non-smoking women between 25-54 with collapsed lung. Screening can identify LAM earlier, improving quality of life and allowing for early treatment and clinical trial enrollment.
A Cornell economist's study finds that programs like Coordinated Approach to Child Health offer the biggest bang for the buck, while others like walking school buses are ineffective. The researcher argues that government spending should focus on cost-effective initiatives to combat childhood obesity.
A new study by Stanford cardiologists suggests that routine electrocardiogram (ECG) testing of young American athletes can save lives while being reasonable in cost. The research challenges conventional wisdom that ECGs are too expensive to be required prior to competitive exercise.
University of Colorado at Boulder physicists Margaret Murnane and Henry Kapteyn have made breakthroughs in building a tabletop X-ray laser that can provide super-high resolution imaging. This technology has the potential to improve medical diagnoses, such as detecting small cancers, by thousands of times.
Researchers found that erlotinib is marginally cost-effective for treating patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $94,638 per life-year gained. The treatment's cost-effectiveness may be improved through targeted patient selection and biomarker-guided therapy.
Patients admitted to high-intensity end-of-life care hospitals live longer than those with low-intensity approaches, according to a University of Pittsburgh study. The researchers found a survival benefit up to 30 days post-admission, but this benefit decreased over time.
A study by the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine found that widespread screening for spinal muscular atrophy is not cost-effective due to a high cost per case prevented. The study suggests that prenatal screening may be more cost-effective in high-risk populations with a family history of the disease.
Researchers found that universal screening of pregnant women is cost-effective and improves pregnancy outcomes, reducing the number of premature births. The study also showed that routine care costs more than screening for short cervix, resulting in cost savings.
Agricultural Research Service scientists developed a DNA marker-assisted breeding method to speed up the development of scab-resistant barley cultivars. This approach increases the efficiency of selection and reduces breeding time, benefiting small-grain breeders in the Northern Plains.
Researchers found that the benefits of diagnosing MCAD-related disorders early outweigh the costs of false positives, including stress and dietary restrictions. The study concluded that newborn screening remains cost-effective even after accounting for quality-of-life losses associated with false positives.
A new Rwandan study finds that circumcising newborn males is more cost-effective than adult male circumcision for HIV prevention. The operation costs just $15 per child, compared to $59 for adults, and can save millions in treatment costs.
A new study suggests that cost-effectiveness analyses based on data from randomized clinical trials may not be realistic enough to accurately inform policy. The researchers found a significant difference in cost-effectiveness between two painkillers when using routine clinical practice data compared to trial data.
A study comparing optical diagnosis with conventional histopathology found that optical methods accurately identified up to 93% of small colorectal polyps. The method also enabled quicker follow-up colonoscopies and saved patients an estimated £6560 in clinical appointments.
A study published in PLoS Medicine suggests that reducing dropout rates from HIV treatment programs can lead to improved patient survival and cost-effectiveness. The researchers propose strategies such as eliminating co-payments for treatment and increasing services available to patients, which could form part of the commitment to star...
Researchers found that men and women who consume low amounts of alcohol have higher healthcare costs compared to non-drinkers. The study challenges the common assumption that moderate drinking is good for your health.
Researchers found that vaccinating boys would be less cost-effective than vaccinating pre-adolescent girls, with a higher cost-effectiveness ratio of $290,290 per QALY. The study suggests prioritizing HPV vaccination of girls and continued cervical cancer screening in adulthood.
The study found that uncertainty regarding clinical effectiveness is a key issue in coverage decisions. The agencies make recommendations consistent with evidence on effectiveness and cost-effectiveness but other factors often play important roles.
A Mayo Clinic survey published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that most physicians agree on their professional obligation to address health policy issues and expand access to basic healthcare. However, some physicians oppose measures such as underinsuring patients or using cost-effectiveness data in treatment decisions.
A study found that extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) significantly improves survival rates and reduces disability in adults with severe acute respiratory failure. The treatment, which uses heart-lung bypass technology, was shown to be cost-effective compared to conventional ventilation.
Researchers found that cooling therapy, also known as therapeutic hypothermia, improves survival rates and reduces disability after cardiac arrest. The treatment's cost-effectiveness was compared to other widely accepted healthcare interventions, including kidney dialysis and public access defibrillation.
Research suggests that starting antiretroviral therapy at a CD4 count of 350 is highly cost-effective. This approach may reduce morbidity, mortality, and improve long-term survival for patients in South Africa.
A new study emphasizes the importance of technological advancements in the conversion of biomass to biofuels. By analyzing the US corn stover supply chain, researchers found that conventional technologies alone cannot achieve cost-performance goals, highlighting the need for improved equipment efficiency and new supply system designs.
A study published in PLoS Medicine found that encouraging the use of pedometers and promoting physical activity through mass media campaigns are the most cost-effective interventions. These programs can reduce death and illness from heart disease, stroke, cancer, and diabetes, with an overall cost-saving for the health sector.
A study published in JNCI found HPV vaccination to be non-cost-effective in the Netherlands due to low cervical cancer cases and deaths. The authors suggest vaccine price reduction could make it more cost-effective, but only if the vaccine's effectiveness increases.
The University of Leeds is working on a new type of body armor made from cement, combining super-strong cement with recycled carbon fibre materials to create a material tough enough to withstand most types of bullets. The project aims to provide cost-effective protection for people at risk, such as security guards and reporters.
The authors emphasize the need for an effective international response to address alcohol-related harm, citing inadequate policies and industry influence as major obstacles. Cost-effective interventions exist but require scaling up; governments, NGOs, and academia must work together to develop and implement policies.
Increasing alcohol prices and reducing availability are highly cost-effective measures to reduce alcohol-related harm. Banning advertising is also an effective strategy in settings with high amounts of unrecorded production and consumption.
A recent study published in the Archives of Internal Medicine found that total knee replacement is a cost-effective procedure for managing end-stage knee osteoarthritis, particularly in high-volume centers. The analysis suggests that procedures performed in low-volume centers are more cost-effective than not undergoing surgery at all.
Researchers found that people are more likely to buy Extended Service Contracts for hedonic products like game controllers, which hold value due to the pain of potential loss. Price promotions also play a role, with low-income consumers more likely to purchase ESCs as they cannot afford replacements.
Combining strategies to improve nutrition, indoor air pollution, and immunization can reduce child mortality from pneumonia by 17%. Pneumonia is a leading cause of infant deaths in developing countries.
A literature review published in Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography concludes that ultrasound provides accurate diagnoses at a lower cost than MRI and CT scans. The study's findings highlight the widespread adoption of ultrasound in various clinical settings, including obstetrics, cardiology, and emergency medicine.
New estimates suggest latent TB infection screening should focus on high-risk populations, rather than the entire general population. Targeted screening efforts can effectively control tuberculosis, according to a study by Massachusetts General Hospital researchers.
A new study analyzed dietary factors and found that a combination of key nutrients and low-glycemic index foods can reduce age-related macular degeneration (AMD) risks. Additionally, research highlights the cost-effectiveness of glaucoma treatment in improving vision quality and quality of life.
A randomized controlled trial in Kampala showed that home delivery of prepackaged artemether-lumefantrine had little effect on clinical outcomes and led to overuse of the drug. The study suggests that standard care in health facilities is a more effective approach, especially in urban areas with low malaria transmission.
A study published in Human Reproduction found that single embryo transfer (eSET) is more effective and cheaper than double embryo transfer. eSET reduces multiple pregnancies by half and saves patients an average of €19,889 per live birth at term.
A new UCSF study using the Coronary Heart Disease Policy Model found that adherence to 2001 NCEP guidelines would be cost-effective in preventing and managing coronary heart disease, saving 20,000 heart attacks and 10,000 CHD deaths annually. Statin costs become negligible when prices fall below 50 cents per pill.
A new mathematical model predicts that pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) could substantially reduce the lifetime risk of HIV infection, but its cost-effectiveness varies depending on target population and drug costs. With modest improvements, PrEP might be as effective as other public health interventions.