Articles tagged with Cost Effectiveness
Research suggests extending flu vaccine administration to 5-16 year old children is the most cost-effective option, reducing disease burden in the general population. Universal vaccination of all low-risk individuals over 2 years could achieve the highest net benefit.
A new study suggests that providing low-income households with financial incentives to buy fruits and vegetables can encourage them to purchase and consume more healthy food. According to the study, these incentives, in the form of rebates, are unlikely to prompt consumers to increase their spending on junk food.
A new study suggests that expanding treatment programs to include preschool children and adults is more beneficial, reducing transmission and disability. The study found that a broader scope of treatment would be cost-effective, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $167.
A recent study published in the International Journal of Cardiology found that home-based treatment (HBI) for chronic heart failure patients was more cost-effective than traditional clinic-based intervention. The study showed that HBI resulted in longer patient survival, reduced hospital stay duration, and lower healthcare costs
A modeling study predicts treating hypertension in China could prevent between 600,000 and 1,000,000 cardiovascular disease events annually. The intervention is projected to be borderline cost-effective, with costs ranging from $10,000 to $18,000 per quality-adjusted life year gained.
A study examines the cost-effectiveness of new cholesterol guidelines, finding that a more lenient threshold may be cost-effective. The analysis suggests that shifting from a 7.5% ASCVD risk threshold to 3-4% thresholds could avert up to 160,000 cardiovascular events.
A new study suggests that treating 48-67% of all adults aged 40-75 in the US with cholesterol-lowering statins would be a cost-effective way to reduce cardiovascular-related events. The researchers found that more lenient treatment thresholds could avert an additional 125,000-160,000 CVD-events.
A new study from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory found that autonomous taxis could significantly reduce per-mile greenhouse gas emissions, with savings ranging from 63-82% compared to hybrid vehicles and 90% compared to gasoline-powered cars. The use of right-sizing, where the size of the taxi is tailored to each trip's occupancy...
A study in PLOS Medicine predicts that vaccinating Thai children with seasonal flu vaccine will reduce approximately 3,000 deaths annually. The policy is considered cost-effective according to WHO criteria.
A new study from Lund University reveals that car travel is six times more expensive than cycling. The study found that cars have a greater negative impact on the economy than bicycles, with costs ranging from EUR 0.15 per kilometre for driving versus EUR 0.08 per kilometre for cycling.
A US study found that spirometry was underutilized for asthma diagnosis and management in adults from 2001 to 2011, despite national guidelines recommending its use. The test provides accurate measurements of air volumes and flows, playing a vital role in asthma diagnosis and management.
Two new papers by St. Michael's Hospital researchers identified effective treatments for diabetic ulcers and pressure ulcers, as well as cost-effective interventions for complex wounds. The studies analyzed high-quality systematic reviews and cost-effectiveness analyses to provide clinicians and decision-makers with a guide towards tai...
A study by Boston Medical Center researchers finds that new Hepatitis C treatments are highly effective but only cost-effective for patients with advanced liver disease or those who have previously failed treatment. The therapy's wholesale cost of $85,000 per course is prohibitively expensive for healthier patients.
Immediate treatment of HCV-infected patients with moderate or advanced liver scarring is cost-effective, and can also be effective in those with minimal or no scarring. This finding increases the potential for quality of life improvement, particularly when lower treatment costs are assumed.
The American College of Physicians recommends against routine cardiac screening for low-risk adults, citing insufficient evidence and potential harms. Instead, physicians should focus on mitigating cardiovascular risk through treating modifiable factors like smoking and hypertension.
A recent study published in Blood found that most breakthrough blood cancer therapies have favorable cost-effectiveness ratios, with some treatments providing better value than others. The median ratio for industry-funded studies was $26,000/QALY, while non-industry-funded studies had a median ratio of $33,000/QALY.
Researchers surveyed 1,000 people about their willingness to trade time and money to avoid taking daily medication for cardiovascular disease. The study found that 21% would accept minimal risk of death and 43% wouldn't take any risks, highlighting the impact of medication on quality of life.
Health economics calculations for targeted anti-cancer therapies are often based on assumptions that can change when re-examined. Adjusting these assumptions can significantly alter the cost-effectiveness ratio, making treatments seem more or less viable.
The plan aims to reduce carbon emissions from power plants by 30% by 2030 through various actions such as improving efficiency, using natural gas, expanding renewables, and creating energy efficiency programs. However, economists argue that the current design of the plan may not achieve its intended emissions reductions due to a lack o...
A new study from Dartmouth researchers suggests that lung cancer screening using annual low-dose CT scans can be done in a cost-effective manner, particularly for adults aged 65-75. The study found that the screening test produces $81,000 in quality-adjusted life years per dollar spent.
A new analysis of NLST results concludes that CT lung screening is cost-effective in aging smokers, but its implementation will depend on various factors. The ratio of costs per quality-adjusted life-year added was $81,000, below the $100,000 threshold.
Researchers estimate that vaccinating babies against meningitis B disease could reduce cases by 26% in the first five years. The maximum reduction would be achieved by combining infant vaccination with an adolescent vaccination at 13-years-old.
Researchers found that displaying a user's interaction history on a website can offer a sense of conversation, making it more engaging than traditional websites. This approach also fosters positive attitudes towards the site, improving user trust and awareness of their actions.
Experts at LSTM used a novel modelling approach to project the effects of new diagnostic methods and algorithms for TB in Tanzania. The integrated model compared the costs and effectiveness of different diagnostic options, identifying Xpert MTB/RIF as a cost-effective option with the potential to reduce the national burden of TB.
A new study found that imaging can be a cost-effective way to identify people at risk for stroke and help sort patients into invasive or less invasive options. The study used transcranial Doppler sonography to assess cerebrovascular reserve in asymptomatic individuals with carotid artery stenosis.
A new point-of-care CD4 test can quickly provide HIV diagnosis results, allowing more patients to receive treatment sooner. In resource-limited settings, this can lead to almost a full year of additional life expectancy, making it a cost-effective solution.
The US CoreValve High Risk Trial found that transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) provided lower 12-month mortality compared to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in high-risk patients. TAVR also showed significant improvements in quality of life, with estimated gains of 0.24 life years and 0.20 quality-adjusted life years.
Percutaneous stereotaxic rhizotomy (PSR) provides good pain relief at a much lower cost than other surgical treatments, but is underutilized due to limited data and complications. The study found PSR to be eight times more cost-effective than microvascular decompression and 13 times more cost-effective than stereotactic radiosurgery.
A website providing information on the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine is the most cost-effective way to increase its uptake, with a potential saving of £9.20 per vaccination for the NHS. This method is also more convenient for parents seeking additional information about the vaccine.
A research team has developed a cost-effective technology to synthesize heteroatom (S or N)-doped graphenes, which can be applied as high performance electrodes for secondary batteries and fuel cells. These materials enhance battery performance and drive down the cost of producing fuel cells.
A cost-effectiveness analysis of commercial diet programs and pills found that Weight Watchers and the drug Qsymia provided the best value for money, with a lower annual cost than other options. The study suggests that employers and third-party payers should consider coverage for these interventions to maximize health gains.
A cost-effective system uses off-the-shelf equipment to produce 3D models of medium-to-large insects, enhancing biodiversity discovery and species identification. The compact models have excellent optical resolution and can be shared via documents and web pages.
A study evaluated the role of evidence in selecting medical services for 'Top 5' lists, revealing that cost was a primary factor in justifying inclusion. The study found that specialty societies often relied on higher costs to justify services with similar benefits but more expensive options.
Researchers found an osteoporosis screening campaign using FRAX as a pre-screening tool to be cost-effective if there is optimum follow-up and adherence to medication. The study used microsimulation modeling to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of the strategy versus no intervention.
A novel study suggests that monitoring inactive chronic hepatitis B (HBV) carriers is a cost-effective strategy for China. The M&T strategy, which includes twice-yearly assessment of HBV and ALT levels, would result in significant health benefits at the population level, including reduced liver cancer and mortality rates.
A new study suggests that over 80% of consumers may struggle to estimate their healthcare needs, leading to costly plan choices. Researchers offer prescriptions to improve outcomes, including estimating costs first, educating through 'just-in-time' tutorials, and implementing cost calculators.
The DTB suggests that England should reject new drugs if pharmaceutical companies fail to provide supporting evidence, reducing duplication of effort and postcode availability. This follows the example of Scotland and Wales, where such decisions are made by a single UK appraisal service.
Using a unique 'virtual toothpick' tool set, NASA's Vivek Dwivedi monitors the progress of atomic layer deposition (ALD) in real-time, optimizing conditions to deposit ultra-thin films. This innovation enables more cost-effective experimentation with ALD for various space applications.
A study suggests that paying living kidney donors $10,000 could increase the number of transplants by 5% or more, resulting in incremental cost savings and improved patient outcomes. This approach could also improve quality and quantity of life for patients with end-stage renal disease.
A new study by Joyce You found that newer anticoagulants are more cost-effective than warfarin when patients' therapeutic ranges drop below 60%. Warfarin is most cost-effective when patients are within the successful range for more than 70% of the time. The study's results have implications for clinicians and policymakers.
A study by American Society for Radiation Oncology found that proton therapy can prevent costly side effects in children with medulloblastoma, making it both cost-effective and cost-saving compared to photon therapy. Proton therapy reduced the risk of hearing loss, secondary malignancy, and heart failure.
The study, conducted by UC Davis and EWC researchers, found that starting mammography screening biennially at age 50 is strongly supported by the model results. This approach aims to maximize impact on reducing breast cancer deaths while working within limited program funding.
Researchers recommend accelerated radiotherapy as standard treatment for un-resected non-small cell lung cancer patients not receiving concurrent chemo-radiotherapy, citing its efficiency over current practice. However, cost-effectiveness of different modified schemes remains uncertain and requires further research.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Arlington have developed a cost-effective solution for stabilizing clay soils supporting highways. By using recycled plastic pins, they reduce the need for expensive slope stabilization and repair techniques, extending the life of roads and reducing environmental impact.
A new study published in PLOS ONE suggests that standardized vascular health checks could improve health outcomes and reduce costs in Germany, the UK, France, Denmark, Italy, and Poland. The study used the Archimedes Model to simulate a clinical trial comparing seven health check strategies to current levels of care.
A new study found that screening only high-risk patients for celiac disease is more cost-effective than universal screening, preventing bone loss and fractures in patients with undiagnosed or subclinical disease. The strategy also reduces unnecessary endoscopic evaluations of healthy individuals.
A new study suggests that universal HIV testing in India could be a cost-effective strategy to save millions of lives. The study found that testing every five years would be the most cost-effective option, with a price tag of $1,900 per year of life saved in the general population and $1,300 per YLS among high-risk groups.
Researchers found that if 90% of seriously injured patients survive with ground transport, 91.6 need to survive with helicopter transport for it to be considered cost-effective. The study aims to reduce uncertainty about the factors driving the use of critical care resources.
Researchers found targeted screening for hepatitis C to be cost-effective in populations with a higher estimated prevalence rate. The study showed that screening followed by guideline-based treatment can save $47,000 per quality-adjusted life year.
A new UK-based study published in The BMJ found that telehealth for patients with long-term conditions does not seem to be a cost-effective addition to standard support and treatment. Despite promises of reduced healthcare costs, the study revealed that total costs for those using telehealth were higher than usual care.
A study published in Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation found that managing musculoskeletal disorders can improve employment rates, household income, and reduce the need for disability benefits. The analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between physical function and economic outcomes.
A systematic review of 13 modelling studies found that pre-exposure prophylaxis with antiretroviral drugs is the most cost-effective strategy for preventing HIV infection in people at risk. The cost-effectiveness of this approach depends on factors such as drug costs, epidemic context, and individual adherence levels.
A new study suggests that current CDC guidelines for HIV screening are too restrictive, recommending less frequent testing for both high- and low-risk groups. More frequent screenings, up to every three months for high-risk individuals and every three years for low-risk groups, would be cost-effective in the long run.
A novel global trading system based on cost-effectiveness of health interventions is proposed to help fund global health. The system, which exchanges DALY credits, aims to incentivize high-income countries to scale up their health commitments and meet the Millennium Development Goals.
A new study by health economists at the University of York has produced an estimate of the impact on other NHS patients of new and more costly drugs and treatments. The research suggests a refinement of NICE's cost-effectiveness threshold, potentially leading to lower prices for new drugs when value-based pricing is introduced.
A recent study published in The Lancet found that intensive therapy is no more effective than traditional care in speeding up recovery from whiplash. While physiotherapy interventions showed modest benefits, they were not cost-effective from a UK NHS perspective.
A new systematic review found that people who received mobile phone-based smoking cessation services were more likely to stay away from cigarettes for six months. The review analyzed data from five studies involving over 9,000 participants, showing a nearly doubling of quit rates in intervention groups compared to control groups.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) suggests using evidence-based performance measures to assess the use of low-value interventions, such as routine X-ray or advanced imaging methods for uncomplicated low back pain. This approach aims to improve health care quality by changing clinician behavior through feedback and public reporting.
The FAME 2 trial demonstrated that FFR-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a cost-effective strategy compared to medical therapy for patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). This approach improves clinical outcomes and quality of life, with a projected cost-effectiveness of $53,000 per quality-adjusted life year.
A mathematical model suggests PrEP can be a cost-effective addition to existing HIV prevention strategies for MSM populations in Lima, Peru. However, significant funding would be required to generate substantial reductions in HIV incidence.