Articles tagged with War
A recent study published in Biological Psychiatry found that prazosin significantly reduced trauma nightmares, improved sleep quality, and enhanced overall clinical condition in chronic PTSD patients. The study involved 40 veterans with PTSD, who showed a 71% improvement rate compared to those receiving placebo.
A University of Missouri-Columbia researcher is assisting the US Army in fighting multi-drug resistant infections among wounded troops, often caused by improvised explosive devices (IEDs). The study aims to identify effective antibiotics and treatment durations to reduce infection rates and amputations.
A new study estimates 655,000 more Iraqi deaths due to the 2003 invasion than expected in a non-conflict situation. The mortality rate doubled from 5.5 to 13.3 per 1000 people per year post-invasion.
A nationwide survey of Iraq households found 654,965 additional deaths from March 2003 to July 2006, with violence being the primary cause. The study's results are consistent with earlier estimates and mirror trends reported by other organizations, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive system to track mortality in conflict zones.
A US military hospital in Iraq treated 85 children from January 2004 to May 2005, with 56% having traumatic injuries. The experience highlights the need for hospitals near battlefields to prepare for treating civilians, including children.
The Finnish government prioritized economic and foreign policy goals over addressing wartime emotional trauma, leading to a prolonged recovery period. The post-war era saw ongoing challenges, including reintegrating veterans and supporting affected groups, which were only partially addressed.
A Penn State study reveals that embedded reporters significantly impacted war coverage, prioritizing soldiers' personal lives and downplaying the effects of the invasion on Iraqi civilians. The analysis of 742 print news articles found that embedded reporters published stories with soldier sources in 93.2% of the analyzed stories.
A study found that U.S. Army soldiers deployed to the Iraq war experienced mild neuropsychological compromise, including poorer memory and sustained attention performance. The researchers suggest that these effects may persist into daily life and negatively impact occupational and psychosocial functioning.
A study published in The Lancet found that UK armed forces personnel who took part in the 2003 Iraq War experienced slight rises in common symptoms, but not to the same extent as those who fought in the 1991 Gulf War. Fatigue was not increased after the 2003 Iraq War.
A study of UK armed forces personnel deployed to the 2003 Iraq War found no specific health effects on regular service members. However, reserve personnel reported higher rates of physical and mental illness due to deployment-related stresses.
Research found lack of training and employment led to violent uprising, while reintegration projects struggled to find work for newly-trained ex-soldiers. Millions spent on vocational training, but many ended up working for subsistence wages in mines.
Scientists propose a new theory on genetic conflict that drives evolutionary changes in ZW species. Maternal-effect genes are found to be a key area of conflict, leading to an evolutionary arms race.
Professor Tariq Ramadan argues that education is key to resisting the ideology of fear, which he believes threatens global understanding. He advocates for an 'intellectual jihad' to promote universal values and strive for a more inclusive and equitable world.
The study found that US military veterans who served in Iraq had a higher prevalence rate of mental health problems and combat experiences compared to those who served in Afghanistan or other locations. Iraq veterans used inpatient and outpatient mental health services at higher rates, with an annualized rate of utilization of 35%.
A significant majority of displaced rural populations want to return to their villages, but few have actually done so due to conflicting ideas about 'returning'. The Turkish army and government agencies are hesitant to allow the return of rural populations, fearing they may support the Kurdistan Worker's Party (PKK).
A study found that veterans with CMI report poorer quality of life and utilize more healthcare services. The condition is also linked to metabolic syndrome, which doubles the risk of coronary heart disease, diabetes, and cirrhosis.
A nationwide household mortality survey found the national crude mortality rate to be 40% higher than sub-Saharan regional levels, resulting in 600,000 more deaths. The conflict has led to 3.9 million total deaths and 38,000 excess deaths per month.
Dr. Miller's study categorizes regional peace into three levels: cold, normal, and warm, each resulting from distinct peacemaking strategies. Regional integration is shown to promote warm peace by reducing the need for great power support, stabilizing ethnic conflicts.
A study published in JAMA Network in 2005 found that war survivors experienced high rates of mental health disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. The study highlighted the need for comprehensive care and support for military personnel returning from combat.
The Coalition's failure to collect data on Iraqi civilian deaths is a grave concern, rendering the Geneva Conventions' principle of protecting civilian lives farcical. The Lancet comments that this omission makes it impossible to verify the Coalition's claims of respecting Iraq's people and upholding international law.
Researchers use geophones to estimate elephant numbers by detecting footfalls, providing a more accurate and time-efficient method than counting dung balls or aerial censuses. The new technique has the potential to improve conservation management and reserve planning in central Africa.
Research reveals a significant increase in chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia among veterans of the first Gulf War compared to non-deployed peers. The study, conducted at 16 VA medical centers, found that deployed veterans were 40 times more likely to develop chronic fatigue.
A recent study by the Life Course Socio-Economic Status (LCSES) study found that male combat veterans are more likely to be heavy drinkers and smokers compared to non-veterans and non-combat veteran controls. The researchers also discovered that older men with distant combat exposure had higher odds of obesity and physical inactivity.
A new study found that combat veterans are more likely to be heavy smokers and drinkers, while also experiencing lower physical inactivity compared to non-veterans. The research suggests that combat exposure may exert long-term adverse effects on cardiovascular risks.
Researchers argue that factors like peer pressure, superiors' expectations, and social interactions play a significant role in shaping behavior, not just individual psychology. Fisk suggests that preventing abuse requires understanding these conditions and promoting positive contact between groups.
A study by Les Roberts and colleagues found that the risk of death was 2.5 times greater after the invasion, with violence accounting for most excess deaths. The researchers estimate that 100,000 excess civilian deaths may have occurred since the 2003 invasion.
Expert analysis highlights the challenges of post-conflict elections, citing cases where ill-timed or poorly designed elections can exacerbate existing tensions. The book examines UN's role in promoting democracy and explores the importance of timing, election mechanics, and political parties.
Schumm's study analyzed the impact of Iraq's payments to Palestinian families fighting Israelis on suicide bombings. He found a significant reduction in fatalities after the invasion, with potential prevention of up to 1,100 casualties. Improved antiterrorism intelligence within Israeli security forces may also have played a role.
The US-led humanitarian relief effort in Iraq was plagued by mismanagement, with the Department of Defense dominating the effort. The Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance and other agencies had more experience handling crises, but were overlooked. The study highlights the importance of separating military and humanitarian assistance.
A study found that in the post-9/11 era, voters tend to favor male candidates over women, perceiving them as more competent on issues like military crises and foreign policy. This shift is attributed to the war atmosphere and its impact on voter perceptions.
A nationally representative survey of 799 Afghan adult household members found high prevalence of mental health symptoms, including depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Women and disabled respondents had significantly poorer mental health status than men and nondisabled counterparts.
The ESRC Social Science Week conference explores the Sahara's past, present, and future, highlighting the impact of Western and local military intelligence services on indigenous peoples. Jeremy Keenan claims increasing evidence shows military agencies fabricate terrorist incidents, putting Tuareg lives at risk.
A study involving 509 active duty military personnel found that eyewitness memory is poor in highly intense and stressful situations, regardless of presentation method. Recognition was better during low-stress conditions, with some participants even confusing the gender of the interrogator or guard.
A study found a higher prevalence of the D variant in the ACE gene among Gulf War veterans with chronic fatigue syndrome. Veterans with specific genetic variants were more likely to develop CFS/ICF, suggesting an interaction between genetics and environmental factors related to deployment.
Photographer Jane Alden Stevens chronicles the enduring legacy of World War I through haunting black-and-white images. Her work reveals the persistence of human memory and the lasting effects of war on landscapes and people.
A recent study found that men who served in the military were 60% more likely to develop ALS than men who did not serve. The study also revealed that military service prior to the Gulf War was associated with an increased risk of ALS, suggesting a potential link between military service and the development of this debilitating disease.
A study of 300 former child soldiers found nearly all experienced traumatic events, including physical and sexual abuse. The study highlights the need for stronger intervention by the UN to prevent children from being used as soldiers in conflicts.
Researcher Ashley Leeds found that alliance commitments are fulfilled about 75 percent of the time, but this rate drops to 6 percent for countries with significant changes in international power. Non-democratic states and major powers are more likely to violate treaties due to lower costs and increased influence.
The study found that reporters embedded with military units generally preserved their objectivity, but the practice raised serious concerns. The research also highlighted issues with pro-war bias and unattributed claims in broadcast coverage.
UCSD researchers have developed a new estimator that outperforms the historic Good-Turing formula under all conditions. The new estimator, called attenuation, evaluates the highest possible ratio between the probability assigned to each symbol in a sequence by any distribution and the corresponding probability assigned by the estimator.
A survey of 1,500 Kuwaiti citizens found that support for democracy grew substantially during the four years covered in the study. Kuwaitis also became less interested in trade alliances with the West and paid little attention to Western media.
Two studies found Gulf War veterans have a significantly higher risk of ALS, particularly those deployed to Southwest Asia. The studies also revealed that young Gulf War veterans were more than twice as likely to develop ALS compared to the general population.
A lawyer warns US physicians that treating detainees labeled as 'unlawful combatants' may go against their ethical code. The 1949 Third Geneva Convention entitles these prisoners to basic human rights, but the US government's label is unrecognized in International Humanitarian Law.
The study found that injection drug users in Pakistan were more than three times as likely to report sharing needles after the war began. High-quality heroin availability led some users to shift to injection synthetic opiates, increasing the risk of HIV and blood-borne infections.
Postconflict psychiatric research reveals high prevalence of common mental disorders, particularly post-traumatic stress disorder and anxiety disorder. Exposure to violence is a potent risk factor for various disorders, with comorbidity analyses showing complex relationships between disorders.
International health experts urge the British Prime Minister to consider the humanitarian impacts of war on Iraq, citing estimates of 48,000 to 260,000 potential deaths. The letter highlights the long-term negative effects of collective violence and opposes military intervention in Iraq.
A University of Toronto researcher is studying how the Cherokee people responded to forced removal, with a focus on accommodationist writers and resistant voices. His book aims to acknowledge the history of removal and its impact on Cherokee literature.
A joint campaign between The Lancet and the Rockefeller Foundation aims to highlight critical issues in WHO's Director-General election, including a pressing need for leadership, funding reform, and prioritizing global health equity. The campaign seeks responses from candidates on key questions and calls for public scrutiny and debate.
A recent UK study published in Neurology found no association between Gulf War exposure and specific impairments of peripheral nerves, neuromuscular junction, or skeletal muscles. The study used robust neurophysiologic tests and included representative comparison groups to rule out objective dysfunction.
A study found that exercise and cognitive behavioral therapy improved fatigue, distress, mental health, and physical function in Gulf War veterans. Physical function improved more in those who received CBT, while mental health issues showed significant gains with exercise or both.
Researchers aim to develop autonomous intelligent network and systems that can perform coordinated actions without human intervention. The goal is to create a 'commander' giving broad operational orders, while agents work together to overcome complex challenges, such as distributed signal processing and wireless communication.
Researchers are developing more realistic training simulations that take into account fatigue, stress, personal values, emotion, and cultural influences to improve skill attainment. The goal is to steer trainees away from behaviors contributing to crowd aggression, such as flaunting weapons or authoritarian governance.
A study found that military personnel assigned to mortuary duty during the Gulf War experienced increased physical symptoms, with those handling bodies showing the most dramatic increases. The researchers suggest that this may be due to an increased awareness of one's own body or concern about dismissed physical symptoms.
A strong relationship exists between Zimbabwe's peasant farmers and city-dwellers, with family ties playing a vital role in securing employment and housing. This connection is particularly evident during Christmas, when many return to their rural roots laden with city-purchased goods.
Child malnutrition rates are 50% in some conflict areas, while vaccine-preventable diseases persist due to the ongoing war. Militia groups regularly direct armed raids against Dinka villages, resulting in deaths and disappearances of family members, particularly children under 5 years old.
A study published in The Lancet reveals that clearance of antipersonnel mines can result in severe injuries, with 15% of incidents being fatal. Limb injury is a common occurrence, with 30% resulting in amputation.
Research finds that economic interdependence, including capital market and monetary policy ties, inhibits conflict behaviors more effectively than trade ties. Countries can exert non-violent pressure and test resolve of economic partners, reducing the risk of war.
Walter Munk, a leading figure in physical oceanography, is being honored with the inaugural Prince Albert I Medal for his decades-long research on ocean currents, tides, and climate change. His work has significantly improved our understanding of the oceans and their impact on global warming.
War has a profound impact on the environment and human health, causing widespread destruction of infrastructures, displacement of populations, and ongoing presence of radioactivity and toxins. Medical personnel working in conflicts must recognize and document sexual violence, provide necessary care, and advocate for justice to prevent ...
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have found evidence of brain-stem damage in Gulf War veterans who experience dizziness, suggesting that the symptoms are caused by chemical and nerve agent exposure. The study also highlights a higher risk of death in motor vehicle accidents among these veterans.