A new antibody treatment has shown promise in slowing or halting Crohn's disease by blocking the production of inflammatory proteins. The treatment was safe and effective in reducing symptoms in patients with active Crohn's disease.
Researchers at NIST have developed a method to grow well-formed, single-crystal zinc oxide nanowires with precise alignments using gold nanoparticles as anchors. The technique produces horizontal semiconductor wires only 3 nanometers in diameter, overcoming the challenge of working with atomic-scale components.
Indiana University researchers found that genes can move from plant parasites to host plants, establishing parasitism as a medium for horizontal gene transfer. The discovery complements previous findings showing the opposite process, and suggests that plant parasitism has been a key mechanism of gene exchange between species.
Researchers found that oxygen in the atmosphere appeared at least 100 million years before its supposed debut with the carbon cycle perturbation. The discovery suggests a complex process involving mantle plume volcanoes and cyanobacteria, leading to an increase in oxygen levels over millions of years.
Low-income families in Roxbury, Mass. face limited access to heart-healthy foods due to high costs. Researchers developed cost-effective menus with input from community members, but found monthly food costs exceed maximum food stamp benefits. Interventions are planned to educate and engage communities to promote dietary change.
A study found that French prisons, despite aiming for religious neutrality, foster racism and discrimination against Muslim prisoners. In contrast, English prisons offer better treatment due to Christian chaplaincy and policies favoring integration of ethnic minorities.
Researchers found that testosterone therapy improves blood flow to the heart muscle in men with CAD, while behavioral factors such as exercise rates and obesity trends are closely monitored. Additionally, studies suggest 'flight socks' can reduce deep-vein leg clots during long air travel, offering a promising solution for at-risk indi...
Researchers found that pioglitazone significantly reduced carotid artery thickness in just 12-24 weeks, while improving insulin resistance. This regression was independent from metabolic control improvements and correlated with better cardiovascular outcomes for patients with type 2 diabetes.
A study of children with asthma in Denver found that winter air pollution had no significant effect on asthma exacerbations or lung function. However, upper respiratory infections more than quadrupled the odds of an asthma exacerbation and increased symptoms.
Researchers used mathematical and computer models to analyze horse movement and structure, discovering that horses with stiff legs are more prone to injury. The study found that fast horses can bring their legs forward quickly in preparation for the next stride, but this is more difficult for large and long-legged horses.
The ARIES trial shows CRESTOR 10mg reduced LDL-C by 37%, compared to 32% for atorvastatin, with higher response rates among African-American patients. CRESTOR also improved HDL-C levels and reduced non-HDL-C and total cholesterol.
Researchers found that DHEA supplementation reduced visceral fat by 10.2% in women and 7.4% in men, improving insulin action and glucose levels. DHEA therapy also decreased subcutaneous abdominal fat by an average of 6%.
The study aims to identify genetic markers that can predict the onset of type 1 diabetes. The researchers plan to analyze the human genome, messenger RNA, and proteins to find reliable predictors of the disease, which may lead to new treatments and a potential cure.
Researchers found that cardiac tamponade has decreased in incidence since widespread use of fibrinolytic drugs began. However, treatment delays are still a risk factor for the condition, and physicians should closely monitor acute heart attack patients to prevent it.
Researchers found that early cardiovascular changes, such as carotid artery narrowing and electrocardiographic abnormalities, are strong independent risk factors for future cardiovascular events. These measures were more powerful in identifying high-risk individuals among women, particularly black women, who faced a significantly highe...
A study published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology found that children who eat concentrated peanut products frequently have a lower chance of having their peanut allergy recur. The researchers recommend that these children maintain tolerance by consuming peanut products at least once a month.
The program will test 10-15 drugs or drug combinations per year to identify promising agents for childhood cancer treatment. It uses preclinical models and genetically engineered lines to predict activity and extends previous research by testing a broader spectrum of anticancer agents.
The Weizmann Institute will receive a $8 million grant from FAMRI to focus on lung cancer research related to second-hand and mainstream tobacco smoke. Researchers from the institute and Sheba Medical Center will collaborate to advance treatment protocols.
A new study reveals women with heart attacks wait significantly longer than men to receive emergency angioplasty, resulting in higher death rates. Patients who received treatment within 90 minutes of arrival had a 50% lower risk of dying in the hospital.
A five-year study of over 2,600 elders found a significant link between the metabolic syndrome and cognitive decline. Elders with both the syndrome and high levels of inflammation showed a higher risk of cognitive decline, highlighting the importance of addressing cardiovascular risk factors to prevent dementia.
The Max Planck Partner Institute in China will focus on computational biology, training young researchers, and collaborating with Chinese universities. The institute aims to integrate cutting-edge research competencies from both German and Chinese sides.
A study published in JAMA found that metabolic syndrome is associated with poor cognitive outcomes in elderly individuals. Participants with the metabolic syndrome and high inflammation showed a significant increase in cognitive impairment and four-year decline in cognitive testing scores compared to those without the metabolic syndrome.
Researchers studied social implications of winner and loser effects in green swordtail fish, nocturnal colour vision in geckos, and bird distress calls. They also examined queen and worker policing in wasps and developed a model to minimize the impact of exotic infections.
Researchers found that treating mothers with IgG during pregnancy significantly reduced the severity of recurrent NH in newborns. The study showed that all 16 pregnancies progressed uneventfully and resulted in live babies with normal physical examination findings.
Elevated Lp-PLA2 levels are associated with a significantly increased risk of ischemic stroke, even after accounting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The enzyme's potential as an independent diagnostic measure is being evaluated.
A genetic variant in PPAR-alpha has been linked to reduced heart pumping strength, with patients inheriting the polymorphism experiencing lower ejection fractions. The study's findings suggest that PPAR signaling may play a key role in the development of heart failure, and future research aims to develop therapies targeting this pathway.
The study found that amlodipine reduced the risk of cardiovascular events by 31% compared to placebo, while enalapril showed no significant reduction. A subset of patients also showed slowing of progression of coronary artery atherosclerosis with amlodipine.
Researchers find that ancient corals built skeletons mostly of calcite, contrary to the long-held belief that this mineral is fixed over time. The study also reveals that corals in ancient seawater grew more slowly than those in modern water.
Fran Balkwill, a researcher and children's author, receives the EMBO Award for Communication for her efforts to educate children about HIV/AIDS and promote science literacy. Her books, such as Cells Are Us and Staying Alive: Fighting HIV/AIDS, have been widely acclaimed and have helped raise awareness about critical health issues.
Brett Wong's research identifies histamine receptors as contributing to increased blood flow during heat stress, which can help improve survival rates among elderly and those with conditions like diabetes and heart disease.
Researchers developed a synthetic peptide, B2A2, that unlocks synergy with BMP-2, increasing its effectiveness in bone formation. The peptide is part of a series of growth factors being developed by Brookhaven/BioSET collaboration.
Researchers found that seven percent of patients implanted with VADs were successfully weaned off the devices without needing a heart transplant. The study showed that VAD support can facilitate dramatic recovery in patients with acute inflammatory cardiomyopathy or post-partum cardiomyopathy.
Researchers found that an ancient marine invasion led to a significant increase in regional diversity, with gamma diversity rising by 26% due to changes in beta diversity. The study suggests that habitat distribution or increased habitat diversity may have contributed to this increase.
A Loyola study found that drug-coated stents significantly reduced inflammatory response compared to bare-metal stents, resulting in fewer cases of renarrowing. The new stent uses a polymer to deliver medication that inhibits excessive cell growth, reducing the risk of complications.
The collaboration aims to measure the performance of transistors with a target spatial resolution better than 10 nanometers, critical for controlling and improving semiconductor integrated circuits. The new technique will facilitate more accurate measurements, helping chip manufacturers reduce costs and time to market.
A University of Minnesota study found that girls who eat three to four family meals per week are at one-third the risk for extreme weight control practices. Regular family meals also benefit boys, although the association is weaker than for girls.
Researchers found that infants can detect motion in partially occluded objects, but struggle to form coherent object representations. The study suggests that visual observation plays a key role in infants' learning and cognitive development.
Researchers found that injections of bone marrow stem cells into damaged heart muscle produced nearly full recovery after two months. The study showed no recovery in the control group, with worsened conditions leading to congestive heart failure.
A hybrid approach combining angioplasty and robotically enhanced minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB) shows promise in treating coronary artery disease. The procedure allows for a small incision and avoids opening the chest, reducing postoperative discomfort and aesthetic results.
Researchers found that women with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy had a significant reduction in arrhythmic death after ICD placement, but no overall survival benefit. ICDs prevented death from life-threatening heart rhythms in women, suggesting they may be beneficial for this population.
Researchers at Children's Hospital studied the impact of genetic variations on neurological outcomes after heart surgery. They found that children with tetralogy of Fallot were more likely to have worse neurodevelopmental scores if they had a genetic syndrome or variant gene. The study also explored the effectiveness of implantable car...
A randomized clinical trial of 433 patients with advanced heart failure found that pulmonary artery catheterization is not associated with increased death and hospitalization. The study suggests that PAC should not be used routinely to guide therapy due to its potential complications.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial found that DHEA replacement therapy significantly decreases both visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat in elderly men and women. The therapy also improves insulin action, correlating with the reduction in visceral fat.
Research found that African-Americans had higher blood pressure and heart rates, but also better artery response to treatment, leading to worse overall outcomes. The disparity in long-term mortality remains even when adjusting for patient characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors.
Researchers have identified a new protein structure in E. coli that helps understand how the bacteria attach to human kidney cells and secrete an adhesive protein. The discovery could lead to new treatments for urinary tract infections and other related diseases.
Researchers have made significant discoveries about chimpanzee tool use and termites in the Congo basin. The study reveals intricate connections between these behaviors, providing new perspectives on ape intelligence.
Researchers found a strong correlation between PCOS and initial evidence of calcium deposits signaling blood vessel disease. Women with both PCOS and metabolic cardiovascular syndrome were at an even greater risk of calcification in coronary arteries.
A new study shows that a cholesterol-lowering medication can improve symptoms of depression and cognition in people with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease. The treatment, atorvastatin, reduced bad cholesterol by more than 50% and showed significant improvement in depression symptoms.
A large clinical trial of 7,599 heart failure patients found that good adherence to medication was associated with lower mortality rates and hospitalization rates for both placebo and active drug. The researchers suggest that improving adherence could help patients avoid frequent hospitalization and improve survival.
Researchers are exploring the potential of tomato oil to reverse or delay progression of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), a precursor to prostate cancer. The study, led by Dr. Peter Gann, aims to clarify lycopene's mechanisms in the prostate and determine its chemopreventive potential.
In a breakthrough procedure, doctors have successfully transplanted a healthy ovary from a patient's body into her upper arm, preserving her fertility. The innovative technique uses brachial vessels to establish blood supply and has shown promising results in maintaining cyclical follicular growth.
Researchers used TRMM data to identify areas with greatest year-to-year change in rainfall between 1998 and 2003, finding a strong correlation with the El Nino Southern Oscillation. Global rainfall patterns are influenced by El Nino, but some regions like the Bay of Bengal remain unaffected.
Marine scientists aim to fill information gaps on coral reef ecosystems to strengthen global management and policy interventions. The assessment focuses on identifying sources of new marine pathogens, reducing inputs, and developing control measures.
Duke University researchers found that heart surgery patients receive less aggressive discharge care, with gaps in the use of life-saving medications and behavior modifications. The study, based on data from a national registry, revealed underuse of aspirin, beta-blockers, and statins among surgical patients.
A review of dozens of studies found strong evidence of a link between global warming and changes in the behavior of US species, including earlier flowering, bird breeding, and species migrations. The study highlights the need for conservation efforts to mitigate the impact of climate change on US wildlife.
A Mayo Clinic study found that patients with well-controlled epilepsy have a very low risk of injury from seizures. The study examined records of 247 patients and found that 80% of injuries were cuts or bruises that did not cause serious health consequences.
Researchers found that exercise increases VEGF production, which leads to an increase in capillaries within specific muscle fiber types. This change ultimately results in an anaerobic to aerobic shift in the affected muscle fibers.
A new magnetic-assisted intervention system has shown a high success rate in navigating tortuous coronary arteries, making it easier to treat patients with difficult lesions. The system, developed by Stereotaxis, Inc., uses two permanent magnets to generate a magnetic field and guide wires through the heart.
A diet high in walnuts decreases C-reactive protein, a marker of inflammation associated with heart disease. The study found that walnut consumption lowered total cholesterol, LDLs, and triglycerides, while also reducing inflammatory markers.
The new center will merge nanotubes with organic molecules to create sensors or nanomachines small enough to fit on a virus. Researchers will design and assemble building blocks to develop new devices and systems.