Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have developed a new treatment approach for neuroblastoma using T-lymphocytes with an artificial receptor that targets cancer cells. The treatment showed promise in early clinical trials, with one patient achieving complete remission and others experiencing stable disease for over a year.
Researchers develop a novel designer molecule that targets malignant melanoma cells using two different routes: triggering the immune system to attack and switching off a specific gene, driving cancer cells to suicide. Initial experiments in mouse models show significant inhibition of metastasis growth and tumor shrinkage.
A study has found a specific neurochemical abnormality in the brains of adults with primary insomnia, suggesting hyperarousal is present during both waking and sleep. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels are reduced by nearly 30% in individuals with primary insomnia for more than six months.
A landmark UCLA study reveals that tailored treatment approaches can significantly improve kidney cancer patient survival rates, with some patients experiencing excellent outcomes of up to 97%. The study identified subsets of patients who require different levels of treatment, including surgery and targeted therapies.
A new study shows that magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) can identify liver fibrosis with high accuracy, helping to avoid invasive biopsies. MRE produces color-coded images indicating internal organ stiffness, allowing doctors to diagnose liver disease earlier.
The introduction of the pentavalent vaccine in Pakistan aims to protect its children against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and four other common childhood diseases. The vaccine is expected to save thousands of lives, particularly among the nation's poorest families.
A study of 1,402 fourth-grade students found high diabetes risk factors and obesity rates among children from poor families. Whole-grain intake was linked to lower heart failure risk, while high-fat dairy and egg consumption increased the risk.
A new study by Lehigh University reveals the world's most innovative countries, with Japan and Norway taking the top spots for fast product takeoff. The study analyzed 31 countries over 50 years, finding that culture, wealth, and product class influence innovation.
Research published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found that dietary glycine significantly decreased liver injury due to bile duct ligation in rats. Hepatic injury was reduced by a direct effect on hepatocytes, whereas Kupffer cells did not play a major role in cholestatic models.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have discovered a new molecular mechanism that coordinates cell identity and behavior in forming organs of embryos. The mechanism involves the interaction between two proteins, Wnt11 and Sfrp5, which regulate cell growth and development.
Researchers successfully performed EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy in four patients with failed ERCP, achieving rapid improvement of obstructive jaundice. In some cases, a plastic stent or naso-biliary drainage tube was used to manage complications.
Scientists explore relationship between sea surface temperature and seasonal hurricane activity, finding differing interpretations of observational record can imply vastly different futures. The 'relative' SST hypothesis suggests a similar recent past trend with natural climate variability, while the local SST hypothesis predicts highe...
Researchers found that midges prefer ponds with high polarization levels, which may be related to nutrient content. This discovery could help control midge numbers and minimize cholera transmission by offering alternative, polarized light-reflecting water sources.
A review of commonly used C. difficile test kits found inaccurate results, leading to misdiagnosis and severe consequences. A new two-stage testing system is proposed to improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce false positives and negatives.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have developed a new high throughput microscopy technique that enables analysis of hormone receptors on a cell-by-cell basis. This allows for personalized medicine applications, such as identifying the most effective drug treatments for mutated cells.
This study investigates the correlation between changes in CT perfusion parameters pre- and post-TACE treatment of HCC and various responses to TACE. The findings suggest that CT perfusion imaging is a feasible technique for monitoring response of HCC to TACE, indicating its potential as an adjunctive tool in clinical practice.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung used computer models to identify genetic changes that increase biosynthetics production in Pseudomonas putida bacteria. The study, published in PLOS Computational Biology, aims to develop targeted methods for producing natural materials efficiently.
Researchers investigated Kupffer cell dynamics and phagocytic activity in a rat NASH model, confirming the effectiveness of CEUS examination in diagnosing NASH. The contrast effect in the liver parenchymal phase using Levovist® strongly implicates Kupffer cells in NASH pathogenesis.
A case-series study found that rectal doses of d-alpha tocopherol reduced disease severity and promoted clinical remission in patients with active ulcerative colitis. The treatment's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were likely responsible for the observed benefits.
A recent study published in Obstetrics & Gynecology reveals that nearly 40% of women experience sexual problems, but only 12% report these issues as a source of significant personal distress. The study suggests that certain age groups and health conditions can influence the level of distress associated with sexual problems.
A team of scientists has discovered unusual differences in the natural mechanisms that turn off genes in corn, providing new insight into how the crop protects itself from damage. The research found an extra layer of protective small RNAs in corn, which play a key role in repressing repetitive sequences, including mobile DNA elements.
A study at the University of Alabama at Birmingham has identified a crucial co-receptor in parathyroid hormone signaling that selectively stimulates bone formation. This finding could lead to new osteoporosis drugs and better bone-building therapies by targeting specific cell receptors responsible for calcium uptake from the blood.
Biomolecules significantly enhance magnesium content in calcite, offering clues to ancient environments. The findings raise questions about the interplay of factors on metal contents in biominerals.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation backs the National Osteoporosis Society in criticizing NICE guidance on osteoporosis prevention and treatment. Key concerns include women's access to effective treatments, exclusion of high-risk men, and lack of incorporation of the WHO-supported Fracture Risk Assessment Tool.
Researchers have found a way to restore key surface proteins in adult stem cells, enhancing their movement and therapeutic potential. The simple chemical procedure uses a molecule called SLeX to get the cells off the 'couch' and over to their therapeutic target.
The biomagnetic technique assesses esophageal transit time using a non-invasive method that avoids ionizing radiation. The study found that ETT is affected by anatomical position, with faster rates in the supine position.
The study found that liver transplantation can significantly improve survival for patients with lung metastasis from primary liver cancer. The researchers identified liver transplantation as a key factor in extending patient survival, and recommended it as a standard treatment option for these patients. Additionally, the study suggeste...
A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found that berberine increases insulin sensitivity in rat islets through the modulation of HNF4 alpha expression and glucokinase activity. Berberine enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in a dose-dependent manner.
Pregnant women who wait out stalled labor for an extra two hours can reduce health risks and eliminate over 130,000 C-section deliveries per year. A new study by researchers at UCSF found that one-third of women achieve a normal delivery without harm.
Research detects ER-alpha and PR isoforms in Mongolian gerbil stomach, but their regulation by E2 and P4 varies between tissues. The study sheds light on the mechanisms behind these receptors' roles in gastric health.
CSIRO's Biotech Imaging team has created software to objectively test hair removal products' effectiveness. The technology uses images captured by a small scanner and algorithms to detect hair length and number, providing insights into growth and removal.
Research shows that lubiprostone and PEG 3350 can enhance mucosal barrier function in ischemic-injured intestine. Lubiprostone stimulates chloride secretion via ClC-2, recruiting tight junction proteins to the apical-lateral membrane, while PEG 3350 generates an osmotic gradient that drags electrolytes and fluid into the lumen.
Scientists discovered bacteria in Vetiver grass roots that enhance essential oil production while altering molecular structure. The bacteria change the oil's properties to include insecticidal, antimicrobial, and antioxidant characteristics.
A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found no association between ineffective esophageal motility and gastropharyngeal reflux disease. Patients with IEM had similar acid clearance times as those with normal esophageal motility, suggesting that conventional manometry may not be able to evaluate true esophageal effe...
Collagenous colitis is characterized by chronic watery diarrhea and abnormal collagen deposition. A rare case of collagenous colitis presenting as protein-losing enteropathy has been reported, with successful treatment with prednisolone. The condition should be included in the differential diagnosis for chronic diarrhea with hypoprotei...
Researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology cracked the McEliece encryption system, a candidate for post-quantum cryptography. This breakthrough could compromise current encryption methods like RSA, which banks use for secure transactions.
A presumed consent system for organ donation could tackle the UK's growing waiting list by encouraging people to talk about their wishes. This approach aims to increase the supply of organs available for transplant, reducing demand on the black market.
A non-invasive oral rinse screening method has shown promise in detecting high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in patients with head and neck cancers. The study found that oral HPV16 infections were significantly more common among patients with HPV-positive tumors, indicating a potential link between the two.
A new study suggests that standardized patient prioritization and wait-list sharing among surgeons are more effective ways to reduce wait times for joint replacement surgery. Even with increased surgical capacity, it may take almost a decade to ensure 90% of patients receive surgery within recommended wait times.
Combining aerobic and high-force eccentric resistance exercise improved glucose control, physical performance, and body fat composition in people with type 2 diabetes. Patients who participated in a 16-week supervised exercise training program showed significant advantages over those in an aerobic-only exercise program.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have discovered how copy number variations contribute to pediatric glaucoma, a disease that can lead to blindness. The study's findings may help improve detection and treatment of childhood glaucoma, paving the way for earlier intervention and better outcomes.
A study published by researchers in Japan found that Double Balloon Endoscopy (DBE) was effective in diagnosing small intestinal lesions in patients with obscure GI bleeding, with a sensitivity of 92.7%. DBE also showed therapeutic benefits for most patients, and the technique was more sensitive than capsule endoscopy in certain cases.
A study of over 40,000 women found that those who gained more than 40 pounds during pregnancy were nearly twice as likely to have a heavy baby. Heavy babies are at risk for birth complications and may become overweight or obese children and adults.
A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found that overall beta-catenin expression is associated with better differentiation and earlier staging in colorectal cancer. High staining density also predicted superior survival, suggesting an alternative role for beta-catenin beyond the Wnt-signaling pathway.
The University of Maryland School of Medicine has developed a web-based training and examination program for reading electrocardiograms (ECGs), aiming to increase expertise among general practitioners. The program, called ACCIS, includes interactive computer modules that teach and assess ECG interpretation competence.
Researchers at University of Oregon have synthesized a new metal-hydroxide compound with high yields, potentially leading to greener semiconductor processes. The discovery uses a novel additive to optimize crystallization, allowing for rapid production of nanoclusters suitable for large-area applications.
A study of over 32,000 American women found that vigorous physical activity significantly lowers the risk of breast cancer. While non-vigorous activities did not offer protection, researchers suggest mechanisms like reduced inflammation and immune function may contribute to this benefit.
A DNA vaccine, BHT-3021, is being developed to reverse the immune response causing type 1 diabetes. The vaccine has shown safety and preliminary data indicate it may preserve beta cells and induce immune tolerance.
Research suggests a shared metabolic pathway between vitamins E and K may cause interaction, diminishing vitamin K levels as vitamin E increases. The Women's Health Study found 24% fewer deaths from heart disease in women taking 600 IU vitamin E supplements.
A new study funded by the National Institutes of Health has identified three effective treatments for childhood anxiety disorders: a combination therapy with psychotherapy and antidepressant medication, cognitive behavioral therapy, and an antidepressant medication alone. The study found that 81% of children in the combination treatmen...
Research suggests that joint bidding on packages can increase consumer surplus and improve profits for both consumers and retailers. In a study, authors found that consumers tend to bid more for individual items when asked to place a joint bid, increasing the probability of a transaction going through.
A University of East Anglia study demonstrates that human influence is responsible for warming in both Arctic and Antarctic regions. The findings contradict previous observations and the IPCC's previous stance on Antarctica.
A study found that participants who received exercise instructions in a difficult font were less motivated to engage in regular exercise, whereas those who received easy-to-read instructions were more willing to adopt the habit. Similarly, a recipe with a hard-to-read format led to lower willingness to attempt making sushi compared to ...
A recent study published in Nature found that Indian Ocean tsunamis of similar size to the 2004 disaster occurred between 1300 and 1400 AD and possibly earlier. The research suggests a 600-700 year recurrence interval for such events.
Seven in ten registered voters say major changes are needed in the U.S. health care system, according to a Kaiser/Harvard survey of registered voters in September. The public's perceptions of the state of American health care and the role of health care as an election issue are also explored.
A Stanford study found that gene expression patterns in mice with type-1 diabetes were similar to those in humans before symptoms appeared. The researchers identified clusters of genes that participated in coordinated changes over time, which may provide an early warning for pre-diabetics.
A study found that 24-hour drinking has not reduced the burden of alcohol-related attendances to emergency departments but shifted the problem to later into the night. This trend was seen for weekdays and weekends, with significantly more attendances in early morning hours.
A recent study has identified four novel genes associated with Alzheimer's disease, including a gene on chromosome 14 that may influence age of onset. The research also found connections to other diseases, such as spinocerebellar ataxia and innate immune system disorders.
Researchers have found that small islands in the Caribbean were preferred by early settlers for their rich marine resources and fertile coastlines. These smaller islands offered better wind flow, fewer mosquitoes, and more abundant fish, making them an attractive choice for subsistence and economic benefits.
Clemson University researchers have received a $180,000 grant to develop new imaging agents that combine light and MRI technology for early detection of breast cancers. The technology uses fluorescent carbon nanomaterials, dubbed 'carbon dots', with magnetic elements to enhance contrast and spatial resolution.