Sentinel node biopsy has significantly improved 10-year disease-free survival rates and melanoma-free survival for melanoma patients, reducing the need for extensive lymph node surgery. The procedure has become a worldwide standard in diagnosing melanoma, thanks to Moffitt Cancer Center's pioneering role in its development and teaching.
UTSA College of Sciences faculty Andrew Tsin, Garry Cole, and Donald Kurtz were honored as AAAS Fellows for their groundbreaking research contributions. Tsin received the 2013 AAAS Mentor Award for Lifetime Achievement in promoting Hispanic American doctorates.
A pilot study from Stanford Medicine found no significant difference in digestive issues between consuming raw milk and pasteurized milk among lactose-intolerant participants. The study tested 16 participants with the highest levels of lactose intolerance, but results showed no improvement in symptoms when switching to raw milk.
Researchers found that high sodium concentrations in the soil lead to instability and increased erosion in Tuscany's Crete Senesi badlands. The presence of vegetation helps stabilize the ground, but agricultural use is eroding the landscape, threatening its disappearance in 35-40 years.
Patients who received assistance from poison centers had shorter hospital stays and lower hospital charges. The study found a cumulative decrease of $2,078 in hospital charges per 10 patients.
A midlife healthy diet was found to reduce dementia risk by almost 90% compared to the least healthy diet. Higher intake of saturated fats linked to poorer cognitive functions and increased risk of dementia.
Tropical Cyclone Lusi has become better organized, with strong thunderstorms surrounding its center. The storm is expected to weaken due to cooler waters and increasing vertical wind shear.
A study published in BMJ found that pregnant women who followed a 'prudent' diet pattern had a 15% lower risk of preterm delivery compared to those with an unhealthy diet. The researchers analyzed data from over 10,000 women and controlled for other known risk factors.
The USPSTF published its final recommendation statement on primary care interventions to prevent or reduce illicit drug and nonmedical pharmaceutical use in children and adolescents. Nearly one in 10 American adolescents use illegal drugs, with serious health consequences.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology developed a new treatment method for phantom limb pain, using muscle signals from the amputated arm stump to drive an augmented reality system. The patient experienced drastically reduced pain and was no longer awakened by intense periods of pain at night.
The book provides a three-step process to help readers solve relationship issues in their own way, without the need for face-to-face therapy. By understanding their partner's perspective and accepting each other's flaws, couples can achieve lasting change through acceptance and specific changes.
Prey animals adopt garish colors to live long and prosper, even if they aren't poisonous. The evolutionary benefit of mimicry works, with predators reacting to the impersonations and avoiding eating the imposters. This study used evolving populations of digital organisms in a virtual world called Avida.
The gut microbiota's complex relationships with different microorganisms contribute to both health and disease, according to recent advances in DNA sequencing technology. Non-bacterial microbes like viruses and meiofauna also play a crucial role in shaping the gut ecosystem.
Tropical Cyclone Gillian made its first landfall in the northwestern coast of the York Peninsula, while Tropical Cyclone Hadi lingered off the eastern coast. Gillian is expected to re-emerge in the Gulf of Carpentaria and make a second landfall near the Northern Territory/Queensland border.
A University of Illinois study found that mothers participating in a vocational training program gained a network of peers, leading to increased bargaining strength and improved children's consumption of rice and dairy. The program empowered women, allowing them to exert more say over household resources.
A study by the University of Miami found that attributes such as physical attractiveness, personality, and grooming are associated with a greater probability of entering into a marital relationship. However, these traits do not collectively have a significant influence on forming a romantic cohabitating relationship.
The study found cocaine use dropped sharply across the US from 2006 to 2010, while marijuana consumption increased significantly during the same period. Researchers also estimated that Americans spent over $100 billion annually on illicit drugs between 2000 and 2010.
A Phase 1 clinical trial of mecasermin (rh-IGF-1) in girls with Rett syndrome demonstrated the treatment's safety and efficacy in ameliorating certain symptoms. The study suggests that IGF-1 could be a potential treatment for Rett Syndrome, paving the way for further research and possible FDA approval.
The open access journal Colloid and Interface Science Communications provides an innovative channel for publishing short initial reports on new fundamental concepts, research findings, and topical applications. The journal covers topics such as nanomaterials, energy production and storage, biotechnologies, and pharmaceutical products.
Researchers have developed a toolkit of genes and hardware using colored lights and engineered bacteria to test and debug genetic circuits. By varying the timing and intensity of lights, they can control exactly when and how much different genes are expressed.
A new study by Yale University researchers found that a faster and less expensive form of radiotherapy for treating prostate cancer may come with a higher rate of urinary complications. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a newer treatment option that can be completed in one to two weeks, compared to seven to nine weeks for intens...
A new pill called idelalisib shows promise in treating relapsed leukemia and lymphoma patients, with a significant response rate of 72% for CLL patients. However, MCL patients experienced less favorable responses, highlighting the need for further research to improve this therapy.
A person with both lupus and HIV was found to produce the correct type of neutralizing antibodies, a key component of an effective vaccine. The study provides new insights into the immune system's response to the virus and could aid in the development of vaccines capable of overcoming tolerance controls.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have discovered LIMD2, a protein that drives metastasis in various cancers. The study defines the structure of LIMD2 and its correlation with metastatic tumors, offering potential targets for treatment.
African smallholder farmers can benefit from agroforestry practices to increase storage of carbon, enhance agricultural productivity, and improve resilience to climate change impacts. Agroforestry is a win-win solution that addresses both mitigation and adaptation needs in food-focused production systems.
Recent research on serpentine ecosystems sheds light on the mechanisms of adaptation, natural selection, and endemism. Kruckeberg's seminal paper (1951) has influenced subsequent research on local adaptation, evolutionary pathways, and climate-soil relationships.
Elsevier has launched a new journal, Geoderma Regional, which focuses on regional soil science research. The journal aims to increase understanding and scientific knowledge of soils in all regions worldwide. It will publish original research articles and reviews on various aspects of soil science.
Pretreatment with SSTF reduces infarct volume and apoptosis in hippocampal neurons, restoring neurological deficits and improving the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. SSTF increases Bcl-2 expression and decreases Bax expression, suggesting multiple pathways for neuroprotection.
Researchers found that species near volcanoes were more likely to survive past ice ages due to the heat and steam from volcanic activity. This discovery could inform conservation efforts in icy regions as humans continue to impact the environment.
A recent study by Queen's University Belfast highlights the disparities in cancer care for older patients, citing 'undertreatment' and a 'survival gap'. The editorial argues that clinical trials should be without an upper age limit to redress these disparities and improve outcomes.
New research using NASA data shows that only a small number of Greenland's largest glaciers are responsible for the majority of ice discharge into the ocean. The study used satellite observations and ice thickness measurements to calculate ice flow rates, providing a clearer picture of how glacier dynamics affect the Greenland Ice Sheet.
IBS patients exhibit imbalanced gut microbiota composition and altered digestive functions. A low-fiber diet rich in FODMAPs can exacerbate symptoms, while a balanced Western diet with low FODMAP content may improve IBS symptoms.
Recent studies suggest that antibiotic use in childhood can lead to changes in growth and metabolic development. Low-dose antibiotics have been shown to alter body fat and tissue composition in laboratory animals, highlighting the potential impact of antibiotics on the gut microbiota.
MIT researchers have successfully created devices that harness or emit light using a novel material called tungsten diselenide, which is just a few atoms thick. This breakthrough could lead to the development of ultrathin, lightweight, and flexible photovoltaic cells, LEDs, and other optoelectronic devices.
A healthy diet rich in vegetables, salads, and fruits, as well as fermented dairy products containing probiotics, can help maintain digestive health. Probiotics also have beneficial effects at all stages of life, including the very early ones, supporting disease prevention and treatment in children and immunocompromised individuals.
Researchers at Hebrew U. show blind individuals can perceive colors, shapes, and object categories through non-invasive sensory aids, challenging traditional brain function understanding.
New research reveals farmed salmon are as fertile as wild salmon and can invade wild gene pools, posing threats to native populations. The study suggests that sterilization of farmed salmon could be a viable solution to mitigate this threat.
Researchers have discovered a blood test that can predict cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease within three years with greater than 90 percent accuracy. The test identifies 10 lipids in the blood, which appear to reveal the breakdown of neural cell membranes in participants who develop symptoms.
A worldwide study found that grazing animals can improve biodiversity in over-fertilized grasslands by allowing native plants to compete for sunlight. The study, which analyzed data from 40 sites across six continents, suggests that the removal of fertilizer and introduction of grazing animals can lead to increased plant diversity.
Researchers have discovered the mechanism of bacterial type IV secretion, which plays a crucial role in spreading antibiotic resistance. The system, uncovered by scientists at UCL and Birkbeck, differs substantially from other bacterial secretion systems and could lead to new tools for genetic modification.
Researchers found delicate strings of galaxies in previously thought-empty voids, revealing a new type of structure called 'tendrils'. This discovery suggests that voids might be smaller than initially believed, challenging our understanding of the universe's organization.
A study published in Nature Geoscience found that changes in the Sun's energy output may have led to marked natural climate change in Europe over the past 1000 years. The research suggests that regional climate variability associated with solar activity should be taken into account when making future climate projections.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology have created the world's thinnest solar cells using tungsten diselenide, a material that can absorb light and convert it into electrical power. The ultrathin layers exhibit high transparency and efficiency, making them suitable for flexible displays and glass facades.
Scientists have identified four new man-made gases in the atmosphere, all contributing to ozone layer destruction. The new chlorofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbon emissions surpass pre-1990s levels, posing significant concerns for the environment.
ZENBU integrates genome browsers with data analysis and linked expression views to facilitate interactive visualization of next-generation sequencing results. The tool allows for dynamic combination of thousands of experimental datasets, enabling scientists to discover new biological mechanisms.
A new biochemical technique allows researchers to study how specific proteins called kinases interact to trigger cellular behavior, such as cell movement. The method, developed by Klaus Hahn's team, enables the activation of just one kinase and its interaction with another molecule in real time.
New research suggests that the first animals oxygenated the deep oceans, creating conditions for more complex life to evolve. This finding challenges the long-held belief that a rise in atmospheric oxygen triggered the development of complex life forms.
Researchers found that when herbivores increased the amount of light reaching the ground through vegetation removal, plant species diversity increased on both fertilized and unfertilized plots across six continents. The study suggests that nutrient availability and grazing can have a positive impact on grassland biodiversity.
A new £7.1 million grant will support the Commonwealth Eye Health Consortium, which aims to tackle avoidable blindness and improve quality of eye care across the Commonwealth. The programme will deliver fellowships, research, and technology to strengthen health systems and provide accessible care.
Researchers at the University of California - Davis have engineered bacteria to produce esters, a key component in scents, flavors, and chemical processes. This breakthrough could lead to a $20 billion industry shift towards renewable sources.
Scientists have successfully studied protein synthesis in adult stem cells, finding that precise protein production is essential to their function. The discovery opens up new avenues of cellular biology and may lead to a better understanding of diseases associated with protein synthesis mutations.
Researchers developed biomolecular tweezers to precisely stretch cells and molecules, studying biochemical activity and receptor binding. The device enables high-throughput capability for assessing the effects of mechanical forces on a broad scale.
A study by The Institute of Cancer Research identified mutations in the DNA methyltransferase gene, DNMT3A, in 13 children with a newly described condition called 'DNMT3A overgrowth syndrome'. The condition causes intellectual disability and unusual growth in children, but has no link to cancer risk.
Researchers found that moderate exercise can stimulate stem cell regeneration in mice, but losing the antioxidant protein Nrf2 hinders muscle recovery. Sarcopenia, age-related muscle loss, occurs naturally and is linked to reduced antioxidant production.
Researchers at JCAP have developed a new hybrid material that stores nearly 90% of the electrons generated by solar energy in hydrogen molecules. This breakthrough could address one of the major challenges in using artificial photosynthesis to produce renewable solar fuels. The material, which combines gallium phosphide and cobaloxime ...
A burgeoning deer population alters forest progression by creating environmental havoc in the soil and disrupting seed banks. The study found that deer grazing stunts forest development, promoting invasive species like buckthorn and viburnum, which stall natural growth and reduce native plant diversity.
The new Center for Dielectrics and Piezoelectrics expands research capabilities with industry partners, focusing on high energy-density capacitors, flexible electronics, and piezotronic transistors. The center will leverage partnerships to support new products and processes.
Emmanuel Fordjour, a UT Arlington undergraduate, has won the Council on Undergraduate Research's 2014 Posters on the Hill competition for his research on Clostridium difficile infection. He found that combining rifaximin and fusidic acid was effective against different strains of CDI in lab tests.
After four years of decline, the rate of teenagers coming into Ontario emergency departments with suicide-related behaviors stopped dropping between 2006 and 2010. The rates did not continue to drop and about one-third more of these events resulted in a hospital admission, suggesting an increase in severity.
Researchers have developed novel techniques for engineering lungs using 3D scaffolds, enabling high-throughput studies of human lungs and accelerating progress towards lung tissue regeneration. The new methods allow for selective injection of stem cells into decellularized lung segments while preserving vascular and airway channels.