A Rice University study has found that the aspirin-like drug diflunisal blocks the action of prestin, a key protein required for hearing. The research suggests potential repurposing of diflunisal as a treatment for cancer and amyloid polyneuropathy.
A new study published in The Lancet found that the Gardasil 9 vaccine can reduce 90% of cervical cancer cases with long-term effectiveness. The vaccine was tested on over 14,000 women worldwide and showed similar safety profiles to the four-valent HPV vaccine.
Scientists have discovered the key trigger molecule that helps mature red blood cells. By removing a hydrophobic molecule from serum using charcoal filters, researchers found that adding back just thyroid hormone triggers red blood cell maturation.
A new study discovered a sugar 'warehouse' in dendritic cells that fuels immune responses, providing a novel regulatory target to regulate immune activity. Enhancing or depleting this sugar warehouse could influence or dampen immune reactions.
A global study of over 5,000 people from 40 countries reveals diverse communities form strong attachments to the Great Barrier Reef, regardless of geographic location. The research suggests resource managers should engage with global communities to build broad public support for protecting the reef.
The University of Delaware team developed a new technology that can make fuel cells cheaper and more durable. They created a catalyst of tungsten carbide nanoparticles, which improves water management and reduces the burden on the humidification system in fuel cells.
A Singapore-based health study found that consuming red meat and poultry increases the risk of developing diabetes. The study suggests replacing these meats with fish, tofu, or legumes may help reduce the risk.
Scientists at Ohio State University found a possible biological explanation for the unusual clarity of vision during the recent total solar eclipse. The presence or absence of a protein in the retina called a GABA receptor enhances night vision on sunny days but disappears at night.
A mid-level solar flare was captured by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory on September 4, 2017. The M5.5 class flare may cause disturbances in the atmosphere where GPS and communications signals travel.
A ketogenic diet improved memory in aging mice and increased their chances of surviving to old age. The study suggests that the health benefits of BHB may go beyond memory and could affect tissues and organ systems.
Researchers found that Zika virus can kill glioblastoma stem cells, which are resistant to standard treatments. The virus targets these cells without harming noncancerous brain cells, making it a promising potential treatment option.
Midwestern University researchers found anatomical variations linked with nTOS, revealing a new explanation for its difficulty in diagnosis. Ultrasound diagnostics revealed brachial plexus piercing variations at higher rates in subjects with nTOS symptoms.
A study found that vaccine-hesitant parents in California are finding physicians willing to grant medical exemptions, leading to a significant increase in MEs. The exemption percentage decreased overall, but counties with high past PBE use saw the largest increases in MEs.
A study found that hospitals developing formal networks of skilled nursing facilities have lower readmission rates among patients discharged to these facilities. The research analyzed data from eight US cities and Medicare claims, revealing a decline in re-hospitalization rates from 24% to 18%.
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends vision screening for children aged 3-5 to detect amblyopia. However, the evidence for this age group is considered moderate, while it is insufficient for children under 3 years old. Early detection of vision abnormalities can prevent permanent vision loss in affected eyes.
Scientists tracked ruddy shelducks crossing the Himalayas using satellite data, finding they fly above 5,000 metres and reach 6,800 metres altitude. This challenge likely requires adaptations to cope with lower oxygen levels, surpassing even bar-headed geese' records.
Researchers have discovered ultra-rare gene mutations associated with eating disorders, targeting a pathway involved in appetite regulation and inflammation. The findings suggest potential new treatments for these conditions, particularly for bulimia nervosa.
Researchers found that bacterial communities in soil are structured by plant lineage, not environment. This discovery helps understand how invasive species succeed and affects ecosystem fitness.
A new study suggests that as Earth's climate warms, global unforced temperature variability will likely decrease, while local regions could see sharp increases in natural temperature variability. This shift is due to albedo feedback, which reduces the impact of melting sea ice on amplifying natural temperature fluctuations.
Advance Care Planning (ACP) is a process where patients discuss their goals and preferences with relatives and health-care providers. The study recommends adapting ACP to the individual's readiness, updating conversations and documents regularly.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a new computer model that accurately simulates the interactions between water and alkanes, a family of hydrocarbons. This breakthrough could have far-reaching implications in fields such as energy production, environmental systems and biology.
A new study published in Nature Communications reveals that DNA molecules move faster as they enter a nanopore and slower when exiting, due to buckling under compressive forces. This finding could inform the design of biosensors and have real-world applications in polymer properties measurement.
A new study found that fathers' testosterone levels after childbirth are linked to their own and partners' depressive symptoms. Low testosterone levels were associated with fewer symptoms of depression in women, while high levels led to more stress and relationship aggression.
Research shows that strong coping skills and sense of coherence can help women overcome anxiety in deprived communities. Women with good coping skills were less likely to experience anxiety, regardless of their living conditions.
Washington University engineer Jr-Shin Li has developed a mathematical formula to design broadband pulse sequences, leading to enhanced signal sensitivity in various quantum experiments. The formula, published in Nature Communications, is the first to use analytical methods, resolving challenges associated with numerical optimization.
Researchers at RIKEN Brain Science Institute discovered that prenatal lack of DHA and AA fatty acids can lead to offspring developing schizophrenic-like symptoms as adults. The study found epigenetic changes in gene expression, affecting nuclear receptor genes and oligodendrocyte-related genes, which may be traced back to DNA methylation.
Researchers have found that Zika virus preferentially infects and kills glioblastoma stem cells compared to other cell types. A mutant strain of the virus shows promise in slowing tumor growth and extending lifespan when combined with chemotherapy, offering a new potential treatment for brain cancer.
Scientists discovered borates in a Martian crater, indicating that ancient conditions were favorable for RNA synthesis and potentially life. The presence of boron on Mars adds to evidence for habitability, opening possibilities for life's origins.
A study found PrEP effective in preventing HIV infection among adolescent men who have sex with men, but struggled with low adherence rates. The treatment was safe, with most participants having detectable drug levels throughout the study.
A new study by University of Pennsylvania researchers found that ACA marketplace plans offer significantly fewer mental health providers than primary care, highlighting the need for better regulation and incentives. The study suggests that narrower network design and lower reimbursement rates may contribute to this disparity.
Researchers aim to develop a framework to inform design of carbon nanomaterials, minimizing potential unintended consequences. They will manipulate surface chemistry and test biological and electrochemical activity to optimize CNM properties.
A study shows that male birds choose their mates with ornamental traits, similar to how females choose males. Researchers created population genetic models to understand the evolution of these preferences.
A new imaging tool using targeted fluorescent dye successfully lit up benign brain tumors in patients undergoing removal surgery, allowing surgeons to identify tumor tissue. The technique improved surgical outcomes, with a 73% gross-total resection rate and perfect concordance for post-operative MRI results.
Researchers have discovered a class of compounds that selectively inhibit fibrosis-initiating TGF-β pathways in fibroblasts, without affecting non-fibrogenic cells. These trihydroxyphenolic compounds may provide an opportunity to treat fibrosis with fewer side effects.
A recent study reveals that despite knowing bees are crucial to plant pollination, many people are unaware of the wide diversity of bee species beyond honeybees. The survey found that only 14% of respondents could accurately identify the number of bee species in the US, highlighting a need for public education and outreach.
Researchers found overlap in activity of anterior cingulate cortex indicating pattern of self-regulation triggered by cognitive fatigue. The study broadens understanding of disease entities associated with lower threshold for cognitive fatigue.
Tropical Depression 19W is developing just north of Luzon, Philippines, with strong thunderstorms and cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center predicts the depression will continue to track northwest into the South China Sea over the next couple of days.
Researchers use aerial drones to visualize Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in the York River, allowing for more efficient and cost-effective water sampling. The drones provide high-resolution images that complement satellite imagery and enable researchers to identify toxic algal species.
Scientists have identified an early predictor of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) through a groundbreaking collaboration. By analyzing the microbiome, researchers found parallel changes in gut bacteria that may indicate disease onset.
Recent phase 3 studies (ALEX and ALUR trials) demonstrate alectinib's efficacy in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with central nervous system (CNS) involvement. The medication significantly decreases CNS progression, improving median progression-free survival by up to 8 months compared to standard chemotherapy.
A new study out of Tohoku University found that contagious yawning is more likely associated with perceptual sensitivity than empathy. Researchers observed participants' reactions to photos and videos of people yawning, revealing a stronger link between detecting facial expressions and induced yawning.
A new study shows that bipedal desert rodents use unpredictable movements to evade predators and gain a competitive edge. The jerboas' unique gait use, including hopping, skipping, and running, allows them to outmaneuver their quadrupedal neighbors.
Claudia Ratti receives $475,000 NSF CAREER award to study quark-gluon plasma state and promote STEM education.
Researchers found mangrove rivulus fish recognize single embryos as related to themselves despite hunger, suggesting a chemical cue role. The study's results demonstrate an early-stage embryonic kin recognition ability in this species.
Seismic reflection data from the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake revealed a frontal prism, reflective zone, and subducted horst-and-graben structures in the Japan Trench. This provides insights into the behavior of large shallow slip zones and potential tsunami earthquakes.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory are developing new materials to repair heavy-duty vehicle engines, reducing energy consumption and extending their lifespan. The lab is also working on smart home solutions to optimize energy usage in homes, using advanced algorithms and sensors to collect data on energy demand.
Researchers have identified the best ways to diagnose, prevent, and treat exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) in children with and without asthma. Effective treatments include pharmacological interventions and practical preventative methods such as wearing face masks and selecting warmer exercises.
Research finds that rejection feels worse when blamed on someone else, leading to exclusion and decreased belonging. Higher neuroticism is linked to lower volunteer rates across US states, while moral sanctity values drive censorship of immoral acts from children.
A biodegradable nanoparticle injection after a spinal cord injury prevents inflammation and scarring that inhibits repair. Mice with the treatment were able to walk better than those without, suggesting a potential new approach for human spinal cord injury treatment.
A new species of primitive monotrysian micromoth, Cecidonius pampeanus, has been discovered in Brazil, inducing noticeable galls on the Uruguayan pepper tree. The larvae's low survival rate and lack of gene flow amongst populations threaten their extinction.
Researchers have uncovered a reason why semiconductors lose their ability to carry electricity as they become more densely doped. They found that transient bonding of dopant ions with the semiconductor base material impeds conduction, but now know how to design smarter systems to minimize this effect.
Scientists discovered that insects can see in far greater detail than previously thought due to the rapid movement of photoreceptor cells, allowing them to resolve small objects at high speeds. This challenges long-held assumptions about insect vision and has implications for improving robotic sensors.
A NJIT graduate student has developed a method to accelerate the combustion of boron, a metal with high energy potential. Adding iron to boron improves ignition and speeds up its burning in air and steam.
Researchers analyzed the genomes of 210,000 people to find a drop in some genetic mutations linked to Alzheimer's disease and heavy smoking in those who lived longer. Additionally, sets of mutations predisposing people to heart disease and obesity appeared less often in longer-lived individuals.
Researchers at King's College London have identified a gene, DLG4, associated with brain damage caused by pre-term birth. The study found that DLG4 is involved in controlling the inflammatory process and may open doors for effective treatments of diseases such as cerebral palsy and autism.
Assistant Professor Julien van Grevenynghe at INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier Research Centre has received a $25,000 award to further his research on autophagy in HIV infection. The Banting Research Foundation recognizes the potential of his work to strengthen the immune system and develop effective HIV vaccines.
NASA analyzed Tropical Storm Jose using Aqua satellite data, detecting strong thunderstorms with cold cloud top temperatures indicating potential for heavy rainfall. The storm is forecast to strengthen and become a hurricane by Friday.
Lidia, a tropical cyclone, weakened and degenerated into a remnant low-pressure area on Sept. 2. The National Hurricane Center issued its final advisory at 5 a.m. EDT, noting the storm had lost deep convection and was expected to dissipate by Monday night.
Researchers found that older wombs have trouble supporting placenta growth, leading to poor blood supply and birth defects. The study suggests that aging wombs may contribute to increased risks of pregnancy complications in humans.
A study published in The Journal of Biological Chemistry reveals that bacterial toxins from E. coli can cause urinary tract infections with a different mechanism than pertussis toxin, which causes whooping cough. Understanding this diversity may help improve existing vaccines and create new ones.