Research suggests that crime is a powerful motivator for migrants to come to the US, despite understanding the risks of the journey. Those who have been victimized by crime multiple times are more likely to migrate.
A survey of 271 acne sufferers found that negative perceptions of social stigma are associated with higher psychological distress and physical symptoms. Females in the study reported greater impairment of life quality than males.
Scientists from GEOMAR and University of Malta are collaborating on a three-year project to develop a best practice guide for detecting, characterizing, and monitoring offshore aquifers. The goal is to assess the sustainability of using these aquifers as an alternative source of freshwater in coastal regions.
Moffitt researchers used a new technique to identify a previously unknown mechanism of midostaurin in lung cancer. Combining functional proteomics with deep network analysis led to the discovery of TBK1, PDPK1, and AURKA as protein targets for midostaurin, resulting in a more effective combination therapy.
A study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association reveals that reproducing Scn5a missplicing in mice with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) recapitulates cardiac function defects present in patients. The findings highlight a non-mutational mechanism contributing to arrhythmias and open possibilities for novel interventions.
A Simon Fraser University study has found that steelhead trout age of migration, size, and numbers are controlled by a combination of temperature, co-occurring salmon, and other factors. In years with large pink salmon returns, steelhead migrated to sea at a younger age, producing more young fish from the river system.
Researchers found that treating ants with dopamine increased individual foraging trips and sensitivity to humidity. The team also used a dopamine inhibitor to verify their results, showing that increased dopamine levels led to more foraging and improved colony behavior.
Researchers have developed a paint-like polymer that can cool down surfaces by reflecting sunlight and heat back into the sky. The PDRC polymer reflects over 96% of sunlight and achieves sub-ambient temperature reductions of approximately 6° Celsius in hot climates.
Researchers at UCI will develop a new class of cancer-killing immunotherapeutics targeting abnormal glycans, which are nearly universal in cancer but limited in normal tissue. The goal is to broaden the types of cancers sensitive to immunotherapy and treat highly diverse types of cancer.
Researchers found a small ice-free 'polynya' in the Arctic that sustained microscopic marine life for at least 5,000 years. This discovery provides insight into how marine ecosystems adapted to extreme climate conditions during the last Ice Age, highlighting their vulnerability and resilience.
Pea aphids can see and avoid virulent bacteria, led by Cornell University researchers who found the bacteria's fluorescent compounds that emit UV light. This ability may lead to organic farmers using pyoverdine or virulent bacteria on leaves to deter pea aphids.
A study published in Transportation found that ride-hailing services such as Uber and Lyft contribute to increased vehicle miles traveled due to empty miles from drivers going without passengers. For every 100 miles carrying passengers, Uber and Lyft drivers travel an additional 69 miles without a passenger.
Researchers used visible/near-infrared spectroscopy to predict breakthrough curves of dissolved chemicals in intact soil columns. The new technology estimated mass transport with a high degree of accuracy and has potential for cost-effective and efficient monitoring of dissolved chemical transport.
Adolescent and young adult (AYA) leukemia patients are significantly more likely to relapse than pediatric ALL patients. Factors such as lower clinical trial enrollment, shorter treatment duration, race, and insurance status contribute to this disparity.
The University of Rochester has received a $8.39 million grant from the NIH to create a national center for child maltreatment studies. The TRANSFORM Center will focus on preventing child maltreatment and addressing its consequences through research, policy, and training initiatives.
Professor Daniel Bellingradt is researching Amsterdam's significance in the European paper industry during the 17th and 18th centuries. He investigates how communication relied on paper goods, trade networks, and recycling practices.
A new study found that 74% of kids still receive unhealthy drinks and/or side items with their kids' meals from top four restaurant chains. Healthier options like fruit, yogurt, and low-fat milk are available but often not promoted or made easily accessible.
The £1.35 million Future Leaders in Innovation, Enterprise and Research (FLIER) programme will create a network of talented individuals equipped to lead innovation and collaboration across academia, industry, the NHS, and government. The programme aims to develop dynamic future leaders in biomedical and health research.
Hurricane Rosa shows a cloud-filled eye with two wrapping thunderstorm bands. The National Hurricane Center notes a defined eye structure beneath the overcast. Rosa is expected to strengthen and weaken before landfall in Baja California on Oct. 2.
The Center for BrainHealth has secured a $225,000 NIH grant to investigate how cannabis use affects motor learning and coordination. The study will examine the effects of acute, prolonged, and long-term cannabis use on motor skills and performance.
A new invasive species, Bugula neritina, has been detected in the Ketchikan region of Alaska, along with three other non-native species. The discovery highlights the importance of early detection and monitoring to control the spread of invasive species in Alaskan waters.
Tropical Storm Kirk is regenerating in the Lesser Antilles, bringing intense convective activity and heavy rainfall. The NASA GPM core satellite detected strong radar echoes of over 60 dBZ, indicating intense precipitation falling at rates of over 69 mm/h.
Researchers can predict cybersickness severity using balance control measures, allowing for targeted interventions to reduce symptoms. The study's findings have significant implications for industries adopting virtual reality technology, such as gaming and medicine.
The Child Mind Institute and international researchers have released open-source non-human primate brain imaging data sets. These aggregated datasets will help accelerate the development of 'wiring diagrams' that may improve understanding of brain disorders. The goal is to advance research on mental health and learning disorders.
The University of Konstanz has been awarded Excellence funding for two of its three cluster initiatives, including the Politics of Inequality: Perceptions, Participation and Policies and the Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour. This success will enable the university to compete with top universities in Germany and sha...
The Cluster of Excellence PoL aims to understand the organization of living matter and its mechanisms. The researchers hope to shed light on tissue formation and structure, which will provide solutions to pressing bioengineering and health issues.
The HPV vaccine offers a promising approach to lowering rates of cervical cancer and HPV-related diseases worldwide, particularly in underserved populations. Research highlights disparities in cervical cancer screening among different demographic groups, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions.
A study of 768 E. coli isolates from elderly patients with urinary tract infections found a high prevalence of resistance to β-lactams and other antimicrobials. Independent risk factors for multi-resistant E. coli included diabetes, recurrent infections, hospitalization, and exposure to β-lactams.
A new report by University of Huddersfield researchers found that 35 children out of every 10,000 in Northern Ireland are in social care, compared to 52 in England, 62 in Wales, and 82 in Scotland. This difference is attributed to various factors, including policy, family circumstances, and community dynamics.
Researchers developed a model that explains how cell specialization arises in response to resource constraints. The model considers the influence of environmental factors and initial differentiation of cells, providing a more realistic understanding of cellular specialization.
The discovery of mummified Sacred Ibises in France after Napoleon's conquest of Egypt played a significant role in delaying the acceptance of evolutionary theory. The debate between Georges Cuvier and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck over these birds' classification highlighted the influence of charismatic personalities on scientific thought.
Researchers at NIST developed a filtering method to reduce interference in electro-optic lasers, allowing for ultrafast pulses that arrive 100 times faster. This technology could enable real-time hyperspectral imaging and other applications.
A new digital platform DIME has been launched in Denmark to register and make accessible the growing number of metal detector finds. This initiative aims to strengthen collaboration between amateur archaeologists and museums, allowing for a broader sharing of knowledge and promoting democratic cultural heritage management.
The University of Arizona has been awarded a $30 million NASA grant to investigate the interactions between aerosols and cloud properties over the Western Atlantic. The five-year project aims to reduce uncertainty about human-caused effects on the atmosphere, specifically interactions between aerosol particles and clouds.
Researchers at MIT have developed a software tool that automatically generates maps of favorable landing sites on Mars, taking into account scientific priorities and engineering constraints. The program uses fuzzy logic to deal with imprecision in the data and can explore different landing and exploratory scenarios.
Researchers have developed a new method to analyze plant resistance to bacterial wilt at the seedling stage, allowing for early detection of disease-resistant cultivars. This approach combines plant metabolomics and statistical modeling to identify key chemicals that confer resistance.
A new study on children from the Bucharest Early Intervention Project found that those who remained in institutions experienced cognitive problems, depression, anxiety, and disruptive behavior. In contrast, children placed with high-quality foster families showed improved outcomes, particularly at ages 12 and 16.
A new DNA vaccine targeting the human MAGE-A family of proteins has shown promise in a pre-clinical model of melanoma, inducing a robust immune response and antitumor activity. The vaccine simultaneously targets multiple tumor antigens, overcoming a difficult issue in cancer immunotherapy.
A new vaccine against deadly foal pneumonia has been developed after decades of research, with the potential to save thousands of foals' lives. The vaccine protects against Rhodococcus equi infection, which can cause severe pneumonia and fatality rates ranging from 20% to 40%.
Researchers found two new genetic variations of H7N9 and H7N2 subtypes in unvaccinated ducks, indicating the virus has adapted to ducks. The vaccine largely prevented H7N9 infection in chickens, but the virus can still replicate in ducks.
The Carnegie Mellon team will leverage its expertise in modularity to develop robots that can adapt to various environments, including small spaces and large structures. The team aims to create robots capable of rapid mapping, exploring, and exploiting complex underground environments.
Researchers at Penn State discover unique properties of halide perovskites that enable efficient conversion of sunlight into electricity, guiding the development of next-generation solar cells. The study's findings provide insights into how to improve the performance and stability of these materials.
A polymer science professor at The University of Akron is developing a fiber mat that detects opiate residue, providing first responders with quick indication of presence. Early prototypes will be used in latex gloves carried by responders to prevent exposure and overdose risk.
Typhoon Trami showed a wide and ragged eye with deep convection and developing thunderstorms in NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite image on Sept. 27, 2018. The storm was located near latitude 22.2 degrees north and longitude 128.6 degrees east, with maximum sustained winds of 90 knots.
A new plasma thruster technology has been developed to remove space debris, decelerating it with a force imparted from the satellite. The system uses bi-directional ejection of plasma plumes, controlled by a magnetic field and gas injection, for efficient removal in three operational modes.
A novel combination of broadly neutralizing antibodies has shown remarkable results in reducing HIV viral loads in infected individuals, even after treatment interruptions. This groundbreaking study suggests a promising approach to antibody-mediated therapy, paving the way for long-term control of the virus.
The Friedrich Schiller University Jena has been granted funding for its Cluster of Excellence 'Balance of the Microverse', focusing on microbial communities and their impact on human health, environment, and climate change. The cluster aims to advance knowledge on microbiota dynamics and functions.
Researchers create high-performance exterior PDRC polymer coating with nano-to-microscale air voids, which reflects sunlight and radiates heat to the sky. The coating can be fabricated, dyed, and applied like paint on various surfaces, achieving cooling capabilities in both desert and tropical climates.
Researchers will explore how smooth muscles control feathers and aid birds in flight, a novel approach that could reveal the role of smooth muscle in limb control for the first time. By studying body contour feathers and wing movement, they aim to transform our understanding of bird flight.
Researchers have identified a key protein called RAB11FIP5 that regulates natural killer cell activity in people who produce protective HIV antibodies. This discovery could lead to the development of a vaccine that triggers these antibodies before HIV infection.
A phase II clinical trial found that a tumor-specific vaccine combined with an immune checkpoint inhibitor shrank tumors in one third of patients with incurable cancer related to the human papilloma virus (HPV) and had a median survival of 17.5 months.
A team of UCSB students, led by Philip Lubin, are searching for signs of alien life in Andromeda using a suite of telescopes and photonic technology. They aim to detect potential signals from civilizations using optical beams that could be visible across the universe.
Researchers develop structure-disrupting peptides to target bacterial proteins' structural core, reducing likelihood of resistance development. The study finds promising results in inhibiting multidrug-resistant bacteria growth and treating gonococcal infections.
A novel method for monitoring surface wave velocities in the shallow subsurface has been developed by researchers at Kyushu University, providing high spatiotemporal resolution. The approach enables accurate detection of natural phenomena and fluid leakage from deep underground storage sites.
Researchers have identified serum response factor (SRF) as a critical regulator of cardiomyocyte maturation. SRF plays a key role in organizing contractile structures and regulating gene expression, but its level affects cell maturity. The study provides new insights into heart muscle development and regeneration.
A new Cornell University-led study has identified genes that were altered in tame animals in two areas of the brain involved with learning and memory. Genes impacting serotonergic and glutaminergic neurons, important for learning and memory, were clearly affected by selection toward tameness.
A new study finds that proton pump inhibitors are associated with a 19% higher risk of hip fractures in dialysis patients, regardless of usage level. Histamine-2 receptor antagonists were not linked to increased fracture risk. The findings highlight the need for individualized assessment and caution in PPI use among hemodialysis patients.
A new UBC study found that publicizing a firm's security levels can lead to reduced spam and strengthened security over time. The research quantified the security levels of over 1,200 Pan-Asian companies, revealing that firms were more likely to prioritize security improvements when cyberattacks were less likely to directly harm them.
Bird feathers have been found to resist tearing due to a sophisticated cascaded slide-lock system, composed of flexible hooklets and spines. This discovery overturns centuries-old explanations and provides insight into the design of smart textiles.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory found that sustained lung inflammation can awaken dormant breast and prostate cancer cells, leading to metastasis. A new antibody approach may block this signaling pathway, preventing cancer recurrence.