A multidisciplinary team from Northwestern University has diagnosed metal soaps as the cause of destructive pimple-like protrusions in precious works of art. The tool enables researchers to monitor and understand what conditions make the protrusions grow, shrink or erupt.
Diabetes mellitus increases risk of stable ischemic heart disease, with trial data showing no benefit from nuclear stress tests or cardiac computed tomography. Revascularization for SIHD also does not reduce mortality or myocardial infarction rates in diabetic patients without symptoms.
The inaugural challenge highlighted scientific innovation across the African continent, with five winners selected from over 100 entries. The winners received a $5,000 cash prize and international publicity for their remarkable stories.
A new study published in Nature Human Behavior found no evidence of racial or gender bias in the initial review phase of National Institutes of Health grants. Researchers from the University of Wisconsin-Madison analyzed over 400 reviewer responses and found that reviewers were focused on the grant applications themselves, rather than ...
A recent study from Vanderbilt University Medical Center found that children with autism spectrum disorder are at a higher risk of being reported to the Child Abuse Hotline. The study revealed that over 17% of children with ASD had been reported for maltreatment, compared to 7.4% of children without ASD.
Research by Thomas Boyce, a CIFAR Fellow, shows that children from lower socio-economic backgrounds have higher levels of cortisol in their saliva and more cavity-causing bacteria around their gums. His study aims to understand why some children struggle and how all can thrive, as explored in his new book The Orchid and the Dandelion.
This special issue of Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications Journal covers key aspects of stable ischemic heart disease, including contemporary management strategies and epidemiology. The collection of reviews and commentary provides insights into the latest research and clinical practices for this condition.
Researchers from seven countries analyzed atmospheric black carbon emissions in the Arctic during winter and summer. The study found that fossil fuel combustion dominated BC emissions in winter and biomass burning in summer, contributing to global warming and climate change.
A new citizen science project, 'Science Scribbler - Virus Project', aims to train AI to identify virus particles by having people of all ages view screens and locate virus particles. This will help automate data segmentation processes, dramatically speeding up scientists' ability to understand research data in days rather than weeks.
Researchers have discovered that a material designed to absorb all light of a specific color demands the waves be synchronized as well. By adjusting parameters, they were able to create a coherent perfect absorber with two overlapping modes, increasing versatility and flexibility in tailoring the material's properties.
Tropical Cyclone Oma continued to intensify in the Southern Pacific Ocean, posing a significant threat to Vanuatu. NASA's Suomi NPP satellite captured an image of the storm, showing a large area of thunderstorms wrapping into the center.
A novel mobile application called MyPath uses AI to provide personalized guidance and support to breast cancer patients in rural Georgia. The app adapts to each stage of a patient's journey, offering relevant resources and suggestions based on their medical data and changing needs.
Dr. Kyungsuk Yum develops bioinspired 3D materials that can form complex shapes and motions in response to external signals. His research has potential applications in bioinspired soft robotics, biomedical devices, tissue engineering, and artificial muscles.
Sera Young, a Northwestern University anthropologist, has developed the first scale to measure household water insecurity, a universal need bounded by disciplinary and geographic silos. The 12-question HWISE Scale will transform how we understand the prevalence, causes, and consequences of water insecurity on maternal and child health.
Researchers discovered that some Australian sea snakes can sense light on their tail skin, prompting them to withdraw their tails under shelter. This unique ability, found in only six species of sea snakes, helps protect their vulnerable paddle-shaped tails from predators.
A recent study has clarified the mechanism behind a rare brain disorder called MICPCH syndrome, which affects few individuals worldwide. The research highlights the importance of the protein CASK in maintaining balance between excitation and inhibition in the brain.
Researchers have discovered that vernalization is influenced by both cold and warm conditions, with a wider temperature range than previously thought. The study found that warmer temperatures can trigger an 'extreme vernalization response', leading to unique gene expression patterns in certain wheat cultivars.
Graphene-based wearables track UV exposure, heart rate, hydration and oxygen saturation, while also enabling night vision through camera sensors and spectrometers. These technologies have potential applications in healthcare, food inspection and surveillance.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have created a novel brain slice model that captures features observed in patients with mitochondrial epilepsy. The model reveals the critical role of astrocytes in driving seizure generation and demonstrates the involvement of the GABA-glutamate-glutamine cycle.
Scientists found that a strategy called 'extortion' is unbeatable, as it alternates between cooperation and egoism to force opponents to cooperate. This tactic can lead to significant gains for the 'extortioner', even when competing against cooperative players.
Scientists have found that local fluctuations on a solid-state catalyst's surface create opportunities for reactant molecules to diffuse and undergo desired reactions. The findings, published in Science, reveal that even with densely packed adsorbed particles, molecular mobility is possible due to periodic changes in particle density.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open found that driving while on prescription opioids significantly increases the risk of fatal motor vehicle crashes. The study analyzed data from over 18,000 fatal car crashes and found that drivers who tested positive for prescription opioids were more likely to be involved in fatal crashes.
EDS1 protein partners with PAD4 and SAG101 to promote reprogramming of gene expression and localized cell death, carrying out a crucial link between recognition and resistance in plant immunity. A key surface on EDS1 enables its functions, promoting salicylic acid accumulation and blocking bacterial virulence molecules.
New research from London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine shows that interventions in West Africa can significantly increase rates of exclusive breastfeeding. The study found that women who received support reported being 70% more likely to exclusively breastfeed than those who did not receive the intervention.
A university-wide analysis found that professors' 'growth mindsets' are associated with better educational outcomes for all students, especially underrepresented racial and ethnic groups. In STEM classes, faculty who believe intelligence is malleable have smaller racial achievement gaps.
Researchers from São Paulo and the UK presented advances in new battery development to address increasing demand for energy storage. Lithium-air batteries have great potential for use in transportation, power distribution networks, and can store energy for up to 24 hours at a low cost.
Researchers discovered a sex-specific obesity locus for the Lyplal1 gene, finding that females have a higher mitochondrial activity and produce more brown adipose tissue, reducing fat mass and insulin resistance. In contrast, males exhibit low mitochondrial activity and increased weight and insulin resistance.
Researchers reconstructed past rainfall patterns in south-east Queensland using preserved paper-bark tea tree leaves from North Stradbroke Island, finding a generally wet period around 5000-6000 years ago. The study suggests that the probability of a drought worse than the Millennium Drought may be as much as 10 times higher.
Sepsis-associated deaths occurred in over half of hospitalizations, with most deaths attributed to complex patients with severe coexisting conditions. Further innovations in prevention and care of underlying conditions may be necessary to reduce sepsis deaths
A new study from the University of Warwick shows that medical and surgical treatment options for miscarriage are similarly effective, but with different side effects. Conservative treatment resolves about 70% of cases, while surgery and medication have comparable success rates.
A recent study by CU Anschutz researchers has implicated a complex unexamined gene family in autism severity, suggesting that this underexplored area of the human genome may hold key insights into the disorder and potentially lead to new clinical therapies.
The Societies Consortium on Sexual Harassment in STEMM aims to provide research-based resources for addressing issues of harassment. The consortium's model policies will be developed through contributions from its 53 member organizations.
The open-science model is being expanded to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. M4ND Pharma will pursue promising new genetic drug targets, sharing progress with the scientific community through regular online meetings.
Researchers identified a genetic variant associated with an increased preference for menthol cigarettes, specifically in African-American smokers. The MRGPRX4 gene variant is five to eight times more frequent among menthol cigarette users, suggesting a potential underlying factor for the higher use of these products among this population.
Researchers developed AI software that predicts ovarian cancer prognosis and treatment effectiveness, outperforming existing methods by up to four times. The technology can stratify patients based on CT scan texture differences, enabling personalized medicine.
A study published in PLoS ONE found that the type of pen a pig is shown in significantly affects how it is perceived by consumers. Straw bedding is rated as more natural and animal-friendly than concrete floors. The results suggest that even happy or sad expressions do not change perceptions of well-being.
A Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health study found that middle-aged men who completed more than 40 push-ups had a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular disease outcomes over 10 years. The study's findings suggest that push-up capacity could be an easy, cost-effective method to assess cardiovascular disease risk.
Scientists at the University of Virginia Health System identified a potential explanation for the death of specific brain cells seen in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The discovery suggests that naturally occurring gene variation, called 'somatic mosaicism,' may be responsible for this selective vulnerability.
A study of over 970 participants found that perceiving personal goals as attainable is crucial for later cognitive and affective well-being. Life goals also hold predictive power for specific domains, such as social relationships and health.
Researchers have developed a new technique to simultaneously measure blood clotting and the formation of free radicals, shedding light on their role in blood vessel damage and disease development. The discovery could lead to better treatments for conditions like heart disease, stroke, and vascular dementia.
Researchers used hourly water level records from tide gauges to detect episodic tremor and slip patterns in the Cascadia Subduction Zone. The study found that these events occurred every 14.6 months between 1996 and 2011, but not during the pre-GPS era, suggesting a potential change in the pattern over time.
A new study found that high-tide flooding is already impacting businesses' experiences and profits, with downtown Annapolis losing 3,000 visits in 2017 due to flooding. Rising seas are expected to increase flooding days by 2035, affecting 170 coastal communities.
Researchers create ultrasmall, untethered electrodes activated by near-infrared light for neural stimulation, reducing inflammation and scarring in neural tissue. The technology offers improved spatial precision and potential for deeper tissue access.
A research team at the University of Louisville discovered that SA-4-1BBL boosts CD8+ and CD4+ T cells to target tumors for destruction. The molecule protects healthy mice from various cancer types when exposed to tumor cells, showing promise in cancer immunoprevention.
A research team at the Medical University of South Carolina has discovered a novel binding site for E1 inhibitors, which could lead to the design of more efficient anti-cancer drugs. The study reveals a new mechanism for promoting drug design and specificity.
NASA's Aqua satellite provides visible image of Tropical Cyclone Gelena transitioning into a subtropical storm, characterized by asymmetric wind patterns and cloud top warming. The storm is expected to continue moving through the Southern Indian Ocean over the next day until it dissipates.
New research finds elk in Wyoming's Medicine Bow-Routt National Forest avoid beetle-killed areas during summer months. Elk strongly avoid these areas due to the need to expend significant amounts of energy to walk over downed logs and cool themselves.
Researchers at York University have identified a group of genes controlling hygienic behavior in honeybees, which helps to limit the spread of harmful mites and bacteria. These genes are associated with improved colony survival and may be used to breed healthier colonies through selective breeding programs.
A phase III trial found hypofractionated radiotherapy (H-RT) to have similar QOL outcomes as conventional radiotherapy (C-RT) in men with low risk prostate cancer. H-RT delivers a total dose over a shorter period, reducing treatment duration and potential side effects.
Research reveals that patients with specific MAPK mutations are more likely to respond to immunotherapy drugs in glioblastoma. The study also found that tumors with PTEN mutations were less responsive to treatment, suggesting new targets for treatment development.
Researchers at UTMB have developed a promising drug that significantly increases muscle size, strength and metabolic state in aged mice. The study found that the drug resets muscle stem cells to a more youthful state, rejuvenating them to effectively repair muscle tissues.
A study published in JAMA Network Open reveals a slight increase in readmission rates among patients discharged from Swiss hospitals under flat-rate payment structures. The researchers found that the rate of 30-day readmissions rose from 14.4% to 15.0%, raising concerns about early discharges and potential impact on hospital quality.
Adults with moderate to severe OSA who experience excessive daytime sleepiness are at greater risk for cardiovascular diseases than those without it. They are more likely to have been diagnosed with heart failure and experience cardiovascular events.
Astronomers have discovered evidence of a gigantic remnant surrounding an exploding star, indicating that it erupts regularly on a massive scale for millions of years. The team found a super-remnant measuring almost 400 light years across, which is unusually large compared to other known nova systems.
A new study measures the effectiveness of underground passageways that let fauna cross highways safely, finding higher road mortality at fence ends. Fencing and underpasses can reduce roadkill numbers by discouraging animals from crossing busy lanes.
A study found that Chilean food regulations targeting obesity have a positive impact on mothers' understanding, perceptions, and spending habits. Mothers recognized healthier choices and perceived a cultural shift toward healthier eating.
Researchers at NIHR Guy's and St Thomas' Biomedical Research Centre develop a treatment involving patients' modified cells, restoring healthy levels of integrin α4β7, effective in treating Crohn's disease. The proposed Tribute Trial will test the treatment's safety and effectiveness.
Researchers discuss the potential of brain-computer interfaces to aid and restore communication for people with severe speech and physical impairments. The talk highlights the importance of choosing the right technology that maximizes reliability and minimizes fatigue and frustration.
The article reviews the challenges, needs, and opportunities of strawberry growers across the US, highlighting increasing use of protected culture strawberry production. Key findings also discuss pest control, labor availability, and consumer demand for year-round availability.
A new study uses cellular barcoding to pinpoint cells responsible for breast cancer's spread, shedding light on how chemotherapy works and identifying targets for new treatments. Researchers hope to develop targeted therapies by understanding the molecular basis of cancer cell behavior.