A new Boston University School of Public Health study estimates that remdesivir can increase ICU capacity by over 50%, saving up to 6,862 lives per month. The drug's 'double impact' could save as many as 13,647 South Africans by December.
Researchers discovered that Nissle, a harmless E. coli strain, can protect intestinal tissue against pathogenic strains like enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC). The probiotic was found to decline rapidly in the tissue while allowing it to withstand damage better.
A management study led by Baylor University found a troubling connection between workplace pregnancy discrimination and the health of mothers and babies. Perceived pregnancy discrimination can lead to increased postpartum depressive symptoms for mothers and lower birth weights, gestational ages, and doctor visits for babies.
Researchers identified shared brain structural elements across major psychiatric disorders, including depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The study also revealed distinct regional abnormalities for individual conditions, suggesting potential mechanisms underlying these disorders.
A new study found a higher prevalence of neurological complications in COVID-19 patients, including delirium, brain inflammation, and strokes. The researchers identified one rare condition called ADEM, which appears to be increasing in cases due to the pandemic.
Scientists discover magic-angle graphene can behave like an insulator or a superconductor at the same time, sparking new research on the material's physics. The study reveals that the insulating and superconducting phases may compete with each other, rather than being directly related.
Researchers used fixed effects regression techniques to analyze photovoltaic performance degradation over time. They found that newer projects have degraded at a slower rate than older ones, suggesting photovoltaics technology has improved over time.
Research at Binghamton University found that institutions emphasizing social and political issues have students who participate in activism behaviors. Black and queer students are significantly more likely to engage, while straight and White peers show less engagement.
Researchers have discovered a crucial connection between calcium, energy production, and cardiolipin in heart muscles affected by Barth syndrome. This understanding may lead to new insights into the disease's symptoms and treatment options.
Researchers mapped non-coding genome in maize during early developmental window to understand inflorescence differentiation. The study provides a roadmap for adjusting gene expression precisely to improve grain yield and ear traits.
Researchers discovered ferroelastic twin domains in perovskite crystals that can influence electron movement. These structures, or 'electron highways,' could make perovskite solar cells more powerful and improve their efficiency.
A newly-identified algae species, Chondria tumulosa, has been discovered in NW Hawaiian waters, posing a major threat to coral reefs. The alga has no known origin, smothering entire reefs and corals with its fast growth and 'tumbleweed-like' appearance.
A new study by scientists from Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg found that microalgae farming has a similar environmental impact to fish production, but produces more omega-3 fatty acids per unit area. This could lead to a more sustainable source of essential nutrients for humans and reduce pressure on the world's oceans.
Researchers at McMaster University found nearly 90% of sounds used in auditory experiments have no connection to the natural world. This discovery raises questions about the use of artificial tone beeps in testing the auditory system, highlighting their limitations and potential impact on real-world applications.
Scientists have discovered a specific circular RNA that prolongs fruit fly lifespan by regulating the insulin signalling pathway. The circRNA, called circSulfateless, is expressed at higher levels in long-lived flies and can directly influence their lifespan. These findings suggest a potential link between circRNAs and human ageing.
Researchers have developed a novel approach to prevent and treat chronic and recurrent bacterial diseases caused by biofilms. The technology targets the DNABII family of DNA-binding proteins, which are common to all biofilms and disrupts them.
A team of scientists led by prof. Juan Carlos Colmenares developed an efficient reactive adsorbent that can purify air from various toxic compounds cheaply and effectively. The material, made from titanium dioxide and graphite oxide, uses photocatalysis to break down toxins into less harmful elements.
A new PLOS Biology paper proposes a set of principles for creating and governing lists of the world's species, aiming to address the lack of an agreed list of all species. The proposed governance mechanism ensures that taxonomists' decisions are informed by stakeholders' needs.
Tropical cyclones are made of hundreds of thunderstorms, and infrared data can show where the strongest storms are located. NASA research has found that cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit indicate strong storms with potential to generate heavy rainfall.
The chemical synthesis of trefoil factor peptide TFF1 enables the study of its mechanisms of action and optimization for therapeutic applications. The new method provides novel insights into the protein's interactions with mucins, accelerating wound healing in the gastrointestinal tract.
Research shows that plant proteins like soy and wheat can help maintain skeletal muscle mass with age, but a larger dose is required to achieve the same effect as animal protein. A balanced diet that includes both animal and plant-based proteins is recommended for optimal muscle health.
Researchers measured gas motions throughout the Milky Way and a nearby galaxy, finding that cold molecular gas motions appear to fluctuate in velocity, reminiscent of ocean waves. The team discovered that equidistantly spaced structure shows distinctive pattern, with periodic spacing likely resulting from gravitational instability.
A new study by USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences found that COVID-related discrimination increased from 4% to 10% among US residents in March to April 2020. Asian Americans were the first racial/ethnic group to experience substantial discrimination, followed by African Americans.
A Cranfield University team will monitor and analyze air quality levels within the region, utilizing sensor technology and data analytics to inform sustainable development plans. The study aims to mitigate the impact of growth on air quality, aligning with UK Government ambitions for a neutral or positive environmental gain.
Engineers from the University of Delaware develop procedure to purify monoclonal antibodies with 43% higher productivity, thanks to understanding of adsorption affinity and its role in protein transport into ion-exchange beads. This breakthrough could lead to reduced waste during expensive drug manufacturing process.
Researchers developed a breakthrough machine learning approach that quickly produces higher-resolution climate data, enhancing wind velocity and solar irradiance by 50 and 25 times respectively. This advancement will enable scientists to complete renewable energy studies with more accuracy and speed.
Rice University engineers found that boron nitride can destroy 99% of PFOA in four hours through light activation, outperforming previously reported catalysts. The discovery suggests the potential for using boron nitride as a tool to address PFAS pollution.
A study found that Conservation Agriculture can increase organic carbon in soil by up to three times the goal amount, making it a key tool for mitigating climate change. By adopting no-till farming and rotating crops, farmers can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve environmental sustainability.
A recent study by University of Illinois Chicago researchers found that despite federal and state policies to expand access to birth control, only 10.1% of Los Angeles County pharmacies provide this service without age restrictions. The study suggests that regulations alone are not enough to address disparities in contraceptive use, hi...
Researchers developed nanoparticles that can deliver a localized cancer treatment by inhibiting tumor growth in mice. The nanoparticles use a specific chemistry to attach a microRNA that prevents cancer cells from producing proteins, leading to cell death.
The article details a New York hospital's restructuring of general surgery resident teams and educational infrastructure during the COVID-19 pandemic. The new structure prioritizes team safety and enhances educational experiences for residents.
Researchers from the University of Sydney developed an electrochemical oxidation process to clean up complex wastewater containing toxic chemicals. The process transforms organic contaminants into harmless gases or minerals without requiring additional chemicals or severe operation conditions.
Research found that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels impact egg quality and IVF success rates. NAD+ helps maintain cellular building blocks during egg maturation.
Researchers have identified a novel mechanism underlying post-stroke recovery and developed a potential therapeutic approach by inhibiting astrocytic GABA synthesis. Treatment with KDS2010 alleviates cortical diaschisis and improves motor function in animal models, suggesting a new treatment direction for stroke patients.
Researchers have found that RNA is critical in the process of cell differentiation, serving as a bridge between genes and epigenetic machinery. Without RNA, the system cannot work, making it essential for life. The study's findings could lead to the development of new RNA-targeted therapies.
The European Research Council has announced its first ERC Public Engagement with Research Awards, recognizing three winners who made an effort to engage audiences beyond the scientific community. Prof. Anna Davies from Trinity College Dublin won for her SHARECITY project, exploring urban food-sharing practices through online and social...
The WVU Robotic Technology Center and Maxar are collaborating on the SPIDER project to demonstrate in-space assembly of a satellite using a lightweight robotic arm. The technology developed under SPIDER could enable self-assembling commercial satellites, human space exploration, and in-space telescope assembly.
A Rutgers-led study examines 40 options to tackle interrelated problems of climate change, food security and land degradation. The research finds that integrated water management and agroforestry have fewer trade-offs than well-known options like planting trees.
Researchers have developed a 3D bioprinted skin model of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) to test the efficacy of chemotherapies. The model selectively killed cSCC cells while sparing normal keratinocytes, demonstrating its potential for pre-clinical screening.
The new South American Drought Atlas shows widespread, intense droughts and unusually wet periods have increased since the mid-20th century. The study suggests global warming and pollution may be contributing factors.
NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite captured post-tropical cyclone Edouard transitioning into the western North Atlantic. The system was classified as extratropical due to its merged center of circulation with a frontal boundary.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati found that a strain of E. coli Nissle protects human cells against pathogenic E. coli bacteria. The study suggests that Nissle may be used to develop a treatment for E. coli infections, which affect millions annually.
Two studies found that methotrexate treatment does not increase the risk of chronic interstitial lung disease in RA patients, but may even delay its development. This is significant as ILD is a common complication of RA and can be life-threatening.
A University of Pittsburgh research team received $330K to study the effect of silver on water disinfection. The goal is to determine if silver-coated shower fixtures effectively prevent opportunistic pathogen exposure and minimize antibiotic resistance.
Researchers utilized a computational method to analyze the CDR3 regions of T-cell receptors from high-grade serous ovarian cancers. The study found that patients with low T-cell infiltration but diverse or focused repertoires had clinical outcomes similar to highly-infiltrated tumors. The authors identified the degree of divergence bet...
Researchers developed a neural network capable of recognizing retinal tissues during differentiation without modifying cells. The method allows for growing retinal tissue for developing cell replacement therapies to treat blindness and conducting research into new drugs.
Justin Metcalf, OU assistant professor, received a Young Faculty Award from DARPA to explore how the electromagnetic spectrum has become critically congested. His research aims to develop techniques for radar and communications systems to share frequency bands, enabling defense and commercial users to dynamically share unlicensed bands.
Researchers at Stony Brook University will develop simulation tools to optimize offshore wind farm layouts and reduce the levelized cost of energy by up to 15 percent using advanced turbine controls and Artificial Intelligence. The project aims to bring down the cost of developing offshore wind energy in the U.S. and support its growth.
Researchers argue that agriculture's contribution to greenhouse gas emissions is overstated and may even have a net positive effect on the climate. Per Frankelius proposes seven measures to reduce emissions while advancing sustainable agriculture.
A University of Houston study found that insufficient sleep alters children's emotional health, particularly in response to positive emotions. The research highlights the importance of assessing and prioritizing healthy sleep habits for emotionally vulnerable children.
Caterpillars of the Lycaenidae family have evolved to associate with ants, which protect them from predators in exchange for sugary secretions. These associations are driven by chemical signals and rewards, allowing caterpillars to minimize energetic costs while maximizing protection.
Researchers found a 10-μm silicate feature in large olivine particles, contradicting the Mie theory. The study's outcome sheds new light on comets and deep space, potentially affecting our understanding of cosmic dust particles.
Researchers developed engineered natural killer immune cells expressing a PD-L1 CAR that directly kill tumour cells in mice and humans. The treatment also reduces the numbers of immunosuppressive myeloid cells harbouring PD-L1.
A large population study found that the risk of cerebral palsy in IVF children has consistently declined over six time-periods, from 12.5 cases per 1000 live born in 1990-1993 to 2.8 per 1000 in 2011-2014. The prevalence dropped more significantly in singletons born from IVF compared to naturally conceived children.
A new patient-focused intervention, DISCO App, has been developed to improve patient-provider treatment cost discussions and related patient outcomes. The five-year grant-funded study will evaluate the effectiveness of the app in reducing financial toxicity among cancer patients.
A new NYU study found that exercising in nearby parks reduces anxiety and depression, but safety concerns prevent many from using them. The researchers suggest improving park lighting, programs, and community engagement to make parks feel safer.
A new study published in eLife found that early exposure to the flu virus can reduce the risk of future infections, particularly with the same subtype. The study also showed that the effectiveness of flu vaccines varies with age and birth year, suggesting that early exposure plays a role in shaping immune responses.
Researchers found that a phenomenon known as the Marangoni effect helps mezcal bubbles linger longer when alcohol content is around 50%, allowing artisans to determine perfect distillation levels. The study also reveals new fundamental details about bubble lifetimes on liquid surfaces.
Research team found that gut Piezo1 stimulates serotonin production in enterochromaffin cells, regulating gut and bone health. Serotonin is critical for gut function, emotion regulation, and blood pressure control.
Researchers developed an on-chip plasmonic spin-Hall nanograting to detect both phase and polarization singularities of incident beams. The structure directionally couples different positions depending on the polarization and topological charge of the beam, enabling rapid detection with high resolution.