Researchers from The University of Manchester created a prototype garment that can lower the body temperature in hot climates using graphene's remarkable thermal properties. The technology also opens up new possibilities for interactive infrared displays and covert communication on textile.
A new study by American Cancer Society finds that cancer survivors experiencing higher medical and nonmedical financial hardships are more likely to visit the emergency department, receive less preventive care, and have worse self-rated health. The study highlights the growing healthcare costs and their impact on worsening health dispa...
A West Virginia University-led study found a significant increase in seasonal flu deaths in US cities with professional sports teams. Researchers analyzed data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and discovered that flu mortality rates rose by 5-24% during pro sports seasons, with the largest jump observed in NHL games.
A study published in Cell reveals that viruses can produce previously undetected proteins by stitching together host and viral sequences, altering the course of viral infection. These new proteins could be exploited for vaccine purposes and may hold key to understanding viral virulence.
Researchers introduced a new system to improve cooperation among goods and service providers in rural villages, by assigning reputation scores and rewarding responsible welfare usage. The study's findings suggest that the payoff transfer mechanism can optimize public cooperation without significant costs.
A new study using statistical mechanics improves climate prediction accuracy for IPCC-class models, bridging gap between scenarios and models. This approach enables real-time scenario construction and facilitates the assessment of tipping points, a crucial aspect of understanding climate change.
Researchers have developed a method to detect the presence of weak gravitational wave events, revealing a lost 8 billion light years of universe evolution. This breakthrough will allow scientists to observe farther away in space-time and gain insights into the early universe's structure.
New research enables structural optimization of Future Vertical Lift vehicles, allowing for morphing capabilities during flight. This reduces computational cost by up to 80% while maintaining accuracy.
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the design and analysis of oncology trials, presenting challenges for cancer researchers and clinicians. As a result, cancer treatment options and patient care have been disrupted, highlighting the need for new strategies to overcome these obstacles.
Scientists have mapped thousands of teff varieties to fast-track efforts to save the crop from higher temperatures, which could reduce production by 80%. The study reveals unique characteristics and traits allowing teff to cope with different environmental conditions.
Researchers have found unprecedented levels of complexity and rapid changes in jets and gas bubbles blasting off from the centers of two young planetary nebulas. Hubble's multi-wavelength observations are helping to converge on an understanding of the mechanisms underlying these chaotic fireworks.
A four-year-long earthquake swarm near Cahuilla, California was driven by a naturally occurring injection of underground fluids, revealing complex conditions for fluid flow within the fault zone. The study provides new insights into seismic processes and brings closer concrete explanations for how earthquake swarms start and terminate.
A Duke researcher found that publicizing OSHA violations through press releases leads to a significant improvement in compliance among nearby facilities, with effects persisting up to 31 miles away. The study suggests that this approach can be an effective tool for regulatory agencies to promote safety and health in the workplace.
A new open-source machine learning tool identifies proteins associated with drug side effects, offering insights into how the human body responds to drug compounds. The algorithm has generated 221 associations between individual proteins and specific adverse drug reactions.
The study establishes a cost-effective synthetic strategy to gain highly proton-conductive porous organic polymers (POPs) with excellent conductivity of 10-2 to 10-1 S cm-1. This design offers a universal means for evolving structural design for highly proton-conductive materials.
A European research team developed a photographic film at the atomic level to track the motion of a molecular building block. The result shows a light-controlled 'pedalo-type motion', moving forward and backward, which could help control material properties with molecular switches.
New international research reveals that forest cover loss amplifies both gains and losses in global biodiversity. The study, spanning 150 years and over 6,000 locations, finds that forests support around 80% of all land species, with some species declining rapidly after forest loss.
Testing is vital to identify cases, track superspreading events, and spot previously infected individuals. Innovative approaches are helping to overcome bottlenecks in testing efforts, with the US still struggling to match countries like New Zealand and South Korea.
A new study found that academic scientists prioritize social impact and intellectual challenge over financial gain when engaging in commercial activities. In life sciences, a strong desire for social impact drives patent applications, while engineers are motivated by intellectual challenge and peer recognition.
A new study published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology found that COVID-19 patients with extremely high cortisol levels are more likely to deteriorate quickly and die. Cortisol levels can be used as a marker of illness severity, helping identify patients who need intensive care.
Researchers from the Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences successfully create tensile and inhomogeneous quantum rings in a controlled manner. The work involves trapping ultracold atoms in optical lattices and modifying interaction between atoms to mimic superconductors.
Researchers warn that forests can be vulnerable to climate change, including fire, drought, and insect damage, which can undermine the effectiveness of forest-based natural climate solutions. Scientists must focus on assessing forest climate risks and sharing data with policymakers to inform climate strategies.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding chandelier cells, which are key regulators of brain signaling. Abnormalities in these cells have been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, and studying them may provide insights into disease mechanisms.
A Columbia University study found that crowded homes and poor neighborhoods increase the risk of COVID-19 infection. Women living in high-density households were three times more likely to contract the virus.
Despite efforts to equalize gender representation in STEM fields, persistent gaps remain, particularly in Physics, Engineering, and Computer Science. Low-achieving men dominate these fields, while high-achieving women are discouraged from entering.
The study provides a comprehensive understanding of the diversity of blood thinners in leech saliva, shedding light on their potential use in hospital settings. The leech genome sequence offers critical insight into the evolution of bloodfeeding in leeches and may revolutionize the treatment of certain medical conditions.
A recent international study found a significant shift in pet feeding practices over the past decade, with a rise in raw and home-made foods. The research warns that these unconventional diets may pose health risks for animals, citing nutrient deficiencies and bacterial contamination.
Children's Cancer Institute researchers have discovered a new approach to treating acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) by targeting leukemia stem cells. The therapy disrupts the ability of these cells to self-renew, markedly reducing leukaemia amounts and preventing new cells from growing.
A UC Davis study found that the use of extreme risk protection orders (ERPOs) in California increased substantially over the first four years, with most orders requested by law enforcement officers for male and white individuals. The study also identified differences in ERPO use across counties and geographic clustering among neighbori...
Researchers developed a novel dietary silicon-based antioxidant agent that suppressed the development and progression of kidney failure and Parkinson's disease in rodents. The agent enabled the continuous production of an OH-eliminating molecule, significantly lowering oxidative stress and inflammation.
The new research system records, reconstructs, compresses, and delivers high-quality immersive light field videos with a lightweight and efficient approach. The team overcomes challenges to create a realistic virtual environment with panoramic views and natural lighting effects.
A recent study reveals that ancient farmers' use of charcoal to fertilize the soil created a unique ecosystem in the Amazon, boosting biodiversity and supporting plant diversity. The 'dark earth' technique has left a lasting legacy in the region's mature forests.
A recent NTNU study on wild boars in France reveals that rapid growth and early maturity may not come at a cost. In fact, faster-growing males had lower mortality rates due to hunting and natural causes, while females showed no significant impact from early reproduction.
Rural patients receive lower quality care and have higher mortality rates due to limited access to advanced stroke treatments. The analysis found that hospital capabilities for delivering advanced stroke care are lower in rural areas, resulting in substantially higher mortality rates.
A new study has discovered a direct link between mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene and the KRAS oncogene, driving the formation of pancreatic cancer. The research provides insight into the mechanism that regulates cell activity, offering potential therapeutic targets for future development.
More than a quarter of exoplanets could be ocean worlds, harboring subsurface oceans and releasing energy similar to Europa and Enceladus. Scientists predict that these planets may be geologically active enough to support life, with some releasing more heat than others.
A team of scientists has successfully produced a special type of light called a frequency comb, which consists of different light frequencies arranged at regular distances. The breakthrough uses circular quantum cascade lasers and turbulence to create the ordered light, contradicting current laser theory.
Researchers at UC Davis propose a novel model of sex evolution before and during grapevine domestication, revealing the genetic basis of hermaphroditism. The study finds that female individuals arise from a recessive deletion in a gene necessary for pollen germination.
A Stirling-led project aims to reduce the prevalence of schistosomiasis, a debilitating infection affecting 200 million people worldwide. By boosting native snail predators through aquaculture, researchers hope to control snail populations and limit the spread of the disease.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to describe human behavior in various scenarios, helping to understand decision-making. The study found that people tend to use a linear threshold model, increasing the price they're willing to pay over time.
Researchers found that thorns in citrus plants arise from stem cells, which undergo a programmed arrest to create the sharp pointy end. This discovery may lead to safer fruit harvesting and more fruitful orchards.
A new five-step protocol aims to reduce mortality of threatened birds of prey due to accidents with infrastructures. The protocol identifies sink populations, frequented areas, and high-risk infrastructure features to improve conservation actions.
Research investigates cyclosporin variants for their potential in regulating mitochondrial activity, shedding light on the structure-activity relationship. The study's findings suggest that certain cycloprotein molecules may be useful in treating diseases related to mitochondrial dysfunction.
Researchers warn that SARS-CoV-2 can infect various animals, posing a risk of transmission to humans. Implementing surveillance programmes is crucial to detect infected animals and prevent outbreaks.
A study led by University College London found that elite athletes who adopted simple oral health measures reported reduced negative effects on performance related to poor oral health. The behaviour change programme improved oral health behaviours and reduced symptoms of gum inflammation, leading to improved sporting performance.
The BlueSwell program provides a comprehensive early-stage incubator for bluetech innovations, offering $35,000 in grants and mentorship from industry experts. The initiative aims to foster sustainable use of the ocean through innovative solutions in offshore renewable energy, sustainable seafood, and more.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have found that investigational convalescent plasma is safe to use in a diverse group of 20,000 patients, with a significant decline in seven-day mortality rates compared to previous studies. The study also found lower serious adverse events and a more rapid availability of plasma for treatment.
Researchers have identified conjunctivitis as a potential primary symptom of COVID-19, leading to changes in patient diagnosis and treatment protocols. Ophthalmologists are now taking extra precautions when treating patients with conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis, including wearing personal protective equipment.
Researchers used a 'disease in a dish' stem cell model to examine the mechanism behind retinal ganglion cell degeneration in glaucoma. The study found that cells from individuals with a genetic risk allele for glaucoma were stalled at an immature stage, making them more vulnerable to degeneration.
The InterAAct trial found carboplatin-paclitaxel to be the optimal chemotherapy regimen for inoperable anal cancer, with a lower risk of adverse events and improved overall survival. Patients treated with this regimen experienced a trend towards better survival rates, suggesting it should become the standard of care.
A team of researchers sequenced a measles genome from 1912 and found it likely arose in human populations around the 6th century BCE. This finding suggests that large cities may have played a role in the emergence of the virus. Understanding the origins of COVID-19 could help protect against and fight the pandemic.
A Rutgers-led study reveals that consuming fake news increases political trust, especially among moderates and conservatives, while strong liberals mistrust the government. The researchers found a positive association between fake news exposure and overall political trust, with an 8% increase in trust for Congress.
A new study charts a potential path for preserving and restoring historic works by identifying microbial communities on art. Researchers found that microbes on wood and canvas surfaces can produce chemicals influencing decay rates.
Residents of long-term care facilities with lower nurse staffing levels and poorer quality scores suffer from higher rates of confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths. Higher nurse staffing ratios are strongly associated with fewer cases and deaths, according to a new study.
A collaborative program developed at UVA Health has helped prevent COVID-19 infections and reduced mortality rates in long-term care facilities. The program, GERI-PaL, combines hospital and community-based resources to assist local facilities in preventing and responding to outbreaks.
The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting the sexual and reproductive health of adolescents and young adults due to social distancing, school closures, and limited access to contraception and abortion care. Despite reduced opportunities for sex, many youth face significant challenges in accessing necessary healthcare services.
A study of 75,000 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders found that those who experienced a mood disorder or hospitalization prior to diagnosis were at the highest risk for suicide. The researchers suggest increasing age limits for first episode psychosis programs and extending clinical follow-up care as potential solutions.
A study found that genetic variation affects the types of bacteria that infect wounds and the healing process. The researchers identified specific genes associated with microbiome diversity in chronic wounds, which could lead to predictive biomarkers and targeted therapies for patients at risk of persistent infections.
Researchers have identified unique metabolic signatures, called metabotypes, in over 50% of children with autism spectrum disorder. These biomarkers, detected through metabolomics tests, show promise in detecting early risk and potentially personalized therapies for ASD.
Researchers used stem cells to study the developmental effects of Neandertal DNA, finding that archaic DNA contributes to skin and hair color traits prevalent in Europeans. The study provides a proof-of-principle for using organoids to track Neandertal-derived RNA across developmental processes.