Researchers used ultrasound to shake metal alloy grains into tighter formations during 3D printing, resulting in improved tensile strength and yield stress by 12%. The technique can be applied to various commercial metals, enabling the production of high-performance structural parts or structurally graded alloys.
Researchers observed the ultrafast proton transfer process following water ionization, creating a hydroxyl radical. The reaction is crucial for nuclear engineering, space travel, and environmental remediation, and its understanding may lead to strategies to suppress radiation damage.
A new method to study lithium dendrites was developed using an environmental transmission electron microscope (ETEM) in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. The team successfully grew and observed needle-like structures that can short out batteries and cause fires, providing insights into ways to prevent their appearance.
Researchers develop a cost-effective laboratory device called ElectroPen, which applies short bursts of electricity to temporarily open cell walls. The device is built using inexpensive components, including a piezoelectric crystal taken from a butane lighter, and can be assembled in just 15 minutes.
Integral Molecular has developed a panel of fully humanized P2X7 antibodies against autoimmune disorders like atopic dermatitis and glomerulonephritis. The company's MPS Antibody Discovery platform successfully isolated high-affinity antibodies with antagonist or rare agonist activity.
Researchers used moths' real flight trajectories to develop decision-making programs for autonomous vehicles. The program performed better in simulations of complex forest layouts, incorporating information about object locations into navigational decisions.
A new study finds that low doses of DEHP impair egg production in roundworms by increasing DNA double-strand breaks and hampering repair systems. This can lead to chromosomal defects and embryonic development problems.
Researchers found that inmates who reflected on their time in prison showed increased trust and reciprocity towards the outside world. A structured conversation intervention was found to be effective in promoting positive rehabilitation and social reintegration after release.
Researchers at Princeton University found measurable similarities in baby and adult brain activity during natural play, showing that babies' brains are 'on the same wavelength' as adults', leading to a feedback loop of influence between their brains.
A new study published in JAMA Oncology finds that lack of insurance coverage is a major cause of delayed breast cancer screening and treatment among minority women. The research highlights the need for adequate health insurance to reduce racial outcome disparities in breast cancer.
The International Vaccine Institute (IVI) has received a $1.4 million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to develop international standards for oral cholera vaccine manufacturing. This will enable multiple manufacturers to produce low-cost vaccines, meeting global demand and ensuring uniform efficacy.
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg has received a €1.7 million grant from the DFG to establish a Beyond 5G lab, focusing on rapid wireless data transfer and innovative system concepts. The lab will develop a unique measuring platform for millimetre-waves and terahertz communication systems.
A new University of Guelph study finds that BPS can hinder heart function, especially in females, with effects occurring within minutes of exposure. The study's findings raise concerns about the safety of BPS as a replacement for BPA and suggest banning it from consumer products.
Researchers at MLU and Georg August University Göttingen discovered a gene responsible for tyloma, an interdigital hyperplasia affecting up to 60% of German cattle. The disease can lead to tears in skin, bacterial infections, and shortened lifespans.
Scientists have developed a non-fibrillating form of human insulin called glycoinsulin, which demonstrates the same glucose-lowering effects as native insulin without fibril formation. This discovery presents a promising solution for patients relying on insulin pumps and could improve the shelf life of insulin products.
A new study found that cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and coronary heart disease, are each linked with a higher risk of developing kidney failure. Adults hospitalized with heart failure had an 11.4-times higher risk of developing kidney failure than individuals without cardiovascular disease.
Researchers used ancient marine fossils to fingerprint temperature and carbon levels of seawater during the middle Miocene Climate Optimum. The study found that massive volcanic eruptions triggered a decline in ocean pH, leading to increased sea-levels and flooding.
Researchers found that retailer-themed super saver events (ReTSS) increase retailer visits and purchases, particularly among non-primary customers and hard-discount shoppers. The events' use of a common savings theme leads to a substantial lift in consumer behavior, but with smaller baskets and null effect on profit.
A new report from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center highlights the emotional toll of pediatric chronic conditions on families. The Roadmap Initiative, launched in 2017, provides a set of tools and resources for pediatricians to improve emotional health support, including strengths-based cognitive-behavioral therapy and mind...
A UK-wide trial has started recruiting patients for a three-year study on preventing falls in people with Parkinson's disease, led by the Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol. The trial will test whether a commonly prescribed dementia drug can prevent debilitating falls and improve patients' qu...
Researchers have identified a potential new treatment for chronic pain caused by burns, targeting PAK1 molecule. The discovery of Romidepsin, an existing cancer drug, provides a promising avenue for re-purposing to treat long-lasting complications.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports found that simple leaf wounding in plants can increase the production of healthier organic fruit. The research team discovered that stress responses created in the fruits and vegetables lead to an increase in antioxidant compounds prior to harvest, making them healthier for human consumption.
Researchers analyzed genome-scale data from male adolescents to understand changes in stem cells during puberty. They found that testosterone is crucial for maintaining mature testis development, and disruptions can lead to infertility and increased risk of testicular cancer.
A research team at Washington University in St. Louis found that dissolved organic compounds can trigger the mobilization of arsenic in recharged aquifers. When oxygen is introduced into the aquifer, it triggers oxidative dissolution of sulfide minerals, releasing arsenic into the water.
Researchers developed molecular factories by combining natural vesicles with synthetic organelles, demonstrating no toxicity in animal models. These factories can produce complex structures and assembled molecules, paving the way for artificial cells in laboratory or living organisms.
Researchers developed an automated glucagon delivery system to treat post-bariatric hypoglycemia, reducing the risk of unpredictable low blood sugar levels. The closed-loop system, comprising a CGM and glucagon pump, provides patients with a safe and reliable treatment option.
Scientists have developed a 'bilingual' molecule that combines DNA and protein codes, enabling communication between nucleic acids and proteins. The molecule holds potential for diagnostics, gene therapy, and drug delivery targeted to specific cells.
Researchers found that DEHP disrupts meiosis in worms, leading to defects during egg formation and early embryonic development. The chemical causes excessive DNA breaks and interferes with the system that repairs them, resulting in abnormal chromosomes and reduced embryo viability.
A Rutgers study found nearly 25% of autistic children under age 8 were not diagnosed, highlighting disparities in diagnosis rates for black and Hispanic youth. Researchers suggest screening all toddlers and using patient navigators can help reduce these gaps in care.
A study led by Professor Halvor Sommerfelt found that kangaroo mother care increased the chance of survival among low-birth-weight infants by 30% in the first month and 25% in the first six months. This intervention is considered easy and inexpensive.
Researchers developed an AI system that tracks evolving online conversations to spot online trolling. The GloVe model discovers new and relevant keywords to reveal clusters of terms used in #MeToo discussions.
A 2018-2019 survey of rural US adults highlighted health care costs and access as major concerns. The study also found a growing addiction to opioids in the region.
Researchers at CNIO have identified a potential effective treatment for sarcomatoid mesothelioma, the most aggressive type of asbestos cancer, using two existing drugs in combination. The study found that blocking MEK and PI3K pathways reduces the growth and invasiveness of mesothelioma cells in mice.
Researchers have developed artificial cells capable of decomposing hydrogen peroxide and generating oxygen, as well as implementing a rudimentary chemical signalling pathway between the cells. The new protocells use a combination of synthetic and biological catalysts to create multi-functional activity.
Researchers at Michigan State University have developed a new method to predict crop traits using plant RNA data from 2-week-old corn seedlings. The approach outperforms traditional genetic marker-based methods and provides additional information not available from DNA alone.
Researchers used a genomics tool to analyze twins' gut microbial strains before and after separating. They found that certain strains remained stable over time, even after years of living apart. The study suggests the possibility of shared microbes between non-cohabitating twins for decades.
The NEID instrument has made its first observations, detecting the subtle effect of exoplanets on their parent stars. With a precision three times better than previous instruments, NEID aims to determine the masses of exoplanets as small as Earth and characterize their atmospheres.
Researchers used genetic testing to identify a common genetic factor among affected families, revealing a homozygous multiexon duplication in RYR2 gene. Genetic testing confirmed the same gene duplication in two unrelated Amish families, allowing for potential lifesaving premarital counseling and reproductive planning
Scientists have observed the ultrafast reaction of nanobubbles in helium droplets after extreme ultraviolet radiation (XUV) excitation. The findings help understand how nanoparticles interact with energetic radiation and decay, essential information for directly imaging individual nanoparticles.
A University of Seville study links African spring growth to photoperiod, not rainfall. Researchers found a combination of factors influences vegetation seasonality, with sunlight hours the most critical factor.
The new ACMG Points to Consider document provides a comprehensive framework for the safe and effective use of fetal exome sequencing in prenatal diagnosis. The guidelines address concerns around turnaround time, variant reporting, and patient consent, aiming to improve patient care and reproductive choices.
Scientists developed a new screening platform that identified a set of drug-like compounds, including an ingredient in sore throat lozenges, capable of protecting brain cells' mitochondria from damage. The findings provide hope for developing new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and ALS.
A study of seven US wastewater treatment plants found that granular activated carbon and ozonation can effectively remove pharmaceuticals like antidepressants and antibiotics. The technologies reduced the concentration of these medicines by more than 95%.
A survey study assessed Californians' opinions on two proposals: an amnesty program for high-capacity magazines and a five-year gun ban for repeat DUI offenders. The majority supported the first proposal, but were divided on the second.
A study found that lynx reintroduction in Europe led to changes in deer behavior, with humans influencing their day-night rhythm. Deer reduced daylight movements by 1.37 when faced with human disturbances, while the presence of lynx increased daytime activity.
Researchers at UNH have reported the first structural model of PDE6 enzyme and its activating protein, offering clues for new therapeutic interventions to manage retinal diseases. The study's findings could lead to improved treatments for genetically inherited eye diseases like retinitis pigmentosa and night blindness.
A new blood test has been developed to measure microRNAs in children's blood, which can indicate sufficient or inadequate sleep. This test may provide a more reliable metric for assessing sleep hygiene and predicting susceptibility to various health conditions.
A recent observational study found a significant increase in electric scooter-related injuries and hospital admissions in the US from 2014 to 2018. The study highlights concerns about public safety and the need for regulatory measures to mitigate these risks.
Global glaucoma burden is higher in men than women, with DALY rates decreasing from 1990 to 2017. Sex differences are also influenced by age and socioeconomic status.
A research team at UC Riverside has received a four-year NIH grant to investigate luminal B breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer, with the goal of improving early detection and patient survival. The project aims to develop resources and training programs for diverse therapeutics researchers.
Researchers have identified hundreds of new viral diseases in insects, including those with negative strand RNA genomes that cause Ebola and measles. The discovery expands the database of known viruses, enabling scientists to investigate cases of rare illnesses in humans more effectively.
Dr. Rakesh Pilkar is developing a novel system called SMARTq to monitor true muscle responses to neuromuscular stimulation in individuals with spinal cord injury and complete spinal cord injuries. The tool aims to improve functional outcomes by tailoring stimulation protocols.
A recent study found that 73% of meat eaters consider veganism ethical, while 70% believe it's good for the environment. However, many respondents (60%) find veganism impractical due to taste, price, and convenience concerns. Attitudes towards vegetarianism are more positive across most counts.
A new study in Nature Communications documents a previously undocumented relationship between erosion and wind speed in the Gobi Desert, revealing that changes in landscape can exacerbate extreme conditions. The research found that wind erosion heated up the air within the depression, increasing wind speeds by up to 25 percent.
Hemodialysis patients who used an online patient portal were more likely to receive a donor kidney transplant and reduce wait times compared to non-users. The study found that active users logged into the portal at least once every two months had shorter wait times for transplantation.
The ENSO heat engine is shifting eastward under global warming, leading to changes in global climate variations during ENSO years. This shift may also accelerate the decay of El Niño events after their peak phase, shortening their duration.
A new study has found that metal particles from brake pads can cause inflammation and reduce the ability of immune cells to kill bacteria, similarly to diesel exhaust. Brake dust is estimated to contribute up to 20% of total PM2.5 traffic pollution.
A study at University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center showed a potential new approach to treating follicular lymphoma and DLBCL through manipulation of molecular programs controlled by CREBBP. Inhibition of HDAC3 restores immune programs lost as a result of CREBBP mutations, paving the way for immunotherapy approaches.
A recent study by Hebrew University researchers found that smoking is associated with increased rates of clinical depression among students, with depressed smokers experiencing twice to three times higher rates of depression as non-smokers. Smoking also leads to lower mental health scores, including vitality and social functioning.
Researchers identified three states in a spaghetti strand's evolution: sagging, settling, and curling. The model accurately replicates the behavior of a noodle, potentially valuable for the food production industry and food science community.