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Science News Archive 2021 - Page 134


Page 134 of 510

Coconut tree cloning breakthrough will help propagation and preservation

Researchers at KU Leuven and the Alliance of Bioversity International have developed a method to multiply coconut trees faster and store them more efficiently in gene banks. This technique allows for the preservation of coconut shoots for eternity through cryopreservation, ensuring the long-term conservation of genetic diversity.

SourceThe Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture·JournalScientific Reports·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 15, 2021

Study reveals rates of the most common form of liver cancer are rising in rural areas while slowing in urban areas

The most common form of liver cancer is on the rise in rural areas, with men aged 60-69 and non-Hispanic Blacks disproportionately affected. Urban areas, however, have seen a decline in HCC rates since 2013, including among younger individuals and certain ethnic groups.

SourceUniversity of Southern California - Health Sciences·JournalClinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 15, 2021

Scientists pretend to be Neanderthals to explore how they caught birds in caves for food

Researchers used a 'role-play' approach to study how Neanderthals caught choughs in caves. They found that the birds were vulnerable to artificial light and could be caught using nets or by hand. The findings suggest that catching birds was another skill of Neanderthals, which is surprising given their intelligence and adaptability.

SourceFrontiers·JournalFrontiers in Ecology and Evolution·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 15, 2021

Stem cells model genetic risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease

Researchers used human-induced stem cells carrying different versions of the APOE gene to study their interaction with neurons and astrocytes. The study found that astrocytes carrying the AD-associated APOE4 gene released more cholesterol, which led to increased beta-amyloid production in neurons.

SourceDGIST (Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology)·JournalStem Cell Reports·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 15, 2021
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

COVID-19 slows birth rate in US, Europe

A new study found that COVID-19 led to a significant decline in births across high-income countries, with the strongest declines observed in southern Europe, while northern Europe showed little impact. The researchers attribute this variation to differences in economic disruption and social support policies.

SourceCornell University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateSep 15, 2021

ALMA reveals carbon-rich, organic birth environments of planets

A study using ALMA revealed that protoplanetary disks around five young stars are factories of organic molecules, including nitriles implicated in the origins of life. The discovery provides insights into planetary system formation and whether these systems have what it takes to host life.

SourceNational Radio Astronomy Observatory·JournalThe Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series·DateSep 15, 2021

Typhoid vaccine proven safe for infants and young children in Malawi

A new study has shown that a single dose of typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) is safe and 84 percent effective in protecting against typhoid in Blantyre, Malawi. The findings are critical as typhoid is an increasing public health threat across sub-Saharan Africa.

SourceUniversity of Liverpool·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateSep 15, 2021
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

NTU Singapore scientists develop ‘optimal strategies’ computer model that could significantly reduce future COVID-19 infections and deaths

A team of NTU Singapore scientists developed a predictive computer model called NSGA-II, which proposed strategies to reduce COVID-19 infections and deaths by an average of 72%. The model recommended timely and country-specific advice on interventions such as home quarantines and social distancing measures.

SourceNanyang Technological University·JournalSustainable Cities and Society·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 15, 2021

More effective partnerships between medics and dance professionals needed to discover the benefits of dance to health, report finds

Researchers found that dance impacts health in key areas, including sense of identity, belonging, and self-worth. They call for more collaboration with dancers and co-research with participants to better capture the benefits of dance on its own terms.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalInternational Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being·TypeLiterature review·DateSep 15, 2021

Improving career mobility of lower-SES mid-career individuals

A study by SMU Associate Professor Marko Pitesa aims to understand and improve job search skills among mid-career workers from families of lower socioeconomic status. The research highlights the impact of life circumstances, such as social obligations and constraints, on career trajectories and mobility.

SourceSingapore Management University·DateSep 15, 2021
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

Packaging and health warnings are key in discouraging youths from using cannabis

A study by the University of Waterloo suggests that reducing brand imagery and increasing health warnings on cannabis packaging can decrease its appeal to children. The researchers found that products with white backgrounds and limited branding were rated as less harmful and more memorable for warning messages.

SourceUniversity of Waterloo·JournalPreventive Medicine·DateSep 15, 2021
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.

Uveal melanoma discovery points to new treatment possibilities

Researchers identified a crucial epigenetic regulator, PRC1, that contributes to uveal melanoma progression. By inhibiting PRC1, they transformed indolent cells into the more metastatic subtype, highlighting new treatment strategies and challenging current clinical testing methods.

SourceWeill Cornell Medicine·JournalNature Communications·DateSep 15, 2021

Combining melatonin with vancomycin reduces kidney failure

A study found that adding melatonin to vancomycin treatment significantly reduces acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients, alleviating oxidative stress and restoring kidney function. The findings could lead to larger therapeutic breakthroughs and pave the way for further clinical studies.

SourceRutgers University·JournalAntimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 15, 2021

More intensive and personalized strategies may be needed for weight loss

Researchers found that modest weight loss was achieved through financial incentives and environmental changes, but participants felt more guidance would have helped. The study suggests that ongoing support and personalized coaching could lead to better weight loss outcomes.

SourceUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Nursing·JournalJAMA·DateSep 15, 2021

Making musical performances safer in the era of COVID-19

Researchers investigated aerosol production from singing and playing wind instruments to develop recommendations for minimizing COVID transmission. They found that placing a surgical mask reduced plume velocities and lengths, decreasing aerosol concentrations.

SourceAmerican Chemical Society·JournalACS Environmental Au·DateSep 15, 2021
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

New research supports stricter social and economic mandates to reduce COVID-19 spread

A new study by researchers at the University of Waterloo found that stricter non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as policy restrictions on business operations and indoor mask mandates, are associated with reduced COVID-19 cases in Ontario. The study also suggests that increases in workplace attendance correlate with higher case counts.

SourceUniversity of Waterloo·JournalCanadian Public Policy·DateSep 15, 2021

COVID-19 nasal vaccine candidate effective at preventing disease transmission

A new intranasal subunit vaccine has been developed to provide durable local immunity against inhaled pathogens, addressing a significant limitation of existing vaccines. The vaccine elicits comprehensive immunity against SARS-CoV-2 within seven days and is stable for over 11 months, making it suitable for global distribution.

SourceUniversity of Houston·JournaliScience·DateSep 15, 2021

Cotton: Fireproof and comfortable

Researchers at EMPA created a flame retardant cotton textile that retains the natural properties of cotton fibers while providing fireproof and antimicrobial functionalities. The fabric does not contain carcinogenic formaldehyde and can absorb water, maintaining a favorable microclimate on the skin.

SourceSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA)·JournalChemical Engineering Journal·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 15, 2021
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

A statistical fix for archaeology's dating problem

Archaeologists have developed a new statistical approach to overcome the challenges of radiocarbon dating, allowing for more accurate population estimates. The new method uses Bayesian reasoning and flexible probability models to combine radiocarbon dates with additional archaeological information.

SourceSanta Fe Institute·JournalJournal of Archaeological Science·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 15, 2021

Computing the ways of learning by doing

A new study using big data to examine LBD in Singapore's transport gig economy aims to reveal what enables LBD and how it can be promoted. The researchers propose a novel framework to measure individual drivers' productivity and skills, including their ability to anticipate demands and competition.

SourceSingapore Management University·DateSep 15, 2021

World-famous sardine migration explained by genomics

Scientists discovered two distinct sardine populations in South Africa, one adapted to cool-temperate waters and the other to warmer subtropical conditions. The study suggests the Sardine Run may be a relic of spawning behavior dating back to the glacial period.

SourceFlinders University·JournalScience Advances·DateSep 15, 2021

Marching band kids at risk from heat illness

A comprehensive study found that marching band students are at risk of heat-related illnesses due to their physical demands and lack of protective measures. The study analyzed news reports of heat illnesses among band members from 1990 to 2020, revealing nearly 400 cases, including hospitalizations and heat stroke.

SourceUniversity of Georgia·JournalInternational Journal of Biometeorology·DateSep 15, 2021

Milk enabled massive steppe migration

A new study reveals that the Early Bronze Age Yamnaya pastoralists adopted milk drinking, leading to vast steppe expansions across Europe and Asia. Analysis of ancient tartar samples identified a strong correlation between dairy consumption and expansion, with 94% of individuals showing evidence of milk drinking

SourceMax Planck Institute of Geoanthropology·JournalNature·DateSep 15, 2021
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

Scientists discover novel genomic predictor of chemosensitivity in breast cancer

Researchers developed a 25-gene signature predicting breast cancer sensitivity to chemotherapy, showing high accuracy and generalizability across subtypes. The gene signature can help choose optimal treatment strategies and avoid overtreatment.

SourceHefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalFrontiers in Immunology·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 15, 2021

No, stress isn’t always bad. Here’s how to harness it

University of Rochester psychologists train adolescents and young adults to reinterpret their stress response as adaptive, leading to reduced anxiety, improved test scores, and healthier coping mechanisms. The study finds that 'good stress' mindset resets help students perform better under pressure and stay enrolled in classes.

SourceUniversity of Rochester·JournalJournal of Experimental Psychology·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 15, 2021

Test screening for leading infectious cause of hearing loss in babies feasible and well-received

A new saliva test for congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) has been shown to be feasible and well-received by parents, with high uptake and accuracy rates. The test could lead to early diagnosis and treatment of cCMV-related hearing loss and neurodevelopmental disorders.

SourceMurdoch Childrens Research Institute·JournalJournal of Paediatrics and Child Health·TypeObservational study·DateSep 15, 2021
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Experts raise questions about current standards of drug regulation

Using surrogate endpoints to measure new drug efficacy can reduce trial costs and complexity but also makes decisions more challenging for patients and clinicians. Experts call for more selective use of surrogate endpoints in chronic diseases with patient-relevant outcomes.

SourceBMJ Group·JournalThe BMJ·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 15, 2021

Paper: Perception of COVID-19 vulnerability hurts job prospects

A new study found that job seekers' self-perceived risk of catching COVID-19 affects their mental health and job search behaviors. Those who feel less invulnerable to the virus face greater challenges in securing employment, highlighting the need for accommodations and transparency from employers.

SourceUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, News Bureau·JournalJournal of Applied Psychology·TypeSurvey·DateSep 15, 2021

Planets form in organic soups with different ingredients

Astronomers have mapped out the chemicals inside planetary nurseries with unprecedented detail, revealing dozens of molecules within five protoplanetary disks. The locations of these molecules vary dramatically across each disk, resulting in diverse chemical environments that may impact planetary formation and potential for life.

SourceCenter for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian·JournalThe Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series·DateSep 15, 2021

Aquarium-led landmark study finds some shark species are tougher than others when it comes to surviving catch and release

A new five-year study found that some shark species, like sandbar and tiger sharks, have low mortality rates after being caught and released, while others, like blacktip and spinner sharks, face higher mortality rates. The study's findings are crucial for sustainably managing shark populations.

SourceNew England Aquarium·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeObservational study·DateSep 15, 2021
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

Pregnancy intentions following COVID-19 outbreak

The study examines changes in pregnancy intentions among women following the COVID-19 outbreak. Women's reproductive healthcare and family planning were significantly impacted by the pandemic, with many experiencing increased stress, anxiety, and decreased access to reproductive health services.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateSep 15, 2021

Downtime at the nerve cell’s protein factories

Research reveals how genetic mutations in aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases cause CMT by halting protein production and inducing integrated stress response. The study's findings provide new avenues for therapies against the disease.

SourceMax Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association·JournalNucleic Acids Research·TypeImaging analysis·DateSep 15, 2021
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Coconut tree cloning breakthrough will help propagation and preservation

Scientists at KU Leuven developed a method to multiply coconut trees faster and store them more efficiently, preserving genetic diversity and meeting the demand for coconuts. The technique allows thousands of new specimens with the same genetic profile to be obtained, offering potential for coconut plantations worldwide.

SourceKU Leuven·JournalScientific Reports·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 15, 2021

Electrosynthesis: preventing cathodic corrosion

Researchers at Mainz University have conducted a literature review on cathodic corrosion in electrosynthesis, highlighting the need for new materials and methods to prevent electrode dissolution. The team aims to develop a method to generate plastic precursors from agricultural waste using electrosynthesis.

SourceJohannes Gutenberg Universitaet Mainz·JournalChemical Reviews·DateSep 15, 2021

Atmosphere and caring teachers at special schools more important to parents of children with SEN than educational standards, study shows

A study found that parents prioritize atmosphere and teacher approach over academic standards when selecting a special school for their child. High-quality inclusive education provision means a sense of belonging, social acceptance, and individualized curriculum. Only a minority reported experiencing 'hard choice' due to limited options.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalEuropean Journal of Special Needs Education·TypeSurvey·DateSep 15, 2021
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

An explosive Cosmic Chinese Conundrum - a hot detective story from a very cold case: HKU astrophysicists solve a 900-year-old mystery, giving an ancient Chinese guest star of AD 1181 a place to stay and rest

HKU astrophysicists identify historical supernova of AD 1181 with recent discovery of 'Parker's star' and its surrounding nebula Pa30. The team found the event matches ancient Chinese reports within 3.5 degrees, providing a firm historical basis for the rare Type Iax designation.

SourceThe University of Hong Kong·JournalThe Astrophysical Journal Letters·DateSep 15, 2021

New algorithmic approach predicts strong leaders

A new algorithmic approach predicts strong leaders by analyzing shared traits and attributes associated with effective leadership. The study identifies liberators and explorers as the most effective leaders, while media celebrities are seen as lacking in leadership qualities.

SourceCarnegie Mellon University·JournalThe Leadership Quarterly·DateSep 15, 2021
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Astrophysicists identify large reservoirs of precursor molecules necessary for life in the birthplaces of planets

Researchers found significant reservoirs of large organic molecules in protoplanetary disks, providing a potential pathway for life to form elsewhere. The presence of these molecules suggests basic chemical conditions that led to life on Earth could exist more widely across the Galaxy.

SourceUniversity of Leeds·JournalThe Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 15, 2021

Lasers light up neutron generation for radiography

Researchers from Osaka University have developed a laser-driven neutron source that can generate fast neutrons in short bursts, enabling rapid imaging. The technique was used to detect hazardous substances in batteries and images materials like boron carbide.

SourceOsaka University·JournalApplied Physics Express·TypeImaging analysis·DateSep 15, 2021
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.