Researchers at the University of Utah have developed a new technique to analyze magnetofossils, which can reveal information about past climates. The method uses FORC measurements to identify giant magnetofossils, allowing scientists to study ocean responses to past climate changes.
A national survey found that four-fifths of US physicians believe significant disabilities are associated with worse quality of life. The study highlights the need for medical education to include training on disability and awareness of unconscious bias.
Physicists have developed a new material for water desalination that can accelerate evaporation up to 2.5 times and detect hazardous substances. The material, made of titanium dioxide nanoparticles decorated with gold nanoclusters, absorbs light across the entire visible spectrum, converting it into heat.
Researchers from University of Southern Denmark analyze fragments of a tibia, femur, and mummified foot attributed to the apostles, finding the femur dates back to AD 214-340, not St. James' time, casting doubt on their authenticity. The study sheds light on early Christian traditions and practices surrounding relic movements.
A research project led by Goethe University is investigating the role of skills and education in mobility among East Asian countries. The team will collect qualitative data on professionals from China, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, and Vietnam, and conduct quantitative research to test a theory developed from qualitative findings.
A new study by Professor Tim Thornton strengthens claims that King Richard III was involved in the murder of his nephews, known as 'the Princes in the Tower'. The research, published in History, suggests that credible sources confirm Richard III's guilt in the high-profile royal disappearance.
Life expectancy at birth in the UK slowed significantly around 2011 compared to other EU countries, while years of good health decreased. The decline is attributed to austerity measures, increased mortality rates from seasonal influenza and extreme temperatures.
Researchers discover ultra-strongly coupled superconductivity in a trilayer graphene sandwich, exhibiting more robust superconductivity than its bilayer counterpart. The team can tune the material's superconductivity using external electric fields, opening new avenues for quantum information and sensing technologies.
A large observational study found that taking terazosin for enlarged prostate is associated with a reduced risk of developing Parkinson's disease. Men taking terazosin were 12-37% less likely to develop the disease compared to those taking tamsulosin, according to the study published in JAMA Neurology.
A research team at KAIST has developed a highly deformable ceramic piezoelectric material that can convert mechanical stimuli into electrical signals. The material's elastic strain limit is three times greater than that of bulk zinc oxide, making it suitable for advancing high-performing haptic technology.
New estimates suggest that Western Europe experienced unmatched dust storms during the coldest periods of the latest ice age. The research, published in Quaternary Science Reviews, challenges the long-held assumption that China was the dustiest region on Earth during this time period.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have designed a new type of rechargeable battery that combines the performance merits of solid-oxide fuel cells and metal-air batteries. The salt battery can significantly extend the range of electric vehicles while being fully recyclable, environmentally-friendly, low-cost, and safe.
A team of researchers discovered that Tiktaalik roseae, a transitional fossil between fish and tetrapods, exhibited sliding joints in its skull that allowed for cranial kinesis, enabling the animal to expand its mouth and create suction. This adaptation is thought to have evolved in aquatic species before being adapted for use on land.
Researchers at Rice University and Los Alamos National Laboratory have discovered a technology to make electron sources from halide perovskite thin films, efficiently converting light into free electrons. The cost savings come from abundant and inexpensive raw materials and a simpler manufacturing process.
Researchers at Swansea University developed the Play Cycle Observation Method to study children's play. The new tool has been tested with three-year-olds, demonstrating its reliability as a child-centred observational tool, and has shown promising results for supporting various stages of children's play.
A novel metabolic gatekeeper mechanism for leukemia has been discovered by Yale researchers, highlighting the importance of glucose and energy supply in leukemic transformation. High expression levels of PON2 enable glucose uptake activity in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells, leading to a more aggressive course of disease.
Penn State researchers found that summer temperatures and precipitation influence honey bee winter survival. The study developed a tool for forecasting winter survival probability using growing degree days and other environmental variables. This prediction model can help beekeepers make informed management decisions.
A recent meta-analysis published in Anaesthesia found that COVID-19 intensive care mortality has continued to decline since the start of the pandemic, with a relative decrease of around one third from March to May 2020. However, the pace of progress has slowed substantially, with improvements plateauing between June and October 2020.
Researchers create more detailed record of global temperature during early Paleozoic era, revealing temperature variations coinciding with shifts in planet's biodiversity. The new timeline is based on analysis of carbonate muds, which preserve signatures of their original surrounding temperature.
A new study finds that climate warming reduces the impact of summer monsoons on streamflow in the Colorado River Basin. Monsoonal rains normally deliver 18% of the basin's water and produce 10% of annual streamflow, but a warmer future with less snow accumulation will diminish this effect.
Researchers found that Lactobacillus bacteria use enzymes to manipulate bile acids, creating a favorable gut environment. The type of bile acid and the presence of specific enzymes affect the toxicity of the acids and bacterial survival.
Researchers from Skoltech and international partners study crystal structure and optical properties of new two-dimensional compounds for energy conversion. The study used advanced imaging equipment to analyze the material's structure, leading to potential improvements in photocatalytic activity.
Researchers have discovered that toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems play a crucial role in plasmid replication and bacterial antibiotic resistance. The presence or absence of plasmids significantly impacts a bacterium's ability to cause infection.
A new study improves a computer modelling system to predict the impact of ozone on soybean production, estimating damage at 10% yield reduction for normal ozone levels and less than half that for extreme levels. The research aims to inform policy decisions to limit surface ozone levels.
A recent study published in Microplastics and Nanoplastics journal concludes that marine litter in coastal systems has remained constant since 2019, with some components showing a decrease. The steady state scenario raises questions about the transfer of plastic litter to remote areas or degradation into smaller fragments.
The February edition of SLAS Discovery explores the use of hit discovery methodologies and technologies in both small molecule and large molecule drug discovery. The issue features nine articles of original research, including those on high-throughput screening, mass spectrometry, and AI-driven screening.
A recent study from Oregon State University found that children with autism experience a significant decline in physical activity between ages 9 and 13. The study suggests that interventions targeting this age range can help maintain healthy rates of physical activity. The research also highlights the importance of physical activity fo...
Researchers at NC State University developed a new approach to design photonic devices, controlling light direction and polarization from thin-film LEDs. This technology paves the way for lighter, more efficient VR and AR headsets with improved efficiency and clearer views of the real world.
The February edition of SLAS Technology features a special collection on Artificial Intelligence in Process Automation, highlighting its applications in drug discovery, automated gene editing, and machine learning. The issue also celebrates the top 10 most-cited articles within the journal's history.
Researchers used game theory to optimize PPE stock management during the COVID-19 pandemic. They found that strategic allocation of resources can reduce shortages and improve public health outcomes.
Researchers at University of Göttingen and Frankfurt have developed an approach to detect fake news in the stock market. The new method uses machine learning and linguistic characteristics to identify suspicious messages, making it harder for scammers to evade detection.
Researchers at OIST created a tiny setup with two microscopic cylinders to study fluid path selection around obstacles. The results revealed that the central gap size determines the fluid's choice between three available paths, offering insights into fluid transport in real-world systems.
Researchers have identified stable antimicrobial peptides as a potential solution to address citrus greening, a major threat to the global citrus industry. Multiple SAMP injections into infected trees increased tree growth, reduced bacterial levels and prevented disease symptoms.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology developed a new method using easily assembled gold nanoparticles to rapidly understand molecular mechanisms. This approach streamlines the laborious process of identifying target proteins for bioactive small molecules, which can be used in pharmaceutical treatments.
A study analyzing Reddit posts found that users' language changed three months before a breakup, becoming more personal and informal. This change persisted for six months after the split, while some users lingered in online communities, rehashing their breakup story.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that patients with COVID-19 are twice as likely to die when ICU capacity is strained during peak caseloads. The research team analyzed data from 8,516 COVID-19 patients and found a significant association between ICU patient load and demand and increased mortality rates.
A new 523-gene panel has been developed to diagnose and treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML), identifying more genetic mutations and potential treatment targets. The panel has shown high sensitivity and specificity in detecting AML and has the potential to improve patient outcomes.
A recent study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that defects in mitochondria may contribute to autism spectrum disorder. The researchers introduced a mild missense mutation into a mouse strain and observed impaired social interactions, increased repetitive behaviors, and anxiety-like traits.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have made groundbreaking discoveries about the genome of Wolffia, a miniature aquatic plant that can grow twice as fast as other plants. The study reveals that Wolffia has shed most genes that don't contribute to growth, allowing it to focus on rapid development.
The University of Missouri's eMINTS National Center has received a $3.9 million grant to teach computer coding skills to rural Missouri students. The project will partner with 47 schools in rural Missouri, providing coaching and technological support to teachers.
Research by GIST and Utah State University found that three typhoons in Korea created an atmospheric wave train that amplified weather conditions in California and Oregon, increasing the likelihood of wildfires. The study highlights the global impact of extreme weather events.
A study of indoor ozone chemistry in an occupied house found overall low ozone concentrations but multiple VOCs indicating ozone reactions with skin lipids and other surface chemicals. Volatile oxidation products from skin oil persisted for up to 5 days, suggesting a significant contribution of skin lipids to indoor ozone chemistry
A study reveals five government approaches to address COVID-19 misinformation, including disseminating accurate info, addressing commercial fraud, restricting access to info, spreading disinformation, and criminalizing expression. These tactics have varying effects on public health and human rights.
A new study reveals that errors in chromosome packing may cause B-cell blood cancers. Researchers identified a critical protein called DIS3 that maintains genomic architecture and prevents cancer. The findings could lead to new biomarkers and therapies targeting genome instability.
Researchers have developed a new type of model using synthetic biology to replicate symmetry breakage observed in embryos, enabling the creation of complex structures. The study identified essential parameters that modulate spatial pattern emergence in E. coli, paving the way for understanding embryonic development.
Researchers at Radboud University create a network of single atoms that mimic brain-like behavior and adapt to external stimuli. They plan to scale up the system and explore new materials to build self-learning computing devices.
Researchers found that adding a serving of mushrooms increased micronutrient intake, including potassium and fiber, without affecting calorie, fat, or sodium content. Mushrooms also provided vitamin D, copper, phosphorus, selenium, zinc, and other essential nutrients.
Researchers observed complex magnetic field behavior in a 'radio-loud' magnetar, deviating from previous theories. The findings suggest that the radio pulses originate from loops of magnetic field lines connecting two closely spaced poles.
Research on tsunami generation, propagation, inversion, and warning has made significant progress since the 2004 Sumatra tsunami. Tsunami buoys remain the most reliable way for early warning, while new probabilistic methods offer improved hazard assessments.
UMass Amherst researchers create materials that harness environmental energy to propel themselves, offering a sustainable solution for industries like robotics and toys. The discovery builds on natural phenomena like plant springs and animal movements.
A new study published in CMAJ found that high tibial osteotomy is successful in reducing the need for total knee replacement in younger patients with early-stage knee osteoarthritis. The procedure delays or prevents knee replacement in up to 79% of patients within 10 years.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that mice can extract visual information from nearly 10% of their brain's neurons, making it possible to identify stimuli with high accuracy. The discovery suggests that the brain is a highly efficient machine capable of distributing sensory signals efficiently.
Scientists use low-noise magnetic measurements to detect giant magnetofossils in bulk sediment samples, shedding light on ancient environments and organisms' physiology. The high-coercivity signature identified is consistent with needle-shaped fossils found in sediments, providing new insights into the geological record.
Researchers propose a new theory that predicts the existence of a new force between ordinary and dark matter, making dark matter accessible to forthcoming experiments. The 5-dimensional field equations also predict the existence of a heavy particle with similar properties as the Higgs boson but a much heavier mass.
A study by Ricard Espelt found that digital adoption and professionalized management models enhance scalability and impact of agroecological cooperatives. The research also highlights the role of social media and technological sovereignty in promoting fair trade and cooperation.
Effective field theories offer a unified description of complex systems, including atomic nuclei and biological systems. The collected studies demonstrate the relevance of these ideas to low-energy nuclear processes, paving the way for new advances in this field.
A Northwestern University study found that bacteria on used toothbrushes reflect microbial communities in the mouth and skin, not the toilet. The research, published in Microbiome journal, suggests that microbes from the human body are transferred to toothbrushes through saliva and other bodily fluids.
The new ELSO guidelines provide a practical guide to implementing ECPR and early management following establishment of ECMO support. Children undergoing ECPR generally have better survival rates than adults, but long-term outcomes are limited.
Research examines the role of transforming cardiovascular care in rural clinics, optimizing emergency room use, and successful adoption of virtual care. Studies show that hybrid models can provide more than 30% virtual care after COVID-19 restrictions lift, while also reducing unnecessary ER visits by 55.7%.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology developed a multi-functional separator to trap moisture and impurities in lithium-ion batteries. This breakthrough allows for battery assembly in ambient air, reducing costs and improving performance, with excellent heat resistance and electrochemical stability demonstrated.