Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new method to produce chemicals using bacteria that feed on methanol, a renewable resource. The microbes can efficiently convert methanol into desired biochemical substances, offering a sustainable alternative to fossil-based chemicals.
A small-scale livestock abortion surveillance system in Tanzania revealed insights into potential infectious diseases and their transmission to humans. The study demonstrated the feasibility of such systems in rural areas, highlighting the importance of timely reporting and effective data collection.
China is revolutionizing low-altitude airspace management by integrating unmanned aerial systems (UAS), promoting efficient and safe operations. The country's advancements in UAS technology and regulatory frameworks aim to set international standards for unmanned aviation, transforming the nation's aviation industry.
Researchers discovered that thermophilic fungus Thermomyces dupontii produces a new class of prenylated indole alkaloids through P450 gene fusion. This process facilitates the formation of iron chelators and enables the fungus to survive under cold stress.
Radiologists are proposing actions to reduce their department's greenhouse gas emissions and become more resilient to the effects of climate change. They suggest implementing a coordinated approach, establishing sustainability teams, and optimizing scanner usage to reduce emissions by up to 33% for MRI and CT scans.
Researchers assessed swimming performance and survival under stress to evaluate the effects of three compounds on health and lifespan in Caenorhabditis. The study found complex relationships among median lifespan, oxidative stress resistance, thermotolerance, and mobility vigor.
A new study shines light on the properties of hexagonal boron nitride, a material used in electronic and photonics technologies. The research reveals fundamental energy excitation occurring at 285 millielectron volts, triggering single photons in harmonic electronic states.
University of Michigan researchers have developed a new chemical tool to better understand how chemicals like dopamine interact with neurons. The tool achieves high spatial resolution across the whole brain, enabling the detection of specific cells that respond to neuromodulators.
Researchers developed aerogel-based composite phase change materials (PCMs) to address thermal management, solar-thermal conversion, and microwave absorption issues in electronic devices. The composites showed over 90% absorption of broadband light and converted solar energy into thermal energy with a greater than 95% efficiency.
Researchers develop non-equivalent co-doped strategy to reduce oxygen vacancy defects and improve comprehensive electrical properties of BIT-based high-temperature piezoelectric ceramics. The study reveals a significant enhancement in piezoelectric coefficient, Curie temperature, and resistivity at high temperatures.
A new study by the American Cancer Society highlights the financial impact of a cancer diagnosis on working-age adults, leading to employment disruptions and loss of household income. Nearly 60% of working-age cancer survivors report at least one type of financial hardship.
Researchers assess role of liquid-liquid phase separation drivers in cell division, revealing poor predictive power of established assays. Theoretical models fail to accurately predict protein interactions and localization in the complex cellular environment.
A Concordia PhD candidate argues that tech companies' opaque algorithms for storing and sharing personal content raise questions about selection and representation. An Apple update blocking Holocaust-themed photos in the iPhone Photos app's Memories sparked a debate among users, with some expressing annoyance at being told what to see.
A new study published in eLife recommends taking Paxlovid three to five days after COVID-19 symptoms start to reduce viral loads and transmission. This optimal timing can help curb the spread of SARS-CoV-2 without population-wide restrictions.
A three-step approach is proposed to address global hunger and hidden hunger by focusing on calorie needs, high-quality protein, and emission reduction. The study suggests optimizing crop and livestock cycles, introducing novel foods like insect-based products and lab-grown meats, and enhancing global trade and spatial planning.
Researchers used state-of-the-art imaging techniques to discover the metabolism driving Alzheimer's disease, suggesting new treatment strategies. Lipid droplet metabolism can malfunction in Alzheimer's, leading to a cycle of stress and inflammation that worsens the disease.
A study analyzing Medicare admissions at nearly 2,000 acute care hospitals nationwide found that most hospitals admitted a significantly different proportion of Black fee-for-service Medicare patients compared to the surrounding hospital market. Hospitals admitting fewer Black patients may have lower care quality.
Researchers have developed a magnetic coil array called MagPatch that can stimulate individual neurons with precision. The device uses soft magnetic materials to boost the magnetic field, reducing the need for high current levels.
Therapeutic phages can detect epithelial cells of the human respiratory tract, eliciting proinflammatory responses. Specific phage properties and airway microenvironment influence these responses.
The multicenter study found that the BuMA Supreme stent showed faster re-endothelization with no 'late catch-up' phenomenon compared to the XIENCE stent. This results in decreased dual antiplatelet therapy duration, potentially benefiting patients with coronary artery disease and high bleeding risk.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology developed a new strategy to synthesize 3D π-extended carbohelicenes, overcoming molecular distortions and achieving CPL brightness of up to 513 M–1 cm–1. The study provides a solid groundwork for further research and development of high-performance carbohelicenes.
A new study reveals that gut microbiota significantly impacts host amino acid and glucose metabolism, leading to a second liver-like function. The research identifies specific bacterial metabolic genes responsible for depleting amino acids, which can be targeted to treat conditions such as type 2 diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease.
Researchers successfully created synthetic cells that mimic living cells, paving the way for regenerative medicine and drug delivery innovations. The innovative approach uses programmed DNA sequences to form a cytoskeleton, enabling cells to respond dynamically to environmental changes.
XIE Congxin, a researcher at Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, has made significant progress in improving the energy density of aqueous batteries. He developed a multi-electron transfer cathode based on bromine and iodine with a specific capacity exceeding 840 Ah/L. The full battery test showed an energy density of 1200 Wh/L.
Researchers at Waseda University discovered that pairs of strangers exhibit greater intra-brain synchronization in the theta band compared to acquainted pairs. This finding challenges conventional understanding and highlights the importance of weak social ties in shaping social relationships.
Researchers use artificial intelligence to aid in early screening and prognosis of DED, which affects up to 30% of the world's population. The AI-based system uses images from cell phones to make informed prognoses, contributing to predictive models for DED.
A new study by Loma Linda University reveals that mechanical bull riding is a real public health concern, especially for young riders. The study found that traumatic brain injuries are the most common outcome, and long-term consequences can be severe, including memory issues and learning disabilities.
A large-scale study of 3.9 million children found that COVID-19 vaccination significantly reduced the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization among kids in California. The study suggests that vaccination is an effective strategy to prevent severe COVID-19 cases in pediatric populations.
Researchers at IOCB Prague have developed a novel method for preparing ribonucleic acid (RNA) containing modified bases using engineered DNA polymerases. This opens the door to applications in chemical biology and therapeutic applications, including mRNA drugs.
Researchers built more accurate cardiovascular risk models using machine learning, finding that women are underdiagnosed due to sex-neutral criteria. The study used the UK Biobank dataset and found that electrocardiogram (EKG) tests were most effective in improving detection of cardiovascular disease in both men and women.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University developed a lysin from a bacteriophage that targets Staphylococcus hominis, a key contributor to body odor. The study's results could lead to a new treatment option for axillary odors, a common dermatological disorder.
Researchers found that older adults tend to conserve energy by modifying their movements under certain circumstances. The findings suggest that the effort costs of reaching are a determining factor in slowing movement with age. This research may lead to new tools for diagnosing diseases, including Parkinson's and multiple sclerosis.
Scientists at Zap Energy have achieved a major breakthrough in fusion technology, creating a plasma with electron temperatures of up to 37 million degrees Celsius. The company's sheared-flow-stabilized Z pinch device far exceeds the previous record and offers a promising path to commercial fusion energy.
Scientists developed a new method of gentle defibrillation to control cardiac arrhythmias using low-energy pulses. The approach uses optical light pulses triggered by measured arrhythmic activity, effectively terminating arrhythmias with minimal impact on the heart.
A team of researchers from the University of Delaware developed a forest extent agreement map for Mexico, combining seven remote sensing products and two independent datasets to identify consensus areas of agreement. The study found high agreement in heavily forested areas and disagreement in complex ecological zones.
A recent study by the Smithsonian has pushed back the earliest dated origin of bioluminescence in animals by nearly 300 million years, dating it to around 540 million years ago in marine invertebrates called octocorals. The ability to produce light is involved in various behaviors such as camouflage, courtship, and hunting.
Climate change is exacerbating inequalities and insecurity among migrant women and girls, who account for 80% of all climate displacement. A new international legal framework is needed to address these issues and promote gender-sensitive policies and legislations.
SMART researchers develop a nanosensor that selectively detects salicylic acid in live plants, vital for stress response. The sensor combines sensors for H₂O₂ and salicylic acid, enabling simultaneous monitoring of plant hormones and aiding in early diagnoses to improve crop resilience.
A new study using the James Webb Space Telescope found that the universe's early galaxies developed and matured much faster than previously believed. Almost 20% of disc galaxies observed had bar formations, indicating a more settled stage in galaxy evolution.
A new type of aqueous battery is developed with a specific capacity of over 840 Ah/L and an energy density of up to 1200 Wh/L. The battery uses a mixed halogen solution as the electrolyte, enabling a multi-electron transfer reaction that improves kinetic and reversibility.
Researchers at PNNL have developed a simple, water-based solution to separate and purify rare earth elements from e-waste. The new process uses the unique properties of metals to form solids at different rates, resulting in nearly pure minerals recovered in hours rather than days.
A study found that agastric fish lack specific genes required for gastric functions, such as slc26a9, kcne2, cldn18a, and vsig1. These findings suggest a genotypic convergence where gene losses correlate with stomach loss in various fish lineages.
A recent study analyzed health information on TikTok to identify trends in video quality, finding that nearly half of the videos contained non-factual information. The researchers also found that non-medical influencers were more likely to produce misleading content, which can lead to detrimental health outcomes.
Researchers found that undernourished household contacts were three times more likely to progress to TB disease than well-nourished individuals. The study suggests that undernutrition fails to contain the infection when it occurs, leading to increased risk of severe illness and death.
A team of researchers has identified coral as the oldest bioluminescent organism, with a history spanning over 540 million years. This discovery sheds new light on the evolution of organisms and their interactions with other species during the Cambrian era.
Researchers used laser treatments to transform ordinary cork into a powerful tool for treating oil spills. The laser-treated cork collected oil out of water within 2 minutes and kept water out, making it easier to extract the oil.
The GREENSKY model significantly enhances the energy efficiency of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in cellular networks by optimizing charging behavior and routing processes. This results in a 9.1% reduction in energy consumption compared to traditional heuristic solutions.
A deep learning model estimates ages from non-registered 3D face point clouds using a proposed algorithm. The model recognizes rotational invariance and achieves high accuracy despite transforming faces without changing facial element positions.
Research found that babies born to mothers infected with dengue fever during pregnancy had lower birth weights and a higher risk of extremely low birth weight. Additionally, children whose mothers were infected had a increased risk of hospitalization from birth to age three, particularly in their second year of life.
Researchers have identified seven new Micropsalliota species and one newly recorded species in southern China, resolving previously unresolved phylogenetic relationships. The study provides an updated key for the species distributed in China, highlighting the importance of further investigations into macrofungi in the region.
The study reveals that experienced programmers exhibit brain responses similar to those of fluent readers processing sentences, indicating a strong resemblance between learning computer and natural languages. The research suggests that understanding how people learn to code can be informed by expertise in second-language learning.
Researchers developed swimming short fibrous nasal drops to deliver LRRK2 inhibitors directly to the brain, inhibiting microglial inflammation and improving synaptic plasticity. The treatment alleviated cognitive dysfunction caused by sepsis-associated encephalopathy.
A new digital tool, KDpredict, developed by University of Calgary scientists can more accurately predict the risks of kidney failure and death in adults with moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease. The tool uses four variables readily available in clinic practice to calculate one-to-five year risks of kidney failure and death.
Researchers identified four genetic variants associated with increased type 2 diabetes risk in childhood cancer survivors. The findings also showed that polygenic risk scores derived from diverse ancestry datasets were more informative in assessing diabetes risk in survivors of both European and African ancestries, highlighting the imp...
Ancient marine plankton communities showed subtle changes before major extinctions, serving as an early warning system for future ocean life loss. These findings offer new insight into how biodiversity responds to global warming and its relevance to worst-case scenarios.
Viable microbes detected down to depths of 4.20 meters, expanding understanding of desert biodiversity and search for life on other planets.
A team of researchers calls for a logging loophole to be remedied within the Great Koala National Park to prevent harmful outcomes for the South East Australian koala population. The proposed park must also consider the integrity of its broader reserve habitat system and be accorded World Heritage status.
A large French study found a link between chronic exposure to certain emulsifiers and increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The researchers analyzed data from over 104,000 adults and observed an association with several emulsifiers.
A study from Medical University of Vienna reveals a new molecular signaling pathway crucial to liver cancer development, offering potential new therapeutic targets. The research also identifies the c-Jun/Fra-2 complex as essential in triggering tumour growth.
A study by the Sant Pau Research Institute reveals a significant increase in non-lethal suicidal behaviors after the COVID-19 lockdown in Catalonia. The results show a 50.77% rise in ideation or suicide attempts survived, with increases among women and minors under 18.