The ARC Centre of Excellence for Experimental Particle Physics at the Terascale will probe particle interactions at higher energies, revealing secrets about the early stages of the universe after the big bang. Scientists hope to discover elusive Higgs Boson particles and new physics such as extra dimensions and super symmetry.
Researchers detect signal from the Epoch of Reionization, a period 13 billion years ago when the universe was dark and hydrogen gas dominated. The discovery provides insights into how the first galaxies formed and evolved, shedding light on the early universe's history.
Astronomers at Yale University have discovered that small red dwarfs are much more prolific than previously believed, increasing the total number of stars in the universe. The discovery found 20 times more red dwarfs in elliptical galaxies than in the Milky Way, with potential implications for galaxy formation and evolution.
Elliptical galaxies are found to contain five to ten times as many red dwarfs as thought, with implications for galaxy formation and evolution. The discovery could lead to a reevaluation of dark matter in these galaxies.
Researchers found five to ten times more massive galaxies existed 1.5 billion years after the Big Bang, with high infrared luminosities indicating intense growth and activity, challenging current understanding of galaxy formation.
Astronomers Andrey Kravtsov and Nick Gnedin's simulations reveal why galaxies were less efficient at making stars in the early universe. The team's model explains the connection between dust, gas, and star formation, shedding light on the evolution of spiral galaxies.
Researchers have successfully trapped and studied anti-hydrogen atoms using the ALPHA experiment. The findings shed light on the structure and composition of anti-matter, a key to understanding why matter dominates the Universe.
A European team of astronomers has confirmed that the UDFy-38135539 galaxy is the most remote object identified so far in the Universe. By analyzing its light's redshift, they found that it was seen just 600 million years after the Big Bang, providing valuable insights into the era of reionisation and galaxy formation.
Scientists have found the largest known galaxy cluster at a staggering 7 billion light-years away, holding hundreds of galaxies. This discovery provides crucial insights into dark energy's influence on cosmic structure growth.
A team of astronomers has discovered that young galaxies can grow by sucking in cool streams of hydrogen and helium gas, forming new stars. This process, known as accretion, provides a gentler alternative to galaxy mergers, which are thought to be the primary mechanism for galaxy growth.
Researchers recreated a miniature event at the universe's origins using Einstein's E=mc2 equation and the Large Hadron Collider. Dr. Andreas Warburton and his team are searching for exotic new particles, which could help complete or contradict the Standard Model of Particle Physics.
Distant galaxies in the early Universe are creating 1,000 new stars per year, exceeding our galaxy's star formation rate. These galaxies contain enormous amounts of raw material for new stars, suggesting a higher gas content than previously thought.
Physicist Adilson E. Motter and colleague Katrin Gelfert show that chaos is absolute in the universe's early expansion, disagreeing with previous studies' relative views. The study implies that the early universe experienced erratic changes between red- and blue-shift directions, confirming chaotic behavior.
Astronomers discovered that the first super-massive black holes formed when galaxies collided and merged together, contrary to hierarchical structure formation. These simulations reveal details of the merged galaxies on a scale of less than a light year.
Using gravitational lensing, researchers probe elusive dark energy for the first time, improving current measurements of mass and energy content. The results narrow the range of estimates about dark energy's effect on the universe by 30 percent.
Researchers use gravitational lensing in galaxy cluster Abell 1689 to study the properties of dark energy. The distortion induced by lensing allows them to reconstruct light paths and understand its effect on space geometry.
Radio astronomers have developed a new technique for studying dark energy by mapping large-scale cosmic structures. This method, called intensity mapping, allows them to accumulate radio waves emitted by hydrogen gas in vast volumes of space, revealing insights into the nature of dark energy and its impact on the Universe's evolution.
A team of scientists has developed a method to correct the irregularities in pulsar spin rates, enabling them to serve as more accurate clocks. This breakthrough could help detect gravitational waves, which are believed to exist but have yet to be directly observed.
Charles Steidel receives the 2010 Cosmology Prize for his revolutionary studies of distant galaxies, opening a direct observational window to the universe's early age. His work has allowed us to witness the dramatic transformation galaxies undergo throughout their lives.
UC Riverside physicists involved in the international DZero collaboration have discovered significant violation of matter-antimatter symmetry in B-mesons decays, resulting in a 1% excess of muon pairs over antimuon pairs. This finding points to new physics phenomena that may explain the universe's dominance of matter over antimatter
Researchers explore cosmic microwave radiation as favored method to detect primordial gravitational waves, offering a potentially new probe of early universe cosmology. The discovery could provide a dramatic new window on the origin and evolution of the universe.
Art McDonald, a world-renowned expert in nuclear and particle physics, has been awarded the 2010 Killam Prize for his groundbreaking work on neutrinos. His research at Queen's Sudbury Neutrino Observatory led to a deeper understanding of neutrino properties and their effects in the early universe.
Theoretical physicist Nikodem Poplawski proposes that our universe could be born from the interior of an Einstein-Rosen bridge (wormhole) within a black hole, potentially resolving issues with the Big Bang theory and black hole information loss. This model may also explain cosmic inflation.
A massive galaxy in the early Universe created stars like our sun at a rate equivalent to 250 suns per year, researchers say. The team observed four star-forming regions within the galaxy, each over 100 times brighter than similar regions in the Milky Way.
Astronomers have discovered two ancient supermassive black holes that provide insight into the universe's early evolution. The objects lack characteristic signatures of hot dust, suggesting they formed in a dust-free medium at the earliest stages of universe formation.
Theoretical results suggest that small blocks of matter on a desktop could reveal elusive properties of dark matter particles. Researchers propose using topological insulators to detect the axion, a theoretical particle thought to make up a quarter of the universe.
A team led by Charles L. Bennett will build an instrument to measure cosmic microwave background radiation, searching for unique polarization patterns that could confirm the 'inflation' theory. The five-year project is expected to create 39 full-time jobs and support further research.
A team of researchers has analyzed over 70,000 galaxies to test two modified gravity theories that aim to explain dark matter's effects on the universe. The study found that one theory, TeVeS, can be excluded due to large uncertainty in measurements, while another theory, f(R), still allows for exclusion of dark energy with current data.
A galaxy study confirms the validity of general relativity on a cosmic scale, with the existence of dark matter as the most likely explanation for observed phenomena. The study rules out alternative theories of gravity, including tensor-vector-scalar gravity and f(R), which fail to predict the observed galaxy clustering and distortion.
A new study led by Alexander Kashlinsky at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center reveals that a collective motion dubbed the 'dark flow' persists to much greater distances -- as far as 2.5 billion light-years away.
Scientists have discovered a relic star from the early universe, which has a remarkably similar chemical composition to the Milky Way's oldest stars. The discovery supports the theory that our galaxy underwent a 'cannibal' phase by swallowing smaller galaxies and other galactic building blocks.
McGill University astrophysicist Matt Dobbs has been awarded a prestigious Sloan Research Fellowship to investigate cosmic microwave background radiation and shed light on the universe's fundamental structures. The $50,000 two-year award supports Dobbs' research on the origins and evolution of the universe.
Researchers at CU-Boulder's Brookhaven National Laboratory collaboration used RHIC to create a 'quark-gluon plasma' with temperatures hotter than supernova explosions, recreating Big Bang conditions. The team aims to study the universe's first microseconds after the Big Bang.
Researchers found that gamma rays originate closer to one light year from black holes than expected, and the jet curves as it travels away from the black hole. This new understanding of blazar jets requires a rethinking of their structure and poses challenges for theorists trying to construct such jets.
Dr Andrew Benson and Dr Nick Devereux's research reveals the evolutionary history of the universe, explaining galaxy shapes and numbers. Their 'Lambda Cold Dark Matter' model suggests that dark matter haloes drive galaxy evolution, with elliptical galaxies resulting from multiple mergers.
Physicists are developing a $278 million neutrino detector to study fundamental mysteries of the universe. The NOvA collaboration, involving 180 scientists from 28 institutions, aims to better understand matter and dark matter, the universe's formation and evolution, and astrophysical events.
The new Hubble image showcases over 12 billion years of cosmic history, from star birth to galaxy assembly. The image combines multiple colors to reveal details about galaxy distances and stellar populations.
Astronomers using Hubble Ultra Deep Field have discovered the most distant galaxies in the universe, dating back 13 billion years. The findings provide key insights into the formation of galaxies and the early universe.
Astronomer Dan Dicken uses Spitzer Space Telescope data to study heat energy from distant active galaxies, aiming to distinguish between starbursts and supermassive black holes. His research could help understand galaxy evolution, co-evolution of black holes and their host galaxies, and the diversity of active galactic nuclei.
Astronomers use VLA to study GRB 090423, a stellar explosion 13 billion light-years away, and discover it was more energetic than typical GRBs. The team also finds that the blast expanded into a uniform gaseous medium surrounding the star, providing unique insights into the early universe.
The neutrino detector will test matter/antimatter symmetry, potentially explaining the universe's matter dominance. Located 4,800 feet underground, the detector will block out most radiation and capture ultraviolet light from charged particles.
BOSS is the largest survey in SDSS-III, measuring 1.4 million galaxies and 160,000 quasars to trace the details of the Universe's expansion history. The observation program will take five years and provide rich insights into cosmic structure and the contents of the Universe.
Vanderbilt University astronomers participate in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) to measure the distance of galaxies and quasars. The team uses 400 simulated universes to test data analysis methods and interpret BOSS's measurements of dark energy.
The Lennart Nilsson Award recognizes Carolyn Porco and Babak A. Tafreshi for their stunning images of Saturn and the night sky, inspiring new generations of astronomers and photographers. Their work showcases the beauty of the universe, from the rings of Saturn to the stars in remote locations.
A team of researchers has created the first full-star simulation of a white dwarf star's final hours leading up to a Type Ia supernova explosion. The simulations, run on supercomputers, provide detailed insights into the process and may be critical in understanding how these massive stellar explosions occur.
The Planck space telescope has returned its first images of the sky, mapping tiny differences in microwave radiation left over from the Big Bang. This improved data will allow scientists to better understand the structure of the universe when it was about 400,000 years old and test theories about cosmic inflation.
Researchers from Penn State and LIGO Scientific Collaboration have put new constraints on the details of the universe's earliest moments, setting limits on gravitational waves that could have come from the Big Bang. The analysis provides vital clues to understanding how the structure of the universe evolved.
A new analysis by LIGO and Virgo Collaborations has set the most stringent limits yet on gravitational waves from the Big Bang, offering insight into the universe's earliest history. The study constrains models of cosmic strings and provides new constraints on the behavior of the infant universe.
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration have set the most stringent limits yet on the amount of gravitational waves that could have come from the Big Bang. The analysis of data taken over a two-year period has constrained current theories about universe formation, including models of cosmic strings and superstrings.
Scientists studying neutrino experiments aim to understand the universe's expansion, Big Bang, and potential for a 'Big Crunch.' These tiny particles' unique properties and behavior are key to unlocking fundamental physics and resolving mysteries like dark matter.
A NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center simulation found that the universe's first black holes grew slowly due to a lack of gas, contrary to expectations. The findings have significant implications for understanding galaxy formation and the role of black holes in shaping the universe.
Recent simulations by astrophysicists reveal that the first black holes in the universe grew slowly and were deprived of gas, contradicting popular theories. The simulations suggest that these early black holes may have played a more complex role in the formation of supermassive black holes observed today.
Researchers measured the motion of stars in a distant galaxy and found they are moving at incredible speeds, contradicting expectations of small galaxy size.
Researchers created a detailed computer simulation of early star formation, revealing the existence of twin stars. The simulations showed that these stars provide seeds for next-generation star formation, helping scientists understand how galaxies formed.
A team of researchers led by UC Riverside astronomer Gillian Wilson has completed the largest ever survey of very distant galaxy clusters. The SpARCS survey detects galaxy clusters using deep optical observations and infrared data from the Spitzer Space Telescope, revealing about 200 new cluster candidates.
The study found that intense heat from early stars and black holes evaporated gas from small clumps of dark matter, rendering them barren. This natural explanation for galaxy formation supports the view that cold dark matter is the best candidate for the mysterious material believed to make up most of the universe.
Researchers will explore dark matter particles and neutrinos at the SNOLAB facility, seeking answers about the universe's building blocks and evolution. The studies aim to make new discoveries, including a rare nuclear decay related to unique neutrino properties.
A Kansas State University professor is studying new theories about the origin and future of life in the universe. He suggests that artificial black holes could play a part in the evolution of life and potentially spread it throughout the galaxy.
A team of astronomers has directly measured the distance to a galaxy, providing a precise tool for unraveling the mystery of Dark Energy. The technique uses water molecules in disks orbiting central black holes to amplify radio waves, enabling measurements up to 160 million light-years away.
Most 'dark' gamma-ray bursts are found to be similar to normal bursts with an afterglow, but with nearly all visible light obscured by patchy dust. This suggests that gamma-ray bursts may help track star formation and death in distant galaxies.