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Rice University


Researchers unzip nanotubes by shooting them at 15,000 mph

Researchers at Rice University have found a way to unzip carbon nanotubes into graphene nanoribbons without using chemicals, by firing them at high speeds. The process works by hitting the nanotubes broadside or lengthwise, resulting in ribbons with ragged edges that can be used for strength and electrical properties.

SourceRice University·JournalNano Letters·DateJun 30, 2014

Water-cleanup catalysts tackle biomass upgrading

Rice University researchers have successfully developed palladium-gold nanocatalysts that convert glycerol, a waste byproduct of biodiesel production, into valuable chemicals. The catalysts produce a 'Goldilocks' effect, striking the perfect balance between palladium and gold to achieve faster conversion rates.

SourceRice University·JournalChemical Science·DateJun 26, 2014

New data bolsters Higgs boson discovery

Researchers from Rice University have found evidence of the direct decay of the Higgs boson to fermions, a fundamental particle in the Standard Model. This finding strengthens the confirmation of the Higgs boson discovery and sets the stage for further exploration of its properties and potential connections to dark matter.

SourceRice University·JournalNature Physics·DateJun 23, 2014

Rice's Thomann wins CAREER grant to study photocatalysis

Isabell Thomann's research focuses on improving photocatalysis, a process that uses light to drive chemical reactions, with a goal of reducing carbon dioxide using sunlight. She will use an ultrafast laser spectroscopy system to study short-lived chemical intermediates and optimize the efficiency and selectivity of chemical reactions.

One step to solar-cell efficiency

Researchers have developed a simple way to etch nanoscale spikes into silicon, allowing more than 99% of sunlight to reach the cells' active elements. The new process reduces costs associated with solar cell production and increases efficiency.

SourceRice University·JournalJournal of Materials Chemistry A·DateJun 19, 2014

Nanoscale composites improve MRI

Researchers have created composite particles that can be injected into patients and guided by magnetic fields, allowing for improved detection of diseases. The nanoconstructs, made up of thousands of iron oxide particles, can be heated to kill malignant tissues or trigger the release of drugs at specific sites.

SourceRice University·JournalAdvanced Functional Materials·DateJun 16, 2014

Many bodies prompt stem cells to change

Researchers use mathematical tool to analyze gene networks and determine transition pathways between steady states, providing insight into how stem cells differentiate. The study builds on previous theories, incorporating the role of protein binding to DNA in gene expression.

SourceRice University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJun 16, 2014

Rice developing mobile DNA test for HIV

Researchers at Rice University have developed a nucleic acid-based test to detect signs of HIV and track viral loads in patients in low-resource settings. The new test, called qRPA, uses recombinase polymerase amplification and can be performed at the site of care, eliminating the need for complex lab equipment.

SourceRice University·JournalAnalytical Chemistry·DateJun 5, 2014

Short nanotubes target pancreatic cancer

Researchers at Rice University have developed customized carbon nanotubes that can deliver chemotherapy agents to pancreatic cancer cells. The nanotubes are small enough to pass through the pores of cancer-related blood vessels, allowing them to target and infiltrate the nuclei of cancerous cells.

SourceRice University·JournalJournal of Materials Chemistry B·DateJun 5, 2014

Quantum criticality observed in new class of materials

Physicists at Rice University have discovered a new class of materials that exhibit quantum criticality, a phenomenon closely related to high-temperature superconductivity. The research provides valuable insights into the behavior of heavy fermion metals, which could lead to a broader understanding of quantum criticality.

SourceRice University·JournalNature Materials·DateJun 4, 2014

Rice University produces carbon-capture breakthrough

Researchers at Rice University have created a porous material that can capture and polymerize carbon dioxide from natural gas at ambient temperature. The material shows promise to replace more costly and energy-intensive processes, enabling the economic production of gas resources with higher carbon dioxide content.

SourceRice University·JournalNature Communications·DateJun 3, 2014

Not all diamonds are forever

Rice chemist Ed Billups and colleagues created nanodiamonds in hydrogenated anthracite coal, but smaller diamonds degraded with subsequent images taken under an electron microscope. The researchers found a window of stability for diamonds within a range of 19-52 angstroms.

SourceRice University·JournalThe Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters·DateMay 22, 2014

No bioengineered gut bacteria, no glory

Rice University synthetic biologist Jeff Tabor is working on a three-year project to engineer probiotic bacteria that can detect disease signals in the gut and prevent diseases such as obesity and depression. The goal is to create an edible probiotic bacterium that can help protect sailors and marines from these health issues.

Two-lock box delivers cancer therapy

Rice University researchers have developed a tunable virus that can target and destroy cancer cells by unlocking only in the presence of two selected proteases. The virus uses peptides to lock its capsid, which is then unlocked by specific enzymes, allowing it to bind to diseased cells.

SourceRice University·JournalACS Nano·DateMay 6, 2014

Graphene only as strong as weakest link

Researchers measured graphene's fracture toughness for the first time, finding it to be significantly lower than its intrinsic strength. The study highlights the importance of fabricating high-quality graphene sheets without defects.

SourceRice University·JournalNature Communications·DateApr 29, 2014

Graphene only as strong as weakest link

Researchers from Rice University and Georgia Tech measured graphene's fracture toughness for the first time, finding it to be somewhat brittle. The study highlights the importance of fabricating high-quality graphene sheets without defects to ensure its structural applications.

SourceRice University·JournalNature Communications·DateApr 29, 2014

Flexible battery, no lithium required

Rice University researchers have created a thin-film battery that combines the best qualities of high-energy batteries and supercapacitors, retaining over 76% of its energy capacity after 10,000 charge/discharge cycles. The flexible device has potential for wearable electronics.

SourceRice University·JournalJournal of the American Chemical Society·DateApr 28, 2014

Nanoreporters tell 'sour' oil from 'sweet'

Rice University scientists have created a nanoscale detector that checks for and reports on the presence of hydrogen sulfide in crude oil and natural gas while they're still in the ground. The detection method is sensitive enough to detect low concentrations, making it an important tool for improving safety and efficiency in oil fields.

SourceRice University·JournalACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·DateApr 22, 2014

Study: Centuries of sand to grow Mississippi Delta

Researchers found that the river's supply of sand, a key ingredient for rebuilding marshlands, will remain constant for at least 300 years. The study suggests that despite reduced sediment loads, the abundance of sand in the lower Mississippi River channel will continue to replenish wetlands.

SourceRice University·JournalNature Geoscience·DateApr 21, 2014

Rice U. study: Performance measures for CEOs vary greatly

A new study by Rice University and Cornell University shows that S\/P 500 companies have tied CEO compensation to performance with varying performance measures. On average, firms rely mostly on accounting-based performance measures, but larger firms and growth-oriented firms tend to use market-based measures.

SourceRice University·JournalReview of Finance·DateApr 16, 2014

Synthetic collagen promotes natural clotting

Researchers at Rice University have developed a synthetic collagen, KOD, that mimics the body's natural collagen to promote natural clotting and heal surgical wounds. Lab tests showed KOD hydrogel traps red blood cells to stop bleeding and binds platelets to form clots, improving upon commercial hemostats.

SourceRice University·JournalBiomacromolecules·DateApr 9, 2014

Synthetic gene circuits pump up cell signals

Researchers at Rice University have designed a sophisticated synthetic genetic circuit that signals increases in the degradation of proteins by the cell's ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS). The Deg-On circuit produces a green fluorescent signal linked to UPS degradation, allowing researchers to monitor proteasomal activity.

SourceRice University·JournalNature Communications·DateApr 8, 2014

Rice U. study: Creativity and innovation need to talk more

A new study by Rice University finds that businesses and academia are not sufficiently integrating creativity and innovation, which requires skillful leadership to maximize benefits. The study proposes 60 research questions and 11 themes for future studies to improve understanding of workplace creativity and innovation.

SourceRice University·JournalJournal of Management·DateApr 8, 2014

Rebar technique strengthens case for graphene

Researchers at Rice University have developed a new hybrid material by combining carbon nanotubes with graphene, resulting in improved electrical and mechanical properties. The 'rebar graphene' technique enables large, flexible, conductive sheets of graphene to be manipulated more easily, making it a potential replacement for indium ti...

SourceRice University·JournalACS Nano·DateApr 7, 2014

Academic workplace bias against parents hurts nonparents too

A new study from Rice University found that university workplace bias against scientists and engineers who use flexible work arrangements may increase employee dissatisfaction and turnover, even for those without children. The research suggests that flexibility stigma can lead to a toxic culture that affects department productivity.

SourceRice University·JournalWork and Occupations·DateMar 31, 2014

Diamonds are an oil's best friend

Rice University scientists have found that a mixture of diamond nanoparticles and mineral oil outperforms other types of fluid in heat transfer applications. The researchers tested the nanofluid at concentrations up to 0.1 percent weight and found significant improvements in thermal conductivity, while maintaining a usable viscosity.

SourceRice University·JournalACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·DateMar 31, 2014

US clean-air efforts stay on target

A Rice University analysis of state implementation plans reveals that most urban areas have met the next benchmark for reducing airborne particulate matter. The study found that PM 2.5 concentrations declined by an average 2.6 micrograms per cubic meter in regions that filed SIPs to attain the standard by 2009.

SourceRice University·JournalJournal of the Air & Waste Management Association·DateMar 27, 2014

Cancer researchers find key protein link

Researchers found a previously unknown binding interface between Bcl-2 and NAF-1 proteins, which could be addressed by medication. The study's findings have implications for treating cancer and age-related diseases.

SourceRice University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMar 27, 2014

Rice U. study: Don't shop for travel at work

A study from Rice University found that consumers who shop for leisure travel during business hours tend to select higher quality hotels but are less satisfied with their stay. Consumers who book earlier and pay in advance also tend to be more satisfied.

SourceRice University·JournalJournal of Marketing Research·DateMar 26, 2014

Rice study: Simple changes to homework improved student learning

A Rice University and Duke University study found that modifying homework procedures improved exam scores without changing the course curriculum. The study used cognitive science principles, including repeated retrieval practice, spacing, and immediate feedback, to develop inexpensive yet effective educational changes.

SourceRice University·JournalEducational Psychology Review·DateMar 18, 2014

Big data tackles tiny molecular machines

Biophysicists at Rice University developed a computational technique that combines genetic and structural data to analyze complex molecular machines. The technique, called DCA, reveals previously unknown details about protein transitions between functional states.

SourceRice University·JournalPhysical Chemistry Chemical Physics·DateMar 14, 2014

Nanotracer tester tells about wells

A Rice University lab has invented a tabletop device to evaluate the efficiency of oil and gas wells by analyzing nanoparticle movement. The device simulates the long path nanoparticles travel through deep rock formations, providing valuable information for producers.

SourceRice University·JournalEnvironmental Science Processes & Impacts·DateFeb 24, 2014

Caps not the culprit in nanotube chirality

Rice University researchers conducted a two-year census of 4,500 possible cap formations for nanotubes, finding that the elastic energy landscapes involved in cap formation do not dictate the nanotube's chirality. Instead, other factors such as catalyst interaction and energy landscape play a crucial role.

SourceRice University·JournalACS Nano·DateFeb 17, 2014